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Hellenistic and astronomers
* The Hellenistic astronomer Ptolemy, in Almagest IV 2, discusses the duration and ratios of several periods related to the Moon, as known to " ancient astronomers " and " the Chaldeans " and improved by Hipparchus.
Alexandria, being the center of the Hellenistic world, produced a number of great mathematicians, astronomers and scientists such as Ctesibius, Pappus and Diophantus.
Between 270 BCE and 500 CE, Hellenistic ( Ctesibius, Hero of Alexandria, Archimedes ) and Roman horologists and astronomers were developing more elaborate mechanized water clocks.

Hellenistic and Hipparchus
Hipparchus of Nicaea, or more correctly Hipparchos (; c. 190 BCc. 120 BC ), was a Greek astronomer, geographer, and mathematician of the Hellenistic period.
An early astrolabe was invented in the Hellenistic world in 150 BC and is often attributed to Hipparchus.
The discovery of the precession of the equinoxes is attributed to Hipparchus, a Greek astronomer active in the later Hellenistic period ( ca.
However, because the globe contains no actual stars, and because the circles on the globe are drawn inexactly and ambiguously by a sculptor copying the Hellenistic model rather than by a modern astronomer, the dating of the globe is still uncertain and its source or sources remain controversial ; Schaefer's conclusions have been strongly contested ( e. g., Dennis Duke, Journal for the History of Astronomy, February, 2006 ) most particularly on the ground that regardless of the globe's date the constellations on it show large disagreements with the only existing work by Hipparchus.
* Greek / Hellenistic :- Hipparchus, Ptolemy

Hellenistic and c
** Koine Greek or Alexandrian, Hellenistic, Common, New Testament Greek, ( c. 330 BC – 330 AD )
* c. 1080 – the Liber pantegni, a compendium of Hellenistic and Islamic medicine, is written in Italy by the Carthaginian Christian Constantine the African, paraphrasing translated passages from the Kitab al-malaki of Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi as well as other Arabic texts.
Hellenistic etiology connects the name with Galatia ( first attested by Timaeus of Tauromenion in the 4th c. BC ), and it was suggested the association was inspired by the " milk-white " skin ( γάλα, gala, " milk ") of the Gauls ( Greek: Γαλάται, Galatai, Galatae ).
* 187 BC – Antiochus III the Great, Seleucid king of the Hellenistic Syrian Empire from 223 BC, who has rebuilt the empire in the East but failed in his attempt to challenge Roman ascendancy in Greece and Anatolia ( b. c. 241 BC )
* Antiochus III the Great, Seleucid king of the Hellenistic Syrian Empire from 223 BC, who has rebuilt the empire in the East but failed in his attempt to challenge Roman ascendancy in Greece and Anatolia ( b. c. 241 BC )
Ancient Greek is the stage of the Greek language in the periods spanning the times c. 9th – 6th centuries BC, ( known as Archaic ), c. 5th – 4th centuries BC ( Classical ), and the c. 3rd century BC – 6th century AD ( Hellenistic ) of ancient Greece and the ancient world ; being predated in the 2nd millennium BC by Mycenaean Greek.
* The Impact of Greek Culture on Normative Judaism from the Hellenistic Period through the Middle Ages c. 330 BCE-1250 CE
In c. 135 BCE, John Hyrcanus, Simon's third son, assumed the leadership and ruled as high priest ( Kohen Gadol ) and took a Greek " regnal name " ( see Hyrcania ) in an acceptance of the Hellenistic culture of his Seleucid suzerains.
* The Impact of Greek Culture on Normative Judaism from the Hellenistic Period through the Middle Ages c. 330 BCE-1250 CE
* c. 250 BCE: Emperor Ashoka the Great sends various Buddhist missionaries to faraway countries, as far as China and the Mon & Malay kingdoms in the east and the Hellenistic kingdoms in the west, in order to make Buddhism known to them.
Philo ( c. 30 BCE – c. 50 CE ) was a leader of the Hellenistic Jewish community in Alexandria, Egypt.
Humans inhabited earth during life and the underworld after death, and the underworld was morally neutral ; only in Hellenistic times ( after c. 330 BCE ) did Jews begin to adopt the Greek idea that it would be a place of punishment for misdeeds, and that the righteous would enjoy an afterlife in heaven.
c. 130 BC ) ( Greek: Ευδοξος ) was a Greek navigator who explored the Arabian Sea for Ptolemy VIII, king of the Hellenistic Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt.
* Koine Greek-also referred to as " the common dialect " or " Alexandrian dialect ", " common Attic " or " Hellenistic Greek "-the universal dialect spoken throughout post-Classical antiquity ( c. 300 BC – 300 AD )
As Antiochia in Commagene, it served as the capital for the Hellenistic kingdom of Commagene from c. 160 BC until it was surrendered to Rome in 72.
* Antiochus IV Epiphanes ( c. 215 – 164 BC ), ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire
The " Callimaque " manuscript ( c. 1939, the text being a French translation of a hymn by Hellenistic poet Callimachus ) is widely regarded as her masterpiece.
Hermesianax of Colophon was an Ancient Greek elegiac poet of the Hellenistic period, said to be a pupil of Philitas of Cos ; the dates of his life and work are all but lost, but Philitas is supposed to have been born c. 340.

