Even though Spain, the United Kingdom and Gibraltar are all part of the European Union, the border fence is still relevant today since Gibraltar is outside the customs union.

In efforts foreshadowing European integration, Luxembourg and Belgium in 1921 formed the Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union ( BLEU ) to create an inter-exchangeable currency and a common customs regime.

The Netherlands ' postwar customs union with Belgium and Luxembourg ( the Benelux group ) paved the way for the formation of the European Community ( precursor to the EU ), of which the Netherlands was a founding member.

The European Economic Community was the first example of a both common and single market, but it was an economic union since it had additionally a customs union.

This involved learning the intricacies of European diplomatic customs and then using the treaties to prevent a power from overstepping their agreement or by playing different powers against each other.

In December 2008, the European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo ( EULEX ) assumed most of UNMIK's roles, assisting and supporting the Kosovo authorities in the rule of law area, specifically in the police, judiciary and customs areas.

The Russian imperial hunts evolved from hunting traditions of early Russian rulers — Grand Princes and Tsars — under the influence of hunting customs of European royal courts.

Andorra entered into a customs union with the European Communities ( now the EU ) in 1991 and was admitted to the UN on 28 July 1993.

Positive accounts of Aboriginal customs and encounters are also recorded in the journals of early European explorers, who often relied on Aboriginal guides and assistance: Charles Sturt employed Aboriginal envoys to explore the Murray-Darling ; the lone survivor of the Burke and Wills expedition was nursed by local Aborigines, and the famous Aboriginal explorer Jackey Jackey loyally accompanied his ill-fated friend Edmund Kennedy to Cape York.

He was most noted for his extensive writing on the geography, history and customs of Russia and contributed greatly to early Western European knowledge of that area.

According to Maistre, only governments founded upon a Christian constitution, implicit in the customs and institutions of all European societies but especially in Catholic European monarchies, could avoid the disorder and bloodshed that followed the implementation of rationalist political programs, as in the French Revolution.

The state is not a member of the European Union, but has a customs arrangement with the EU, and uses the euro.

Andorra has had a customs union with the European Union ( EU ) since 1991 though it excludes agricultural produce.

Belgium's postwar customs union with the Netherlands and Luxembourg paved the way for the formation of the European Community ( precursor to the EU ), of which Belgium was a founding member.

Many fall or autumn North European folk black face customs are employed ritualistically to appease the forces of the oncoming winter, utilizing characters with blackened faces, or black masks.

As the band was about to return home from the European tour, UK customs detained Colombian drummer Robo due to visa problems, and he was not allowed back into the country.

In 1947, thirteen European countries established a Study Group to examine customs issues identified by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ( GATT ).

Although not a member of the European Union ( EU ), Monaco is closely associated with the economic apparatus of the EU through its customs union with France and its reliance upon the euro as its official currency.

In the European Early Middle Ages, law, standardization, and the power of the after the decline of Rome, but regulation existed in the form of norms, customs, and privileges ; this regulation was aided by the unified Christian identity and a sense of honor in regard to contracts.

An example of the support the European Union offers to the reform processes of its neighbours is EUBAM, the European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine, which assists the governments of Moldova and Ukraine in approximating their border and customs procedures to EU standards.

Many European Union countries presently prohibit the importation of meat products, including jerky, without additional and extensive customs documentation, and further inspections.

The movement toward European unity has been expressed in two currents: federalism and functionalism, one looking to the constitution of a United States of Europe, the other building on wartime precedents of practical cooperation for the solution of specific problems.

Then, too, European drivers have reputations for being somewhat crazy on the road and some Americans are not particularly keen on getting mixed up with them.

Now, with virtually every writer, not only was the European origin of public law acknowledged as a historical phenomenon, but the rules thus established by the advanced civilizations of Europe were to be imposed on others.

Hall, for example, was quite explicit on this point when he said states outside European civilization must formally enter into the circle of law-governed countries.

One effect of the proposal, which puts a premium on population instead of economic strength, as in the past, would be to take jobs from European nations and give more to such countries as India.

This is similar to the notion of chivalry, but unlike that European concept, in i ' thar attention is focused on everything in existence.

While Durkheim and others examined the state of modern societies, Mauss and his collaborators ( such as Henri Hubert and Robert Hertz ) drew on ethnography and philology to analyze societies that were not as ' differentiated ' as European nation states.

It is a popular belief that alchemists made contributions to the " chemical " industries of the day — ore testing and refining, metalworking, production of gunpowder, ink, dyes, paints, cosmetics, leather tanning, ceramics, glass manufacture, preparation of extracts, liquors, and so on ( it seems that the preparation of aqua vitae, the " water of life ", was a fairly popular " experiment " among European alchemists ).

* In the year 1000, the Icelander Leif Ericson was the first European to set foot on North American soil, corresponding to today's Eastern coast of Canada, i. e. the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, including the area of land named " Vinland " by Ericson.

The Atari 7800 version was a launch title and featured co-operative play, it was the built in game on the European Atari 7800 release.

The Sea of Marmara forms a connection between the Black and Aegean Seas through the Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits, and separates Anatolia from Thrace on the European mainland.

Later on, when he became king in 1509, Henry VIII is supposed to have commissioned an English translation of a Life of Henry V so that he could emulate him, on the grounds that he thought that launching a campaign against France would help him to impose himself on the European stage.

* CSIC, Spain A Government of Spain website for European publications on tree nuts including almonds

abate ), as commonly used in the Catholic Church on the European continent, is the equivalent of the English " Father " ( parallel etymology ), being loosely applied to all who have received the tonsure.

European Ideologies: A Survey of 20th Century Political Ideas ( 1948 ) pp 391 – 481 online edition, on Russia and Bulgaria

A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely due to the impact of its cultural and political achievements during the 5th and 4th centuries BC in later centuries on the rest of the then known European continent.

Cabot is believed the first Western European on the mainland.

His work in Early Modern European History focuses on the history of education, the history of the book and the history of reading.

Across Abydos lies Sestus on the European side, marking one of the narrowest points of the Dardanelles, slightly more than a nautical mile broad ( the narrrowest point is at Çanakkale ).

Most recently in 2011, the Charlemagne Award was conferred on Jean-Claude Trichet, the president of the European Central Bank.

Modern-day Arab telephone keypad with two forms of Arabic numerals: Western Arabic / European numerals on the left and Eastern Arabic numerals on the right