The arrival of Germanic-speaking invaders along the coast of the Black Sea is generally explained as a gradual migration of the Goths from what is now Poland to Ukraine, reflecting the tradition of Jordanes and old songs.

Jordanes was asked by a friend to write this book as a summary of a multi-volume history of the Goths ( now lost ) by the statesman Cassiodorus.

When Belisarius was sent back to Italy in 544 to cope with a renewal of the war with the Goths, now led by the able king Totila, Procopius appears to have no longer been on Belisarius ' staff.

* The Goths, now seeking a military victory to force the Empire to make terms, aim to dislodge the army of Frigeridus from Beroea.

* Gordian III evacuates the Cimmerian cities in the Bosphorus ( Crimea ), as the territory is now controlled by the Goths.

He refused to act as a hostage, as he had been a prisoner of the Goths in Dibaltum and escaped, and now feared revenge.

Rome was now besieged by the Goths under Totila and the inhabitants fell into the greatest misery.

The father and son, now joint rulers, then embarked in an expedition against king Cniva of the Goths to punish the invaders for the raids.

De origine actibusque Getarum ( The Origin and Deeds of the Getae / Goths ), or the Getica, written in Late Latin by Jordanes ( or Jornandes ) in 551, claims to be a summary of a voluminous account by Cassiodorus of the origin and history of the Gothic people, which may have had the title " Origo Gothica " and which is now lost.

In 533 a letter ostensibly written by King Athalaric to the senate in Rome, but ghosted by Cassiodorus, mentions the great work on the Goths, now complete, in which Cassiodorus " restored the Amali with the illustriousness of their race.

The tradition was strongest in Bornholm, Gotland and Götaland and appears to have followed the Goths, during the 1st century, to the southern shore of the Baltic Sea, ( now Northern Poland ) where they are a characteristic of the Wielbark culture.

Settled in prehistoric times, the central-eastern European land that is now the southeastern part of Poland and the western part of Ukraine was overrun in pre-Roman times by various tribes, including the Celts, Goths, and Vandals ( Przeworsk culture ).

Crimean Gothic was a Gothic dialect spoken by the Crimean Goths in some isolated locations in Crimea ( now in Ukraine ) until the late 18th century.

The Romans in time, with their superior numbers, surrounded the Goths, who attempted now to retreat from the empire.

So you find men passing over everywhere, now to the Goths, now to the Bagaudae, or whatever other barbarians have established their power anywhere ... We call those men rebels and utterly abandoned, whom we ourselves have forced into crime.

Thus, in 711, Tariq ibn-Ziyad crossed the strait whose name now comes from his ( Gibraltar means " the Rock of Tariq ") and after the battle turned against the pact and occupied most of central Spain, leaving the remaining Goths independently pacted or rebel at some territories in Catalonia, Narbonne, Valencia and Asturias-Cantabria.

Aside from textual reports of the existence of the Goths in Crimea, both first and second hand, from as early as 850, numerous archaeological examples also exist, including the ruins of the former capital city of the Crimean Goths: Doros, or Mangup as it is now known.

Settled in prehistoric times, the south-eastern Poland region that is now Bieszczady was overrun in pre-Roman times by various tribes, including the Celts, Goths and Vandals ( Przeworsk culture and Puchov culture ).

In the late 6th century Goths settled as foederati in parts of Asia Minor.

The Spanish delegation retorted that it was only the lazy and unenterprising Goths who had remained in Sweden, whereas the heroic Goths had left Sweden, invaded the Roman empire and settled in Spain.

Later in the 4th century, a group of Goths arrived in northern Bulgaria and settled in and around Nicopolis ad Istrum.

Hard-pressed by the Huns, the Goths again crossed the Danube during the reign of Valens ( 376 ) and with his permission settled in Moesia.

After they settled, quarrels soon took place, and the Goths under Fritigern defeated Valens in a great battle near Adrianople.

They were driven into exile by King Filimer, when the Goths had settled in Oium ( Ukraine ).

If Varva has ever existed in reality, it might have been situated at the estuary of the Vistula, where the Goths were settled at the time of Dag the Wise.

* Dacia was referred to as Gothia during the fourth century, when it was settled by Goths.

The Moesogoths were a branch of the Goths who settled in Moesia, a region north of Thrace within the Roman Empire.

Though most scholars agree the peoples must have been of Gothic origin, some others have maintained that the so called " Crimean Goths " were in fact West or even North Germanic tribes who settled in the Crimea, culturally and linguistically influenced by the Ostrogoths

Many Crimean Goths were Greek speakers and many non-Gothic Byzantine citizens were settled in the region called " Gothia " by the government in Constantinople.

Oium or Aujum was a name for an area in Scythia, where the Goths under their king Filimer settled after leaving Gothiscandza, according to the Getica by Jordanes, written around 551.

In the Middle Ages, this area was settled by Quadi, Huns, Goths, Gepids, Slavs, Avars, Bulgarians, Pechenegs and Hungarians.

The largest of these contingents was that of the Goths, who in 382, had been allowed to settle within the imperial boundaries, keeping a large degree of autonomy.

Jordanes ' Getica ( c. 560 ), purporting to give the earliest history of the Goths, relates that the Goths ' ancestors, descendants of Magog, originally dwelt within Scythia, on the Sea of Azov between the Dnieper and Don Rivers.

During his reign, the Goths secured control of Illyricum after the Gothic War, establishing their homeland south of the Danube within the empire's borders.

The Goths, though partly tamed by Valens ' successor Theodosius I ( who accepted them once more as allies ), were to remain as a distinct entity within its frontiers ; sometimes allies ; other times enemies.

What followed was two years of political and military manoeuvering, Alaric, king of the Goths, attempting to secure a permanent peace treaty and rights to settle within Roman territory.

The modern historian of the Goths, Herwig Wolfram, summarizes the last seven years of his life, the only ones that we can follow: " within that period he developed from a tribal chief to a late antique statesman.

All four were Germanic peoples, with the Goths, Rugians and Scirii grouped by ethnologists within the East Germanic tribes.

However, within the Goths there were two parties, which grew more and more hostile each other.

When Liuvigild was dead, Leander swiftly returned to Hispania to convoke within the very year ( 589 ) the Third Council of Toledo, where Visigothic Hispania abjured Arianism, and Leander delivered the triumphant closing sermon, which his brother Isidore entitled Homilia de triumpho ecclesiae ob conversionem Gothorum a homily upon the triumph of the Church and the conversion of the Goths.

While the usage " Late Antiquity " suggests that the social and cultural priorities of Classical Antiquity endured throughout Europe into the Middle Ages, the usage of " Early Middle Ages " or " Early Byzantine " emphasizes a break with the classical past, and the term " Migrations Period " tends to de-emphasize the disruptions in the former Western Roman Empire caused by the creation of Germanic kingdoms within her borders beginning with the foedus with the Goths in Aquitania in 418.

Goths attacked the emperor himself, but within a year Alaric was accepted as a leader of Theodosius's Gothic troops and this rebellion was over.

Because of these reasons, even in pre-historic times, cultures such as the Sarmatians, the Celts, the Goths and many others were replacing each other within this region, one by one.

The new emperor, Theodosius I, favored the Goths, giving them many positions within the Roman establishment, at the expense of the Arabs.