Other electors were added in the 17th century, including the Duke of Bavaria ( referred to as the Elector of Bavaria — replacing the Count Palatine of the Rhine, who was of the same family but had lost his title and vote temporarily during the Thirty Years ' War ), and the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg ( the Elector of Hanover-an office subsequently held by three Hanoverian kings of Great Britain, George I, George II, and George III ).

In October 1938, 484 Hanoverian Jews of Polish origin were expelled to Poland, including the Grynszpan family.

Many of those were Jacobites, supporters of the House of Stuart, who regarded themselves as enemies of the Hanoverian King George.

Lord Byron wrote to his publisher that Caroline and Pergami were lovers, and Baron Friedrich Ompteda, a Hanoverian spy, bribed one of Caroline's servants so that he could search her bedroom for proof of adultery.

The island was controlled by the Hanoverian government using a local militia, but the MacDonalds were secretly sympathetic with the Jacobite cause.

It is 30 m high and was built to Flitcroft's design in 1747 – 48 to commemorate the defeat of the Jacobite rebellion, in which Lord Malton and his surviving son took part ; his defensive efforts for the Hanoverian Whig establishment were rewarded with the Lord Lieutenancy of Yorkshire and the title Marquess of Rockingham: thus the monument indirectly reflects the greater glory of the family.

A statue for him can be found in the park at the Coehoornsingel, where in the harsh winter of 1795 English and Hanoverian soldiers were buried who had died while on retreat from advancing French troops.

Here, a reserve corps was formed under Hanoverian General Moltke, and detached towards Leuze where 50 French squadrons under Du Chayla were stationed as a corps of observation.

The allied army consisted of some 53, 000 men in 52 battalions and 85 squadrons of which 22. 000 were Dutch, 21, 000 were British, 8, 000 Hanoverian and 2, 000 Austrians.

In contrast, the Pragmatic army contained some of the better trained and disciplined troops of Europe in the British and Hanoverian contingents but were not blessed with a great captain to command them.

The Hanoverian regiments were on the left of the British lines.

For the Allies there were recriminations with the Dutch getting most of the blame in English accounts with no explanation as to why the Hanoverian advance on Fontenoy failed to occur.

High churchmen and Tories, empowered late in Queen Anne's reign, sought to close this loophole with the passing of the Occasional Conformity Bill in 1711, however the Act was repealed after the Hanoverian Succession with the return to power of the Whigs, who were generally allied with non-conforming Protestants.

They were poised to march into England where they expected a mass Jacobite rebellion to break out that would topple George II and his Hanoverian Dynasty and replace them with the Old Pretender ' James III '.

The use of these grenadier battalions in the counterattack on the Obensburg meant they were no longer available in the center when the main French attacks went in against the Hanoverian center.

The Hanoverian grand battery was able to repulse several of the French attacks but eventually the guns were overrun.

When the Hanoverian reserve infantry arrived on the Obensburg, they were able to turn the tide momentarily, but as the Duke of Cumberland had begun to withdraw his army, they were unable to maintain the now isolated position for long.

George I's five guinea coins were only struck in 1716, 1717, 1720, and 1726, and they bear his abbreviated Hanoverian titles in addition to the usual British, French, and Irish title.

George I's two guinea coins were only struck in 1717, 1720, and 1726, and they bear his abbreviated Hanoverian titles in addition to the usual British, French, and Irish title.

In 1801 the king relinquished his claim on the French throne, and the legend on the reverse was altered to reflect this, and the Hanoverian arms were removed from the coat of arms.

Ernest did not want to rejoin Hanoverian forces, as the Hanoverians were not then involved in the fighting.

The Brandes also conducted business in London and were the apothecaries to the Hanoverian King of England, George III.

His services were too great to be neglected by the new Hanoverian King, and in 1714 he was created Earl of Clare, and in 1715 Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

On the night of the, Paul was murdered in his bedroom in the newly built St Michael's Castle by a band of dismissed officers headed by General Bennigsen, a Hanoverian in the Russian service, and General Yashvil, a Georgian.

Their affection for their college home has even caused President Dickey to comment on this `` place loyalty '' as something rather specially Hanoverian.

Marlborough ( who had crossed the Nebel on a makeshift bridge to take personal control ), ordered Hulsen's Hanoverian battalions to support the Dutch infantry.

(, ), on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony ( Niedersachsen ), Germany and was once by personal union the family seat of the Hanoverian Kings of Great Britain, under their title as the dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg ( later described as the Elector of Hanover ).

He was out of power for most of his career, and became famous for his attacks on the government, such as Walpole's corruption in the 1730s, Hanoverian subsidies in the 1740s, peace with France in the 1760s, and the uncompromising policy toward the American colonies in the 1770s.

Pitt had changed his stance on a number of issues to make himself more acceptable to George, most notably the heated issue of Hanoverian subsidies.

Thackeray also gave lectures in London on the English humourists of the eighteenth century, and on the first four Hanoverian monarchs.

A son of John Murdoch, a former Hanoverian artillery gunner and a Millwright and tenant of Bello Mill on the estate of James Boswell in Auchinleck, he was educated until the age of ten at the Old Cumnock Kirk School before attending Auchinleck school under William Halbert, author of a highly regarded arithmetic textbook.

King George II, accompanied by 25 squadrons of British and Hanoverian cavalry, arrived there on 19 June and took up overall command.

Throughout his travels Marlborough remained in close contact with the Electoral court of Hanover, determined to ensure a bloodless Hanoverian succession on Anne's death.

In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown.

In 1648 the Prince-Bishopric was transformed into the Principality of Verden, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown-interrupted by a Danish occupation ( 1712 – 1715 )-and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown.

The first Hanoverian monarch, George I, relied on his ministers to a greater extent than previous monarchs.

On the death of Johann Matthias Gesner at the University of Göttingen in 1761, the vacant chair was refused first by Ernesti and then by Ruhnken, who persuaded Münchhausen, the Hanoverian minister and principal curator of the university to bestow it on Heyne ( 1763 ).

In 1648 the Prince-Bishopric was transformed into the Principality of Verden, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown-interrupted by a Danish occupation ( 1712 – 1715 )-and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown.

They distrusted the Catholic rural majority because of their disloyalty towards the Hanoverian state, and “ their apparent lack of enthusiasm for the kinds of improved farming that promised to raise the future value of landed property .” The municipal leaders ( mostly Protestant merchants and members of the landed gentry ), however, paid closer attention to the state of urban and rural artisans and tradespeople because of their salutary effect on the commercial economy on which the landowners depended.

Though his family, on both sides, had been devoted to the House of Stuart, Carteret was a steady adherent of the Hanoverian dynasty.

There was some discussion as to whether the Statute of Praemunire meant that no response could be made: the compromises reached included conveying messages on a ' private ' rather than ' official ' level, or going via the Hanoverian minister at London ( responding as King of Hanover ).

After studying at Leipzig and Göttingen he entered the Hanoverian civil service in 1770 as councillor of the board of domains ( Kammerrat ); but, finding his advancement slow, he set out — on the advice of King George III of the United Kingdom — on a series of travels, spending some time at Wetzlar, Regensburg ( where he studied the mechanism of the Imperial government ), Vienna and Berlin.

The next day saw the Hanoverian army holding on a line from Hamelin to Voremberg.