* 1933 – The Gestapo, the official secret police force of Nazi Germany, is established.

The Gestapo (; abbreviation of Geheime Staatspolizei, " Secret State Police ") was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe.

The Gestapo had the authority to investigate cases of treason, espionage, sabotage and criminal attacks on the Nazi Party and Germany.

These groups — the Nazi party and government leadership, the German General Staff and High Command ( OKW ); the Sturmabteilung ( SA ); the Schutzstaffel ( SS ), including the Sicherheitsdienst ( SD ); and the Gestapo — had an aggregate membership exceeding two million, making a large number of their members liable to trial if the organisations were convicted.

The IMT also convicted three of the groups: the Nazi leadership corps, the SS ( including the SD ) and the Gestapo.

On 26 April 1933, he reorganized the force's Amt III as the Gestapo, a secret state police intended to serve the Nazi cause.

The Gestapo also maintained offices at all Nazi concentration camps, held an office on the staff of the SS and Police Leaders, and supplied personnel as needed to formations such as the Einsatzgruppen.

Chief of RSHA 1943 – 45, the Nazi organ made up of the intelligence service ( SD ), Secret State Police ( Gestapo ), Criminal Police ( Kripo ) and had overall command over the Einsatzgruppen.

On an even darker note, those Nazi concerns included the Gestapo, who set up a secret prison in an upper part of the building, complete with interrogation and torture rooms.

Heydrich sent a telegram that night to various SD and Gestapo offices, helping to coordinate the program with the SS, SD, Gestapo, uniformed police ( Orpo ), SA, Nazi party officials, and even the fire departments.

To maintain the political power and security of the Nazi party ( and later the nation ), the SS established and ran the SD ( Security service ) and took over the administration of Gestapo ( Secret state police ), Kripo ( criminal investigative police ), and the Orpo ( regular uniformed police ).

Many personnel served in other branches of the state government, Nazi Party, and certain departments within the RSHA ( e. g., the SD, Gestapo and Kripo ).

In addition to running Germany's concentration camps, the SS is well known for establishing the police state of Nazi Germany and suppressing all resistance to Adolf Hitler through the use of security forces, such as, the Gestapo.

The German Army, Navy, Air Force, Nazi party, Gestapo, and German diplomats all used Enigma machines, but there were several variants.

Also invited were representatives of the Reich Chancellery, the Nazi Party Chancellery, the Race and Resettlement Main Office of the RSHA and Gestapo chief Müller.

* The assassination of the German diplomat Ernst vom Rath by a German-born Polish Jew triggers the Kristallnacht ( The Night of Broken Glass ) held between the 9 to 10 November 1938 and carried out by the Hitler Youth, the Gestapo and the SS during which the Jewish population living in Nazi Germany and Austria were attacked – 91 Jews were murdered and 25, 000 to 30, 000 were arrested and placed in concentration camps.

* October 15 – Nuremberg Trials: Hermann Göring, founder of the Gestapo and recently convicted Nazi war criminal, poisons himself hours before his scheduled execution.

When Smith refused to include Nazi propaganda in his reports, the Gestapo seized his notebooks and threw him out of the country.

Karel Čapek refused to leave his country – despite the fact that the Nazi Gestapo had named him Czechoslovakia's " public enemy number two.

Before that, AK units carried out thousands of raids, intelligence operations, bombed hundreds of railway shipments, participated in many clashes and battles with the German police and Wehrmacht units and conducted tens of thousands of acts of sabotage against German industry The AK also conducted " punitive " operations to assassinate Gestapo officials responsible for Nazi terror.

In March 1940, representatives of the Soviet NKVD and the Nazi Gestapo met for one week in Zakopane's Villa Tadeusz, to coordinate the pacification of resistance in Poland.

The organization was the first Nazi Party intelligence organization to be established and was often considered a " sister organization " with the Gestapo, which the SS had infiltrated heavily after 1934.

During the Nazi occupation, a member of the anti-Nazi Underground named Rudolf Forman as a member of the Underground while being interrogated by the Gestapo.

* Gestapo – Nazi Germany

Gestapo men, the Gendarmerie, the German and Polish police and soldiers from the nearby airport all participated in this Aktion.

The Einsatzgruppen were never a standing formation ; rather they were ad hoc units recruited mostly from the ranks of the SS, the SD, and various German police forces such as the Ordnungspolizei, the Gendarmerie, the Kripo and the Gestapo, though generally the same personnel were recruited again when a unit was re-activated.

