Aristotle accepted the spherical shape of the Earth on empirical grounds around 330 BC, and knowledge of the spherical Earth gradually began to spread beyond the Hellenistic world from then on.

Koine Greek can be initially traced within the armies and conquered territories of Alexander the Great, but after the Hellenistic colonization of the known world, it was spoken from Egypt to the fringes of India.

2 ), which had become predominant in the Hellenistic world, were cherished in the Sasanian court.

As Christianity spread, it acquired certain members from well-educated circles of the Hellenistic world ; they sometimes became bishops, but not always.

Category: Military units and formations of the Hellenistic world

Non-biblical writings about Jews, with references to the role of Moses, first appear at the beginning of the Hellenistic period, the zenith of Greek influence in the ancient world, from 323 BCE to about 146 BCE.

The Attalids, the descendants of Attalus, father of Philetaerus who came to power in 281 BC following the collapse of the Kingdom of Thrace, were among the most loyal supporters of Rome in the Hellenistic world.

The basis for racial mapping, at least in the western world, goes back to the Hellenistic tradition of mapping, where exotic “ other ” people were purported to live in far off lands.

The Carthaginian army in Iberia, excluding the forces in Africa, totaled, according to Polybius, 90, 000 infantry, 12, 000 cavalry and 37 war elephants: it was thus one of the largest in the Hellenistic world and equal in numbers to any that the Romans had yet fielded.

Babylonia or Chaldea in the Hellenistic world came to be so identified with astrology that " Chaldean wisdom " became among Greeks and Romans the synonym of divination through the planets and stars.

According to Josephus, Caligula donned female garb and took part in the mysteries he instituted, and in the Hellenistic age Isis acquired a " new rank as a leading goddess of the Mediterranean world.

For a brief period, after the conquests of Alexander the Great, it became the most powerful state in the world, controlling a territory that included the former Persian empire, stretching as far as the Indus River ; at that time it inaugurated the Hellenistic period of Ancient Greek civilization.

* Alonso-Núñez, J. M., ' Approaches to world history in the Hellenistic period: Dicaearchus and Agatharchides ' Athenaeum 85 ( 1997 ) 53-67

Alexandria, being the center of the Hellenistic world, produced a number of great mathematicians, astronomers and scientists such as Ctesibius, Pappus and Diophantus.

During the 290s BC, Hellenistic civilization begins its emergence throughout the successor states of the former Argead Macedonian Empire of Alexander the Great resulting in the diffusion of Greek culture throughout the Ancient world and advances in Science, mathematics, philosophy and etc.

To Hellenistic intellectual culture and Roman governmental organization are added the emotional life of Christianity and the world of Oriental imagination, the last enveloping all the other three.

Though speaking Greek remained the touchstone of whether one was a member of civilized culture or not, the ethnic diversification of the Hellenistic world is clear.

Having emerged sometime during the 6th century BCE, it flowered during the 5th century BCE ( from the end of which it began to spread throughout the Greek world ), and continued to be popular until the beginning of the Hellenistic period.

The internal organization of the south Illyrian kingdoms points to imitation of their neighboring Greek kingdoms and influence from the Greek and Hellenistic world in the growth of their urban centers.

An early astrolabe was invented in the Hellenistic world in 150 BC and is often attributed to Hipparchus.

The Lemnian cult was always local to Lemnos, but the Samothracian mystery cult spread rapidly throughout the Greek world during the Hellenistic period, eventually initiating Romans.

Stylianos Spyridakis concisely expressed Tyche's appeal in a Hellenistic world of arbitrary violence and unmeaning reverses: " In the turbulent years of the Epigoni of Alexander, an awareness of the instability of human affairs led people to believe that Tyche, the blind mistress of Fortune, governed mankind with an inconstancy which explained the vicissitudes of the time.

In Alexandria the Tychaeon, the temple of Tyche, was described by Libanius as one of the most magnificent of the entire Hellenistic world.

Further editing probably continued into the Hellenistic era, but this view is debated.

Both these very good early references in Cicero ( most ancient Trismegistus material is from early centuries CE ) corroborate the view that Thrice-Great Hermes originated in Hellenistic Egypt through syncretism with Egyptian gods ( the Hermetica refer most often to Thoth and Amun ).

The political life of the classical era is now transformed to an individualized religious and philosophical view of life ( see Hellenistic philosophy and religion ) The demographic decline forced the cities to abolish the status of metic and bestow citizenship ; In 228 BC Miletus enfranchised over 1000 Cretans.

Like other Asharites who believed that faith or taqlid should only apply to Islam and not to any ancient Hellenistic authorities, Ibn al-Haytham's view that taqlid should only apply to prophets of Islam and not to any other authorities formed the basis for much of his scientific skepticism and criticism against Ptolemy and other ancient authorities in his Doubts Concerning Ptolemy and Book of Optics.

In fact, research by the latter scholar ( 1997 ) demonstrates that the Arab copy contains sequences of Greek letters which fell out of use after the time of Christ, thereby strengthening the case that it is a faithful copy of the Hellenistic original, a view recently also shared by the classicist Andrew Wilson ( 2002 ).

