Although Dürer made no innovations in these areas, he is notable as the first Northern European to treat matters of visual representation in a scientific way, and with understanding of Euclidean principles.

Depending on the items on the agenda, this formation is composed of ministers responsible for areas such as European affairs, industry, tourism and scientific research.

Mazza produced the first scientific confirmation of the existence of Trypanosoma cruzi in Argentina in 1927, eventually leading to support from local and European medical schools and Argentine government policy makers.

Drawing from such concepts as the international scientific vocabulary and Standard Average European, linguists developed a theory that the modern Western languages were actually dialects of a hidden or latent language.

In a 2003 European Commission report, TU / e was ranked as 3rd among European research universities ( after Cambridge and Oxford, at equality with TU Munich and thus making it the highest ranked Technical University in Europe ), based on the impact of its scientific research.

Ptolemy was the author of several scientific treatises, at least three of which were of continuing importance to later Islamic and European science.

It ranks among top performers in the European Union in terms of papers accepted for publication in scientific journals.

The Italian Mars Society carries out scientific divulgation activities related to the Red Planet. It cooperates with the other European Mars Society chapters to build a knowledge network whose aim is to develop the interest of European people towards Mars exploration.

The 5, 500-pound capsule, seven-feet in diameter, carried a payload of 43 European experiments in a range of scientific disciplines – including fluid physics, biology, crystal growth, radiation exposure and astrobiology.

Ptolemy was the author of several scientific treatises, at least three of which were of continuing importance to later Islamic and European science.

The European concept of " race ", along with many of the ideas now associated with the term, arose at the time of the scientific revolution, which introduced and privileged the study of natural kinds, and the age of European imperialism and colonization which established political relations between Europeans and peoples with distinct cultural and political traditions.

But the scientific classification of phenotypic variation was frequently coupled with racist ideas about innate predispositions of different groups, always attributing the most desirable features to the White, European race and arranging the other races along a continuum of progressively undesirable attributes.

He is sometimes credited, mainly starting in the 19th century, as one of the earliest European advocates of the modern scientific method inspired by the works of Aristotle and later pseudo-Aristotelian works, like the works of Muslim scientist Alhazen.

At the present state of scientific research, governmental food safety organizations such as the European Food Safety Authority deny QPS ( Qualified Presumption of Safety ) status to enzymes produced especially by these molds.

The official emblem of the society was the Okapi, which was chosen because, although it was well known to the inhabitants of its region, it was unknown to the European scientific community until the English explorer Harry Johnston sent to London an Okapi skin which received international attention in 1901.

Some continuity theorists point to earlier intellectual revolutions occurring in the Middle Ages, usually referring to either a European " Renaissance of the 12th century " or a medieval " Muslim scientific revolution ", as a sign of continuity.

Such ideas were incorporated into what was already an ongoing effort by some working in anthropology to provide scientific evidence for the superiority of Caucasians over non white races and justify European imperialism.

* European and American voyages of scientific exploration

The concept of dividing pre-historical ages into systems based on metals extends far back in European history, but the present archaeological system of the three main ages: stone, bronze and iron, originates with the Danish archaeologist Christian Jürgensen Thomsen ( 1788 – 1865 ), who placed the system on a more scientific basis by typological and chronological studies, at first of tools and other artifacts present in the Museum of Northern Antiquities in Copenhagen ( later the National Museum of Denmark ).

European culture witnessed the arrival of several important scientific works in translation from centuries-old Arabic sources, including Alhazen's work on optics and Al-Razi's medical works.

While many American museums, both Natural History museums and Art museums alike, were founded with the intention of focusing on the scientific discoveries and artistic developments in North America, many moved to emulate their European counterparts in certain ways ( including the development of Classical collections from ancient Egypt, Greece, Mesopotamia and Rome ).

* European and American voyages of scientific exploration

Cape Breton Island's first residents were likely Maritime Archaic natives, ancestors of the Mi ' kmaq, the latter of whom inhabited the island at the time of European discovery.

