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Germans and launched
It could then deploy when, or if, the Germans launched an invasion.
On 22 June 1941, the Germans launched Operation Barbarossa against the Soviet Union.
In Western Europe, British troops deployed to the Continent, but in a phase nicknamed the Phoney War by the British and " Sitzkrieg " ( sitting war ) by the Germans, neither side launched major operations against the other until April 1940.
The port city was also the main objective of German armies in December ; the inability of the Allies to end the war in 1944 meant that Allied troops had to winter in Belgium, during which time the Ardennes Offensive was launched by the Germans, resulting in heavy fighting on Belgian soil that lasted into 1945.
The Allies only recognized this after several heavy setbacks, and the Germans were able to hold the region until they launched their last-ditch offensive on the Western Front into the Ardennes.
After storming the Bois des Corbeaux, and then losing it to a determined French counter-attack, the Germans launched another assault on Le Mort Homme on 9 March and this time from the direction of Béthincourt to the north-west.
On 2 April 1945, the Soviets launched the Vienna Offensive against the Germans holding the city and besieged it.
Szálasi was installed by the Germans after Hitler launched Operation Panzerfaust and had the Hungarian Regent, Admiral Miklós Horthy, removed and placed under house arrest.
The Germans developed even odder designs, like the Bachem Ba 349 Natter, which launched vertically and thus eliminated the need for an airbase.
In advance of the land battle, the Germans launched frequent bombing raids against the island in order to establish air superiority.
Two days after the Germans launched their Ardennes offensive, the 4th Armored entered the fight ( 18 December 1944 ), racing northwest into Belgium, covering 150 miles in 19 hours.
On February 16 the Germans launched a new offensive ( Operation Fischfang ) down the line of the Via Anziate.
During this meeting, Papagos laid stress on the importance of a joint Greco-Yugoslavian offensive against the Italians as soon as the Germans launched their offensive against Yugoslavia and Greece.
The Germans launched their last great offensive in December, resulting in the Battle of the Bulge.
After a turbulent conflict and war against the North German cities and the Hanseatic League, Haakon was again free to turn his attention to Sweden, and launched a successful campaign against the Germans in Sweden.
With reinforcements arriving the Germans then launched an assault on the town.
That same day the Germans launched a counter-attack against the French advance into Lorraine.
One of the first examples of coordinated large-scale use of IEDs was the Belarussian Rail War launched by Belarussian guerrillas against the Germans during World War II.
The following day the Germans launched another counterattack against Übach, again failing to dislodge the Americans.
On 12 October, the Germans launched a major counterattack against the American 30th Infantry Division.
In conjunction with Operation Star the Soviets also launched Operation Gallop south of Star, pushing the Germans away from the Donets, taking Voroshilovgrad and Izium, worsening the German situation further.
The Russians also initiated the disastrous Lake Naroch Offensive in the Vilno area, during which the Germans suffered only one-fifth as many casualties as the Russians, which was launched at French request, in the hope that the Germans would transfer more units to the East after their attack on Verdun.
At 10: 00 on the last day, the Germans launched an assault with infantry and tanks on the south-east portion of the perimeter.

Germans and surprise
To the surprise of many of the ethnic Germans in Opole however, the local Polish Silesian population and groups of ethnic Poles also rose to oppose the planned reforms ; this came about as a result of an overwhelming feel of attachment to the voivodeships that were planned to be ‘ redrawn ’ as well as a fear of ‘ alienation ’ should one find themselves residing in a new, unfamiliar region.
Fortitude South's main aims were to give the impression of a much larger invasion force ( the FUSAG ) in the South-East of England, to achieve tactical surprise in the Normandy landings and, once the invasion had occurred, to mislead the Germans into thinking it a diversionary tactic with Calais the real objective.
The battle showed the British that even the strongest trench defences could be overcome by a surprise artillery-infantry attack using the newly available methods and equipment, with a mass tank attack as a bonus ; it also showed the Germans the effectiveness of their similar new Stormtrooper tactics so recently adapted by General Hutier against the Russians.
To the surprise of the south Germans, Luther began by attacking them, demanding that they recant their false understanding of the eucharist.
Despite ample warning from intelligence sources and defectors, Joseph Stalin and the Soviet Command were caught by surprise, and the Germans rapidly broke through the frontier defences, helped by their total command of the air.
While Bradley focused on these two campaigns, the Germans were in the process of assembling troops and materiel for a surprise winter offensive.
The Germans were able to surprise the defenders with a glider-borne assault in the early morning of 26 April and captured the bridge, but the British were able to set off the charges and destroy the structure.
The two boats waited until December 1915, and mounted a surprise attack on the Germans, with the capture of the gunboat Kingani.
However, even with such a massive force taking the Germans completely by surprise, the assault was a tactical failure and after 9 days of fighting the Allies managed only to escape back to their own lines, having sustained over 18, 000 casualties.
Schwanitz doubts the sincerity of his surprise since, he argues, Husseini had publicly declared that Muslims should follow the example Germans set for a " definitive solution to the Jewish problem ".
Fortitude South's main aims were to give the impression of a much larger invasion force ( the FUSAG ) in the South-East of England, to achieve tactical surprise in the Normandy landings and, once the invasion had occurred, to mislead the Germans into thinking it a diversionary tactic with Calais the real objective.
The Germans took advantage of the narrow front to pound advancing attackers with artillery, and progress remained slow as German tanks used houses as bunkers to surprise and overwhelm American foot soldiers.
Although the Russian offensive of 1916 caught the Germans and Austrians by surprise, poor communications and logistics prevented the Russians from taking full advantage of their situation.
As the 37th and 43rd Battalions led the advance towards the German lines, supported by small teams of mortarmen and machine gunners, the Germans launched their own attack, however, the Australian assault had taken them by surprise and after some initial resistance, the German assault troops began to fall back or surrender.
The Germans launched a two-division offensive centered on Meijel, catching the thinly stretched 87th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron of the 7th Armored Division by surprise.
At Compiègne, a sudden French counter-attack on 11 June, by four divisions and 150 tanks ( under General Charles Mangin ) with no preliminary bombardment, caught the Germans by surprise and halted their advance.
In many sectors the Germans, deprived of any surprise as their fuel-starved air force had lost air superiority to the Allies, advanced no further than the French Forward Zone, and nowhere did they break the French Battle ( Second ) Zone.
The Germans were taken by surprise, to the extent that both von Vietinghof, and the parachute division's commander — Richard Heidrich — were away on leave.
However the Germans considered it far more important to maintain the element of surprise for as long as possible by slipping out of Brest unnoticed at night, thus avoiding the 12-hour warning that an early daytime departure would have given the British.
The Germans would not expect an attack from this quarter, giving the British the advantage of surprise.
The Germans achieved temporary surprise, as the Ultra documents had arrived at U. S. First Army Headquarters too late to alert the troops to the immediate assault.
They were delayed by 20 minutes and the smoke screens that should have hidden their assault had lifted, with the advantage of surprise and darkness lost the Germans had manned their defensive positions in preparation for the landings.
The ascendency of the Eindecker also contributed to the surprise the Germans were able to achieve at the start of the Battle of Verdun – the French reconnaissance aircraft failed to provide their usual cover of the German positions.
Despite the extremely muddy conditions, the Germans managed to attack effectively and take the Soviets by surprise.

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