Regarding his authorship of a work on the Jews ( utilized by Josephus in Contra Apionem ), it is conjectured that portions of the Aegyptiaca were revised by a Hellenistic Jew from his point of view and published as a special work.

However, Hellenistic astrologers had a very different view of the dignities.

However, scholars such as Samuel Sandmel, professor of Bible and Hellenistic Literature at Hebrew Union College, view conclusions drawn from the simple observations of similarity as less than valid.

The Makuyas stress “ a return to the dynamic faith of the original Gospel of early Hebraic Christianity, as opposed to the dogmatic, institutionalized, European-dominated churches .” In their view, when Biblical religion was introduced to the Hellenistic world, its lively spirit was interpreted within Greek logic and eventually replaced by a set of theological creeds.

The love-romance of the Greek Middle Ages is the result of the fusion of the sophistical Alexandro-Byzantine romance and the medieval French popular romance, on the basis of a Hellenistic view of life and nature.

Stylistic evidence suggests that the poem ( with most of Plato's other alleged epigrams ) was actually written some time after Plato had died: its form is that of the Hellenistic erotic epigram, which did not become popular until after 300 BC.

Further editing was apparently done even after that-the silver quarter-shekel which Saul's servant offers to Samuel in 1 Samuel 9 almost certainly fixes the date of this story in the Persian or Hellenistic periods.

However, " his plays continued to be applauded even after those of Aeschylus and Sophocles had come to seem remote and irrelevant ", they became school classics in the Hellenistic period ( as mentioned in the introduction ) and, due to Seneca's adaptation of his work for Roman audiences, " it was Euripides, not Aeschylus or Sophocles, whose tragic muse presided over the rebirth of tragedy in Renaissance Europe.

Other examples of late Biblical Hebrew include the qetAl pattern form nouns, which would have dated after an Aramaic influence, the frequent use of the relative sh (- ש ) alongside asher ( אשר ), the Ut ending ( ות -), the frequent use of the participle for the present ( which is later developed in Rabbinic Hebrew ), using the prefix conjugation in the future ( vs. the older preterite use ), and terms that appear to specifically fit a Persian / Hellenistic context ( e. g. Shallit ).

The only other astronomer from antiquity known by name who supported Aristarchus ' heliocentric model was Seleucus of Seleucia, a Hellenistic astronomer who lived a century after Aristarchus.

A Hellenistic or Roman copy after a Late Classical original is at the Archaeological Museum of Olympia.

Although the empire fractured into multiple Hellenic regimes shortly after his death, his conquests left a lasting legacy, not least in the new Greek-speaking cities founded across Persia's western territories, heralding the Hellenistic period.

Since Shavuot occurs 50 days after Passover, Hellenistic Jews gave it the name Pentecost ( πεντηκοστή, " fiftieth day ").

As such Ionia enjoyed a great prosperity during the Hellenistic times with the notable exception of Miletus, which, being the only city of the Ionian League to deny to pay homage to Alexander, was finally leveled after a long siege at 334 BC, and never restored to its previous splendor.

After the Iron Age the periods are named after the various empires that ruled the region: Assyrian, Babylonian, Persian, Greek ( Hellenistic ) and Roman.

* Alexander the Great, head from a Hellenistic copy of a statue, possibly after a 4th century BC original by Lysippos is made.

She was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, a family of Greek origin that ruled Egypt after Alexander the Great's death during the Hellenistic period.

The Egyptian Priest and Polymath Imhotep had been deified long after his death and therefore assimilated to Thoth in the classical and Hellenistic period.

The only other astronomer of antiquity who is known by name and who is known to have supported Aristarchus ' heliocentric model was Seleucus of Seleucia, a Hellenistic astronomer who lived a century after Aristarchus.

However, he insisted Demetrius would become king, knowing that Rome would never tolerate a unified Hellenistic state, and the year after Ptolemy VI was killed when Alexander Balas made a last desperate attempt to regain his throne.

During the Hellenistic period, a major trend in Greek-language poetry was to reject epics modelled after Homer.

During the Hellenistic period, which marks the decline of the classical polis, the following cities remained independent: Sparta until 195 BC after the War against Nabis.

He was the son of Euthydemus and succeeded him around 200 BC, after which he conquered extensive areas in what now is eastern Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan thus creating an Indo-Greek kingdom far from Hellenistic Greece.

100 CE ), after Antiochus IV's successful invasion of Ptolemaic Egypt was turned back by the intervention of the Roman Republic, Antiochus instead moved to assert strict control over Israel, sacking Jerusalem and its Temple, suppressing Jewish religious and cultural observances, and imposing Hellenistic practices.

It remained in the polytonic orthography even after the Hellenistic period, when the sound disappeared from the Greek language.

The most accepted explanation is that the name for the, then Syrian ( now Turkish ), Hellenistic city of Antioch on the Orontes ( Arabic: Antākiyyah, today Antakya ) was used, as the region known as the Coffee Zone in Colombia, in which many towns and cities are named after cities in the middle east, has a very strong Judeo-Arabic influence, both demographically and culturally ; Additionally the city in mention played a significant role in the development of early Christian communities thus religiously important for Roman Catholic Spaniard conquerors.