The French Orientalist Antoine-Isaac Silvestre de Sacy, who had been discussing this work with Åkerblad, received in 1801 from Jean-Antoine Chaptal, French minister of the interior, one of the early lithographic prints of the Rosetta Stone, and realised that the middle text was in this same script.

Said was mainly concerned with literature in the widest sense, especially French literature, and did not cover visual art and Orientalist painting, though others, notably Linda Nochlin, have tried to extend his analysis to art, " with uneven results ".

French Orientalist painting was transformed by Napoleon's ultimately unsuccessful invasion of Egypt and Syria in 1798-1801, which stimulated great public interest in Egyptology, and was also recorded in subsequent years by Napoleon's court painters, especially Baron Gros, although the Middle Eastern campaign was not one on which he accompanied the army.

Delacroix followed up with Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi ( 1827 ), commemorating a siege of the previous year, and the Death of Sardanapalus, inspired by Lord Byron, which although set in antiquity has been credited with beginning the mixture of sex, violence, lassitude and exoticism which runs through much French Orientalist painting.

But Rana Kabbani believes that " French Orientalist painting, as exemplified by the works of Gérôme, may appear more sensual, gaudy, gory and sexually explicit than its British counterpart, but this is a difference of style not substance ...

* Benjamin, Roger Orientalist Aesthetics, Art, Colonialism and French North Africa: 1880-1930, U. of California Press, 2003

There are also recent signs of the reception of phenomenology ( and Heidegger's thought in particular ) within scholarly circles focused on studying the impetus of metaphysics in the history of ideas in Islam and Early Islamic philosophy ; perhaps under the indirect influence of the tradition of the French Orientalist and philosopher Henri Corbin.

* March 30 — David Léon Cahun, French Orientalist and writer ( born 1841 )

* Étienne Hubert ( Arabist ) ( 1567 – 1614 ), French physician, Orientalist and diplomat

Émile Jean-Horace Vernet ( 30 June 1789 – 17 January 1863 ) was a French painter of battles, portraits, and Orientalist Arab subjects.

Étienne Marc Quatremère ( July 12, 1782 – 1857 ) was a French Orientalist.

Eusèbe Renaudot ( July 20, 1646 – September 7, 1720 ) was a French theologian and Orientalist.

While still living in Mulhouse, he discovered the works of René Guénon, the French philosopher and Orientalist, which served to confirm his intellectual intuitions and which provided support for the metaphysical principles he had begun to discover.

Eugène-Melchior, vicomte de Vogüé ( 25 February 1848 – 29 March 1910 ) was a French diplomat, Orientalist, travel writer, archaeologist, philanthropist and literary critic.

* January 17-Horace Vernet, French painter of battles, portraits, and Orientalist Arab subjects ( b. 1789 )

Théodore Chassériau ( September 20, 1819 – October 8, 1856 ) was a French romantic painter noted for his portraits, historical and religious paintings, allegorical murals, and Orientalist images inspired by his travels to Algeria.

Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau ( 19 February 1846 – 15 February 1923 ) was a noted French Orientalist and archaeologist.

* David Léon Cahun ( 1841 – 1900 ), a Jewish French traveler, Orientalist and writer

During the Victorian era, French Orientalist painters such as Jean-Léon Gérôme presented an idealized depiction of female toplessness in Muslim harem baths, while Eugène Delacroix, a French romantic artist, invoked images of liberty as a topless woman.

The French Orientalist Edgard Blochet ( 1870 – 1937 ) argued that some of the folios of the manuscript, including the pictorial series, were an interpolation no earlier than the 10th or 11th century.

Herbert was in his own right a considerable Orientalist, and a linguist who spoke French, Italian, German, Turkish, Arabic, Greek and Albanian as well as English.

* Pierre Amédée Jaubert ( 1779-1847 ), French Orientalist and traveller

Évariste Galois () ( 25 October 1811 – 31 May 1832 ) was a French mathematician born in Bourg-la-Reine.

* 1753 – Évariste de Parny, French poet ( d. 1814 )

* 1811 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician ( d. 1832 )

* May 31 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician ( b. 1811 )

** Évariste Galois, French mathematician ( d. 1832 )

Like Galois theory, Galois connections are named after the French mathematician Évariste Galois.

Évariste Régis Huc, or Abbé Huc, ( 1813 – 1860 ) was a French missionary traveller, famous for his accounts of China, Tartary and Tibet.

