Corroborating Mr. Hodges' figures was the Federal Reserve Board's report of the large sales increase in the nation's department stores for the week ending March 4.

If the trend of general business activity follows the pattern suggested here, we are likely to see additional steps by the Federal Reserve authorities to ease the availability of credit.

One of the most intriguing questions is whether the recent departures of the Federal Reserve authorities from confining their open market operations to Treasury bills will spread into longer-term Government securities in the next few months.

To the extent that the new Administration has its wishes, the Federal Reserve would conduct its open market operations throughout the entire maturity range of Government securities and aggressively seek to force down long-term interest rates.

The principle of `` bills only '', or `` bills preferably '', seems so strongly accepted by the Federal Reserve that it is difficult to envision conditions which would persuade the authorities to depart radically from it by extending their open market purchases regularly into long-term Government securities.

The economist does not look for a drastic switch in the budget during this recovery and believes it `` even more unlikely that the Federal Reserve will aggressively tighten monetary policy in the early phases of the upturn as was the case in 1958 ''.

-- Alfred Hayes, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, said Tuesday `` there is no present need for far-reaching reforms '' which would basically alter the international financial system.

Critics have also argued that, as the Austrian business cycle theory points to the actions of fractional-reserve banks and central banks to explain the business cycles, it fails to explain the severity of business cycles before the establishment of the Federal Reserve in 1913.

* 1976 – The United States Treasury Department reintroduces the two-dollar bill as a Federal Reserve Note on Thomas Jefferson's 233rd birthday as part of the United States Bicentennial celebration.

More controversially, officials of the Federal Reserve assisted in the negotiations that led to this bail-out, on the grounds that so many companies and deals were intertwined with LTCM that if LTCM actually failed, they would as well, causing a collapse in confidence in the economic system.

In the 1950s, Burroughs had worked with the Federal Reserve Bank on the development and computer processing of magnetic ink character recognition ( MICR ) especially for the processing of bank cheques.

In industries like banking, where continuous operations was mandatory, Burroughs large systems penetrated most every large bank, including the Federal Reserve Bank.

* FRED ( Federal Reserve Economic Data )

Gerald P. O ' Driscoll, former vice president at the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, stated that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac became examples of crony capitalism.

In the United States, the Federal Reserve System operates without direct oversight by the legislative or executive branches.

Examples include the European Central Bank ( ECB ), the Federal Reserve of the United States, and the People's Bank of China.

The US Federal Reserve was created by the U. S. Congress through the passing of The Federal Reserve Act in the Senate and its signing by President Woodrow Wilson on the same day, December 23, 1913.

The word " Reserve " is also often included, such as the Reserve Bank of India, Reserve Bank of Australia, Reserve Bank of New Zealand, the South African Reserve Bank, and U. S. Federal Reserve System.

The European Central Bank for example announces its interest rate at the meeting of its Governing Council ; in the case of the U. S. Federal Reserve, the Board of Governors.

The Federal Reserve Bank stopped publishing M3 and counting it as part of the money supply in 2006.

For example, the chairman of the U. S. Federal Reserve Bank is appointed by the President of the U. S. ( all nominees for this post are recommended by the owners of the Federal Reserve, as are all the board members ), his choice must be confirmed by the Congress, and he must appear and testify before congress twice a year.

Other more recent political figures educated at Columbia include U. S President Barack Obama, Associate Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court Ruth Bader Ginsburg, former U. S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, former chairman of the U. S. Federal Reserve Bank Alan Greenspan, U. S. Attorney General Eric Holder, and U. S. Solicitor General Donald Verrilli Jr .. Dwight D. Eisenhower served as the thirteenth president of Columbia University from 1948 to 1953.

The firm is one of twenty-one primary dealers who trade U. S. government securities directly with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and is also involved in investment banking, asset management, market data and brokerage services.

FBI agents assembled the ransom money from several Seattle-area banks — 10, 000 unmarked 20-dollar bills, many with serial numbers beginning with the letter " L " indicating issuance by the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, most carrying a " Series 1969-C " designation — and made a microfilm photograph of each of them.

Similarly, if the house was located in an undesirable neighborhood and the Federal Reserve Bank was about to raise interest rates by five percentage points, then the risk factor would be a lot higher than 5 %: it might not be possible for him to predict a profit in discounted terms even if he thinks he could sell the house for $ 200, 000 in three years.

According to the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, " the Federal Reserve has the authority and financial resources to act as ' lender of last resort ' by extending credit to depository institutions or to other entities in unusual circumstances involving a national or regional emergency, where failure to obtain credit would have a severe adverse impact on the economy.

Federal funds are the reserve balances ( also called federal reserve accounts ) that private banks keep at their local Federal Reserve Bank.

The purpose of keeping funds at a Federal Reserve Bank is to have a mechanism for private banks to lend funds to one another.

Private banks elect members of the board of directors at their regional Federal Reserve Bank while the members of the Board of Governors are selected by the President of the United States and confirmed by the Senate.

The board of directors of each Federal Reserve Bank District also has regulatory and supervisory responsibilities.

* Lucas, Robert E., Jr. ( 2003 ) The Industrial Revolution: Past and Future, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, Annual Report online edition

A Federal district court in Minneapolis ruled against the Governor on December 23, and the plant turned back to Wilson & Co. just days later.

In 1982 E. Gerald Corrigan, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis and a close Volcker colleague, published an influential essay titled “ Are banks special ?” in which he argued banks should be subject to special restrictions on affiliations because they enjoy special benefits ( e. g., deposit insurance and Federal Reserve Bank loan facilities ) and have special responsibilities ( e. g., operating the payment system and influencing the money supply ).

Starting in the late 1980s, John H. Boyd, a staff member of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, consistently questioned the value of size and product diversification in banking.

As John Boyd had earlier, Minneapolis Federal Reserve Bank president Gary Stern and Arthur Wilmarth warned that the GLBA ’ s permission for broader combinations of banking, securities, and insurance activities could increase the “ too big to fail ” problem.

In 2004, 121, 600, 000 of the Series 2003 bills were printed for the Minneapolis Federal Reserve Bank.

Uncut $ 2 sheets from Series 2003 were printed for the Boston ( A ), Atlanta ( F ), Chicago ( G ), Minneapolis ( I ), and Dallas ( K ) Federal Reserve Districts despite the fact that notes from the Minneapolis district were the only ones released for circulation.

At Target Field station, the parallel rail lines of the old Great Northern Railway ( north side track now BNSF ) and the Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway ( south side track now Union Pacific ) travel eastbound past the Federal Reserve Bank, the site of the old Minneapolis Great Northern Depot, across the Mississippi River on the Minneapolis BNSF Rail Bridge, and then across Nicollet Island.

He also was president of the Federal Reserve Banks in Minneapolis ( 1919-1927 ) and Boston ( 1930-1942 ).

From 1919 to 1927 he was president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis before becoming chairman of the of the Federal Reserve Board.

* Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Headquarters and Operations Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota

The engine's final excursion before the required Federal Railway Administration's " 15 year inspection " for the 261 was a run in September 2008 on Canadian Pacific's ex-Milwaukee Road line from Minneapolis to Winona with a return on BNSF's ex-Burlington line from La Crosse to Minneapolis.

Midwest Federal Savings & Loan was a federally chartered savings and loan based in Minneapolis, Minnesota until its failure in 1990.

Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Research Department Staff Report 220.

Image: Fed-Minneapolis-20080926. jpg | Facing the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis

* 510 Marquette – the original Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis