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German and amphibious
In 1940 the German Navy was ill-prepared for mounting an amphibious assault the size of Operation Sea Lion.
War meant production changed to military vehicles, the Type 82 Kübelwagen (" Bucket car ") utility vehicle ( VW's most common wartime model ), and the amphibious Schwimmwagen which were used to equip the German forces.
The scheme of amphibious raids was the only one of Pitt's policies during the war that was broadly a failure, although it did help briefly relieve pressure on the German front by trying down French troops on coastal protection service.
The amphibious assault ( Operation Infatuate ) proved a success and by 8 November, all German resistance on the island had been overrun.
The need to defeat the German defensive positions of the " Atlantic wall " as part of the amphibious landings in Normandy in 1944 led to the development of specialist combat engineer vehicles.
While emphasis was placed on the airborne assault the German messages mentioned seaborne operations, which seriously affected Freyberg's troop deployment, as he expected an amphibious landing, consequently detracting from the defence of the main German objective of the Maleme airfield.
The VW Type 128 and 166 Schwimmwagen ( literally Floating / Swimming Car ) were amphibious four-wheel drive off-roaders, used extensively by the German Wehrmacht and the Waffen-SS during the Second World War.
Operation Shingle ( January 22, 1944 ) was an Allied amphibious landing in the Italian Campaign against German forces in the area of Anzio and Nettuno, Italy.
In the largest amphibious invasion in history, 156, 215 Allied troops landed at Normandy to retake France from the occupying German forces.
* M3 Amphibious Rig, a German self-propelled amphibious bridging vehicle
* M2 Alligator, an amphibious bridging vehicle developed by German firm EWK, later succeeded by the M3 Amphibious Rig
When Britain declared war on Nazi Germany on 3 September 1939, debates began in official circles about the possible ways in which the German military might launch an invasion of the British Isles ; in the first week of the conflict numerous diplomatic and intelligence reports seemed to indicate that there was the possibility of an imminent German amphibious assault.
According to Görtz, Kathleen consisted of a map, on which was the suggestion of a German landing similar to that at Narvik, in the vicinity of Derry — an amphibious assault.
It is not known whether any serious planning was done around Kathleen, although the plan appears to have been widened in scope, maybe by Görtz, or perhaps Kurt Student, who presented a similar plan to Hitler in January 1941, to include parachute drops of German troops around Divis Mountain and Lisburn in combination with the amphibious assault on Lough Swilly and Magilligan Point.
After an amphibious crossing of Lake Garda, it secured Gargnano and Porto di Tremosine, on 30 April, as German resistance in Italy ended.
A series of events during and after World War II exacerbated tensions, including the Soviet-German pact during the first two years of the war leading to subsequent invasions, the perceived delay of an amphibious invasion of German-occupied Europe, the western allies ' support of the Atlantic Charter, disagreement in wartime conferences over the fate of Eastern Europe, the Soviets ' creation of an Eastern Bloc of Soviet satellite states, western allies scrapping the Morgenthau Plan to support the rebuilding of German industry, and the Marshall Plan.
Operation Agreement comprised a series of ground and amphibious operations carried out by British, Rhodesian and New Zealand forces on German and Italian-held Tobruk on 13-14 September 1942, during the Second World War.
Dozens of British seamen and marines were rescued from the sea by the Italian torpedo boat Castore, a flotilla of German harbour minesweepers and several Italian motor barges, which also seized a couple of makeshift amphibious craft attempting to reach Alexandria at very low speed.
In its second amphibious assault of the war, it went ashore at Anzio, south of Rome in Operation Shingle in January 1944 which was planned to threaten the rear lines of supply and communication of the German Tenth Army.
Lacking enough landing craft for a major amphibious assault, the Regia Marina secured design plans from the German Kriegsmarine to build copies of the Marinefährprahm Type A ( MFP ) in Italian shipyards.
Operation Varsity was therefore planned with these three airborne divisions in mind, with all three to be dropped behind German lines in support of 21st Army Group as it conducted its amphibious assaults to breach the Rhine.

German and invasion
* 1914 – World War I: First Battle of the Atlantic – two days after the United Kingdom had declared war on Germany over the German invasion of Belgium, ten German U-boats leave their base in Heligoland to attack Royal Navy warships in the North Sea.
Ariovistus had become involved in an invasion of Gaul, which the German wished to settle.
They launched a major invasion of Gaul and northern Italy in 268, when the Romans were forced to denude much of their German frontier of troops in response to a massive invasion of the Goths from the east.
Six weeks before the German invasion of Poland, Heschel left Warsaw for London with the help of Julian Morgenstern, president of Hebrew Union College, who had been working to obtain visas for Jewish scholars in Europe.
During the Western Allied invasion of Germany in April 1945, the airfield was seized by the United States Third Army, and used by the USAAF 354th Fighter Group which flew P-47 Thunderbolts from the aerodrome ( designated ALG R-82 ) from late April until the German capitulation on 7 May 1945.
Even though Bulgaria did not send any troops to support the German invasion of the Soviet Union, the Navy was involved in a number of skirmishes with the Soviet Black Sea Fleet, which attacked Bulgarian shipping.
The German invasion of France, with subsidiary attacks on Belgium and the Netherlands, consisted of two phases, Operation Yellow ( Fall Gelb ) and Operation Red ( Fall Rot ).
Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, involved a number of breakthroughs and encirclements by motorized forces.
Although the German invasion successfully conquered large areas of Soviet territory, the overall strategic effects were more limited.
It was only after the hastily improvised plan for the invasion of Western Europe in 1940 and its successful conclusion, which led the German General Staff to believe that decisive battles were not obsolete.
The Second World War broke out in 1939 with the German invasion of Poland.
" Table of Silence ", " The Gate of the Kiss ", and " Endless Column " commemorate the courage and sacrifice of Romanian civilians who in 1916 fought off a German invasion.
Image: Polish cavalry in Sochaczew ( 1939 ) a. jpg | Polish cavalry galloping through a bombed town during the German invasion of Poland in 1939.
Shortly after the 1941 German invasion of the Soviet Union, Trumbo and his publisher decided to suspend reprinting of Johnny Got His Gun until the end of the war.
Dragoons fought on horses, bicycles and skis against the German invasion in 1940.
Mussolini also mobilized a part of the Italian army on the Austrian border and threatened Hitler with war in the event of a German invasion of Austria to thwart the putsch.
The British subsequently made a pre-emptive ( but friendly ) invasion and occupation of the Faroes to prevent a German invasion.
During the invasion of Poland and the Battle of France, Luftwaffe fighters — primarily the Messerschmitt Bf 109 — held air superiority, and the Luftwaffe played a major role in German victories in these campaigns.
Additionally Britain's use of radar and the advantages of fighting above Britain's home territory allowed the RAF to deny Germany air superiority, saving the British Isles from German invasion and dealing the Axis their first major defeat of the Second World War.
Mussolini was aware that Italy did not have the military capacity to carry out a long war with France or the United Kingdom and waited until France was on the verge of imminent collapse and surrender from German invasion before declaring war on France and the United Kingdom on 10 June 1940, on the assumption that the war would be short-lived following France's collapse.
In 1907 Gardner returned to Britain for several months ' leave, spending time with his family and joining the Legion of Frontiersmen, a militia founded to repel the threat of German invasion.
After the German invasion of Poland that marked the start of WWII in Europe, the Soviet Union invaded and annexed eastern parts of the Second Polish Republic.

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