The popularly reported European discovery of the okapi in 1901, earlier hinted at but unseen by Henry Morton Stanley in his travelogue of exploring the Congo, later became the emblem for the now defunct International Society of Cryptozoology.

Historians generally credit João Faras-astronomer and physician of King Manuel I of Portugal who accompanied Pedro Álvares Cabral in the discovery of Brazil in 1500-for being the first European to depict it correctly.

After the discovery of the West Indies by Christopher Columbus in 1492, the Spanish term Antillas was assigned to the lands ; stemming from this, " Sea of the Antilles " is a common alternative name for the Caribbean Sea in various European languages.

As he progressed on his voyages of discovery he surveyed and named features, and recorded islands and coastlines on European maps for the first time.

Prior to the discovery of the bodies in Lindow Moss, British bog bodies had been a relatively neglected subject compared to European examples.

With the continual discovery of " new " Medieval and Renaissance fighting manuals, the practice of Historical European Martial Arts and other Western Martial Arts are growing in popularity across the United States and Europe.

Finally, observations by the European Fireball Network, a descendant of the original Czech program that recovered Pribram, led to the discovery and orbit calculations for the Neuschwanstein meteorite in 2002.

Pedrarias was a party to the agreement authorizing the expedition by conquistadors Francisco Pizarro and Diego de Almagro that brought the European discovery and conquest of the Inca Empire ( present day Peru ).

The most important discovery prior to the European spice trade were the monsoon winds ( 40 CE ).

The first recorded European discovery of San Francisco Bay was on November 4, 1769 when Spanish explorer Gaspar de Portolà, unable to find the port of Monterey, California, continued north close to what is now Pacifica and reached the summit of the high Sweeney Ridge, where he sighted San Francisco Bay.

Early European interest in the island followed discovery of copper in the remote north of the island, where New Zealand's earliest mines were established at Miners Head in 1842.

The date of European discovery is uncertain: some sources claim that Columbus sighted the island in 1493, while others state that the island was first discovered by the French in 1564 or 1565.

The European discovery and naming of Anguilla is often credited to French explorer Pierre Laudonnaire who visited the island in 1565, though according to some it had been sighted and named by Columbus in 1493.

The ceremonies, which commemorated the 300th anniversary of the discovery of Lake Champlain by European explorers, were attended by President William Howard Taft.

Terra Australis was one of several names applied to the largest landmass of what is now known as the continent of Oceania, after its European discovery ; it is the root of the modern name of Australia.

The goal of reaching the Spice Islands, eventually to be enveloped by the Dutch East Indies Empire, led to the accidental discovery of the West Indies, and lit the fuse of centuries of rivalry between European maritime powers for control of lucrative global markets and resources.

At the time of the European discovery of most of the islands of the Caribbean, three major Amerindian indigenous peoples lived on the islands: the Taíno in the Greater Antilles, The Bahamas and the Leeward Islands ; the Island Caribs and Galibi in the Windward Islands ; and the Ciboney in western Cuba.

Since the European exploration of the world, the " discovery " of every continent, island, and geographical feature, for the European traveler, led to the notion that the native people were " discovered " ( though many were there centuries or even millennia before ).

His fame as an explorer helped drive forward the obsession with discovering the sources of the River Nile that formed the culmination of the classic period of European geographical discovery and colonial penetration of the African continent.

European discovery of the basin dates from 1878 when a shallow bore near Bourke produced flowing water.

At the time of European discovery, some of the indigenous peoples were traditionally mostly semi-nomadic tribes who subsisted on hunting, fishing, gathering, and migrant agriculture.

The crater came to the attention of scientists following its discovery by European settlers in the 19th century.

The influence of nationalism was clear in the differing interpretations of the find: whilst the majority of British scientists accepted the discovery as " the Earliest Englishman ", European and American scientists were considerably more sceptical, and several suggested at the time that the skull and jaw were from two different creatures and had been accidentally mixed up.