Évariste Desiré de Forges, vicomte de Parny ( February 6, 1753 on the Isle of Bourbon ( Reunion ) – December 5, 1814, Paris, France ) was a French poet.

* Évariste Régis Huc ( 1813 – 1860 ), French Roman Catholic missionary in China, Tartary and Tibet

This terminology has been introduced in his last letter by Évariste Galois who called ( in French ) equation primitive an equation whose Galois group is primitive.

However, it is important to trace the philosophy of the French Revolution to its sources to understand the common democratic origin of individualism and socialism and the influence of the latter on the former.

These new pictures focussed on the familiar and commonplace objects that he had heard the men in his prison camp talking about as the things they missed most, hence associated with the sense of lost freedom: the cafe at the corner, the newspaper kiosk, the girls in doorways and windows along the street, the golden-crusted French bread they lacked, the cigarettes denied them.

There was only one hitch: the small town of Kehl, on the other side of the Rhine, was still under French jurisdiction.

`` Ah, then please tell me where the frontier is because this gentleman here '' -- I indicated the French occupation officer -- `` informs me that Germany is just on the other side of him ''.

As the field on which my tent was pitched was a favorite natural playground for the kids of the neighborhood, I had made many friends among them, taking part in their after-school games and trying desperately to translate Grimm's Fairy Tales into an understandable French as we gathered around the fire in front of the tent.

The French were now occupying Gascony and Flanders on the technical grounds that their rulers had forfeited them by a breach of the feudal contract.

He was unable to send any more help to his allies on the Continent, and during the next few years many of them, left to resist French pressure unaided, surrendered to the inevitable and made their peace with Philip.

In spite of the armistice negotiated by Amadee two years earlier, the war between Bishop Guillaume of Lausanne and Louis of Savoy was still going on, and although little is known about it, that little proves that it was yet another phase of the struggle against French expansion and was closely interwoven with the larger conflict.

When they lost it, the French artillery moved in, and that was the end for Garibaldi that time, on 30 April 1849.

Previous presentations have been on French, Spanish, Russian, Italian, German and Japanese.

He sensed something precious in the perilous moment, something akin to the knowledge gained on his bicycle trip through the French countryside, a knowledge imprisoned in speechlessness.

he rose at half-past six every morning, made himself some French coffee, had his corn flakes and more coffee, smoked four cigarettes while reading last Sunday's Herald Tribune and yesterday's Pittsburgh Gazette, then put on his high-topped farmer's shoes and walked under a vine bower to his workshop.

So it was that when Mr. Brown and Mr. Sharpe first saw the French tool on exhibition in Paris in 1868, they brought a sample with them to the United States and started Brown & Sharpe in yet another field where it retains its leadership to this day.

Reports already issued on the sampling census, 1955 - 57, in various areas run as follows ( using only the French and omitting corresponding Flemish titles ).

Cubism, in its 1911-1912 phase ( which the French, with justice, call `` hermetic '' ) was on the verge of abstract art.

These are the wines the French themselves use for everyday drinking, for even in France virtually no one drinks the Grands Crus on a meal-to-meal basis.

They threatened constantly to give the British a hold on this region, from whence they could move easily down the rivers to the French settlements near the Gulf.

They destroyed a trading house and pillaged the goods, and harassed French shipping on the Mississippi.

Ideally, the President would like the French to agree on a `` status quo ante '' on Bizerte, and accept a new timetable for withdrawing their forces from the Mediterranean base.

The task of taking the raw material of Marcel Pagnol's original trio of French films about people of the waterfront in Marseilles and putting them again on the screen, after their passage through the Broadway musical idiom, was a delicate and perilous one, indeed.

Nostalgia week at Lewisohn Stadium, which had begun with the appearance of the 70-year-old Mischa Elman on Tuesday night, continued last night as Lily Pons led the list of celebrities in an evening of French operatic excerpts.

A deft, hilarious satire on very high French society involving a statesman with two enviable possessions, a lovely young bride and a head containing such weighty thoughts that he has occasionally to remove it for greater comfort.

Gershwin collaborated on the original program notes with the critic and composer Deems Taylor, noting that: " My purpose here is to portray the impression of an American visitor in Paris as he strolls about the city and listens to various street noises and absorbs the French atmosphere.

International Atomic Time ( TAI, from the French name Temps atomique international ) is a high-precision atomic coordinate time standard based on the notional passage of proper time on Earth's geoid.