" Fritz Kolbe transmitted to the OSS some 1600 documents and cables, traveling between Berlin and Bern, " slipping through a half dozen Gestapo checkpoints while carrying his death-by-torture warrant in a shabby briefcase ", Helms wrote.

* People still remember a famous quote from the movie Valter brani Sarajevo, when the Gestapo tried to find Valter in Sarajevo, one SS Colonel on the hill upon the city tells them: " Sehen Sie diese Stadt?

In January 1945, Helmuth von Moltke was tried, convicted, and executed by a Gestapo “ People ’ s Court ” for treason, having discussed with the Kreisau Circle group the prospects for a Germany based on moral and democratic principles that could develop after Hitler.

In June, July and August, the Gestapo continued to move swiftly against the opposition, rendering any organized opposition impossible.

By 1933, however, the continued operation of the school was untenable ( it was raided by the Gestapo in April ), and in July of that year, Mies and the faculty voted to close the Bauhaus.

* July 4 – A court in Lyon sentences former Gestapo boss Klaus Barbie to life imprisonment for crimes against humanity.

Reprisals intensified between December 1943 and July 1944 when many partisans were tortured and executed by the local Gestapo and the French Milice.

On 2 July 1942, all of the remaining 81 Lidice children were handed over to the Łódź Gestapo office, who in turn had them transported to the extermination camp at Chełmno 70 kilometres away, where they were gassed to death in Magirus gas vans.

" After his arrest in July 1944, Stauffenberg ’ s older brother Berthold told the Gestapo that: “ He and his brother had basically approved of the racial principle of National Socialism, but considered it to be exaggerated and excessive ”.

On 18 July rumours reached Stauffenberg that the Gestapo had wind of the conspiracy and that he might be arrested at any time – this was apparently not true, but there was a sense that the net was closing in and that the next opportunity to kill Hitler must be taken because there might not be another.

After the July 20 plot to assassinate Hitler failed, a special Gestapo commission arrested and interrogated all known members of the Resistance.

The first was issued by Rundstedt in July 1942, and stated that captured Allied parachutists were to be handed over to the Gestapo, whether in uniform or not, rather than made prisoners of war.

Haushofer admits that after 1933 much of what he wrote was distorted under duress: his wife had to be protected by Hess's influence ( who managed to have her awarded ' honorary German ' status ); his son was implicated in the July 20 plot to assassinate Hitler and was executed by the Gestapo ; he himself was imprisoned in Dachau concentration camp for eight months ; and his son and grandson were imprisoned for two-and-a-half months.

From May to July 1940, Lange ran the Gestapo offices of Weimar and Erfurt, while working as the deputy head of the office of the Inspector of the SiPo in Kassel.

From early July 1944 until the end of war he worked as Commander of the Gestapo in the Netherlands.

But in July 1942 he was taken by the Gestapo to Theresienstadt.

During one such mission in July 1940 he was arrested by the Gestapo in the Tatra mountains in Slovakia.

This was in fact the second " Commando Order ", the first being issued by Generalfeldmarschall Gerd von Rundstedt on 21 July 1942, stipulating that parachutists should be handed over to the Gestapo.

In July 1936, she and her husband were visited by the Gestapo, who threatened her with arrest and deportation to a Nazi concentration camp ; they resolved to commit suicide if such a prospect became inevitable.

The OKH Cipher Section decoded some of Trepper's radio traffic, and on 30 July 1942 the Gestapo arrested radio operator Johann Wenzel.

* Müller, Heinrich, The Official Gestapo report on 20 July Assassination Plot ( Heinrich Müller, SS-Gruppenführer, Amtschef, Reichssicherheitshauptamt-IV-Sonderkommission 20 July 1944.

After the July 20 plot it was used as a detention centre by the Gestapo, which on the night of April 22, 1945, murdered 16 inmates, amongst them Klaus Bonhoeffer, Rüdiger Schleicher and Albrecht Haushofer, who wrote the " Moabit Sonnets " during his arrest.

Following the failure of 20 July putsch, the Gestapo searched the room in which Goerdeler had been hiding at in the Anhalter Bahnhof hotel, in which they discovered a vast collection of documents relating to the putsch such as the text of Goerdeler's planned radio address to the German people as Chancellor.

Von Kluge — who feared he was about to be implicated by the Gestapo in the July 20 Plot — acquiesced in this apparently suicidal order.

On July 3, 2011 a memorial dedicated to the 39 Polish professors murdered by the Gestapo on July 4, 1941 was opened in Lviv.