Hellenistic and .
In Hellenistic times, especially during the 3rd century BCE, as Apollo Helios he became identified among Greeks with Helios, Titan god of the sun, and his sister Artemis similarly equated with Selene, Titan goddess of the moon.
The marble is a Hellenistic or Roman copy of a bronze original by the Greek sculptor Leochares, made between 350 and 325 BCE.
Following his death and the organisational deterioration of his empire, Asia Minor was ruled by a series of Hellenistic kingdoms which came under Roman control two hundred years later.
Following his death and the breakup of his empire, Anatolia was ruled by a series of Hellenistic kingdoms, much of it being controlled by the Greek Seleucid Empire.
Two hundred years later western and central Anatolia came under Roman control, but it continued to be strongly influenced by Hellenistic culture.
In Western philosophy, the spread of Christianity through the Roman Empire marked the ending of Hellenistic philosophy and ushered in the beginnings of Medieval philosophy, whereas in Eastern philosophy, the spread of Islam through the Arab Empire marked the end of Old Iranian philosophy and ushered in the beginnings of early Islamic philosophy.
" In the version that was offered by the Hellenistic poet Callimachus, which has become the standard setting, Artemis was bathing in the woods when the hunter Actaeon stumbled across her, thus seeing her naked.
Stylistic evidence suggests that the poem ( with most of Plato's other alleged epigrams ) was actually written some time after Plato had died: its form is that of the Hellenistic erotic epigram, which did not become popular until after 300 BC.
He was included in the canonical list of nine lyric poets by the scholars of Hellenistic Alexandria.
At Pergamum there was discovered in 1903 a Hellenistic copy of the head of the Hermes " Propylaeus " of Alcamenes.
Farther, near the terraced road leading to the Temple, situated on the top of the cliff, several houses built in a row dating to the Hellenistic period have been discovered.
Anacharsis the son of Gnurus, a Scythian chief, was half Greek and from a mixed Hellenistic culture, apparently in the region of the Cimmerian Bosporus.
An independent Athens was a minor power in the Hellenistic age ; it rarely had much in the way of foreign policy ; it generally remained at peace, allied either with the Ptolemaic dynasty, or later, with Rome ; when it went to war, the result ( as in the Lamian, Chremonidean, and Mithridatic War ) was usually disastrous.
During the Hellenistic and Roman periods, many of the existing buildings in the area of the Acropolis were repaired, due to damage from age, and occasionally, war.
The second Abbasid caliph, Al Mansur ( 754 – 775 ) founded the city of Baghdad to act as a centre of learning, and included in its design a library-translation centre known as Bayt al-Hikma ‘ Storehouse of Wisdom ’, which continued to receive development from his heirs and was to provide a major impetus for Arabic-Persian translations of Hellenistic astrological texts.
The Hellenistic Jewish philosopher Philo in the early 1st century AD wrote about the destruction of Atlantis in his On the Eternity of the World, xxvi.
It is a handbook of Greek, i. e. Macedonian, drill and tactics as practiced by the Hellenistic successors of Alexander the Great.
In later Hellenistic times, she even assumed the ancient role of Eileithyia in aiding childbirth.
In some versions of the story of Adonis, who was a late addition to Greek mythology during the Hellenistic period, Artemis sent a wild boar to kill Adonis as punishment for his hubristic boast that he was a better hunter than she.
Though associated with the Sassanid Persians and with Mithradates VI Eupator ( who for a time incorporated the city into his empire ), by the late Hellenistic or early Roman period, the star and crescent motif had been associated to some degree with Byzantium.
The visions describe the national crisis that occurred under Antiochus IV Epiphanes, a Seleucid king who attempted to introduce Hellenistic religious practices, including the worship of idols, into the temple and the Jewish religion more generally, sparking outrage from Biblical authors.
Frank Gaebelein argues that the non-existence of other Greek words does not support the theory of Daniel being written in the Hellenistic period.
According to John J. Collins in his 1993 commentary, Daniel, Hermeneia Commentary, the Aramaic in Daniel is of a later form than that used in the Samaria correspondence, but slightly earlier than the form used in the Dead Sea Scrolls, meaning that the Aramaic chapters 2-6 may have been written earlier in the Hellenistic period than the rest of the book, with the vision in chapter 7 being the only Aramaic portion dating to the time of Antiochus.

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