When India became part of the British Empire, there was a break in tradition, and Hindu and Islamic law were supplanted by the common law.

Contemporary Hindu eschatology is linked in the Vaishnavite tradition to the figure of Kalki, or the tenth and last avatar of Vishnu before the age draws to a close, and Shiva simultaneously dissolves and regenerates the universe.

Typically, in the later Vedic age, a Hindu king ( Maharajah ) was only called Samrāṭ after performing the Vedic Rājasūya sacrifice, enabling him by religious tradition to claim superiority over the other kings and princes.

The Buddhist tradition deems it to be the footprint of the Buddha, in Hindu tradition that of Shiva and in Muslim and Christian tradition that of Adam.

It was the erosion of this tradition coupled with increased brutality and centralization that played a large part in the dynasty's downfall after Aurangzeb, who unlike previous emperors, imposed relatively non-pluralistic policies on the general population, which often inflamed the majority Hindu population.

In contrast to Carnatic music, the other main Indian classical music tradition originating from the South, Hindustani music was not only influenced by ancient Hindu musical traditions, historical Vedic philosophy and native Indian sounds but also enriched by the Persian performance practices of the Mughals.

India has one of the oldest musical traditions in the world — references to Indian classical music ( marga ) are found in the Vedas, ancient scriptures of the Hindu tradition.

In the Shaivite tradition, the Shri Rudram ( Sanskrit श ् र ि र ु द ् रम ्), to which the Chamakam ( चमकम ्) is added by scriptural tradition, is a Hindu stotra dedicated to Rudra ( an epithet of Shiva ), taken from the Yajurveda ( TS 4. 5, 4. 7 ).

Both the Rana dynasty and Shah dynasty are Rajput caste in the Hindu tradition, in contrast with the native Himalayan culture which is largely Buddhist and Bön.

All mythological creatures of the Japanese cultural tradition, of the Buddhistic tradition, Christian God, Hindu gods, Islamic Allah, various angels and demons of all faiths among others are considered Kami for the purpose of Shinto faith.

Within Hindu philosophy, there is a solid and ancient tradition of philosophical speculation on the nature of the universe, of God ( termed " Brahman " in some schools of Hindu thought ) and of the Atman ( soul ).

* According to Hindu tradition, lifetime of Rama, the 7th Avatar of Vishnu

As popular tourist destinations in Karnataka, Hoysala temples offer an opportunity for pilgrims and students of architecture to examine medieval Hindu architecture in the Karnata Dravida tradition.

Hoysala temples were not limited to any specific organised tradition of Hinduism and encouraged pilgrims of different Hindu devotional movements.

The Hindu tradition of Brahmacharya places great emphasis on abstinence as a way of harnessing the energy of body and mind towards the goal of spiritual realization.

While sexual practices do exist within the very wide tradition of Hindu Tantra, the Kama Sutra is not a Tantric text, and does not touch upon any of the sexual rites associated with some forms of Tantric practice.

According to Hindu tradition, the Ramayana takes place during a period of time known as Treta Yuga.

By tradition, the text belongs to the Treta Yuga, second of the four eons ( yuga ) of Hindu chronology.

The Hindu scripture Shiva Purana describes the worship of the lingam as originating in the loss and recovery of Shiva's phallus, though it also describes the origin of the lingam as the beginning-less and endless pillar ( Stambha ).

The accounts also describes a misunderstood form of the " hook-swinging " ritual once commonly performed as part of some popular Hindu religious festivals.

Zhal. Ph ' reng (" the immaculate crystal garland ") describes the origin of amrit in a version of the Hindu " ocean-churning " legend re-told in Buddhist terms.

" hearing, listening "), often spelled sruti or sruthi mainly in South India, is a term that describes the sacred texts comprising the central canon of Hinduism and is one of the three main sources of dharma and therefore is also influential within Hindu Law.

In 1890 he travelled to Ceylon and India to spend time with the Hindu teacher called Gnani, who he describes his work Adam's Peak to Elephanta.

A modern researcher describes the Sabha's philosophy as modern middle-class ( bourgeois ) Vedanta .< ref >< 2007: Brian Hatcher " Journal of American Academy of Religion "</ ref > Among its first members were the " two giants of Hindu reformation and Bengal Renaissance, Akshay Kumar Datta " who in 1839 emerged from the life of an anonymous squalor-beset individual " and Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar the " indigenous modernizer ".

The Christian Syriac legend describes a flat Earth orbited by the sun and surrounded by the Paropamisadae ( Hindu Kush ) mountains.

Lehman criticizes the volume's implications that Muslims living under " Hindu rule " was " the worst disaster in the history of Islam in South Asia ", a view he describes as ' consistent with the Two-Nation Theory ', but one that he finds " disquieting ".

Belgian writer Koenraad Elst sees Oak's claim as an example of " funny attempts at compensation " within a " Hindu inferiority complex " arising from what he describes as a crackdown by " arrogant Leftists " on Hindutva following the murder of Gandhi.

A Muslim officer of Mysore army in his diary and as edited by Ghulam Muhammad Sultan Sahib, only surviving son of Tipu Sultan, describes it as ; In the following Mysorean rule of Malabar, Mappilas were favoured against the Hindu landlords of the region and the most notable advantage for the community during this time is the grant of customary rights for the Mappila tenants over their land.

The term " sacred feminine " was first coined in the 1970s, in New Age popularizations of the Hindu Shakti.

The Hindu religion held cows sacred, and for Muslims pork was considered Haraam.

Aluk or Aluk To Dolo a sect of Agama Hindu Dharma as a part of religion in Indonesia, within the Toraja society and the people of Tana Toraja, embrace religious rituals such as the funeral ceremony where a sacred cockfight is an integral part of the religious ceremony and considered sacred within that spiritual realm.

* Shambo a black Friesian bull living in the Hindu Skanda Vale Temple near Llanpumsaint in Wales ( 2001 – 2007 ), who had been adopted by the local Hindu community as a sacred animal

In cases where a religious ceremony is present, a Brahmin ( Hindu priest ) arranges a sacred yajna ( fire-sacrifice ), and the sacred fire ( Agni ) is considered the prime witness ( sākshī ) of the marriage.

In India, ghee has been a symbol of purity and an offering to the gods — especially Agni, the Hindu god of fire — for more than 3000 years ; references to ghee's sacred nature appear numerous times in the Rigveda, circa 1500 – 1200 BCE.

The common name " datura " has its roots in ancient India, where the plant was considered particularly sacred — believed to be a favorite of the Hindu god Shiva Nataraja.

Hindu ointments also include ashes, clay, wood ( particularly sandal-wood ) powders, herbal pastes, as well as endless waters, from sacred rivers or scented with saffron, tumeric, or flower-waters such as jasmine, gardenia, rose-water or infusions.

They come to Mayapore, a desolate village in northern India, where the poor villagers believe them to have been sent by the Hindu god Shiva and enlist their help to retrieve the sacred Sivalinga stone stolen from their shrine, as well as the community's children, from evil forces in the nearby Pankot Palace.

" In the Buddhist and Hindu religious traditions sacred art often takes a mandala form.

Mount Meru (), also called Sumeru i. e. the " Excellent Meru " and Mahameru i. e. " Great Meru ", is a sacred mountain in Jain cosmology, Hindu as well as Buddhist cosmology and is considered to be the center of all the physical, metaphysical and spiritual universes.

It is sometimes identified with the legendary drug soma, as described in the Avesta and the Rig Veda, the respective ancient sacred texts of the Zoroastrian and Hindu faiths.

This is a quote from Mundaka Upanishad, the concluding part of the sacred Hindu Vedas.

" A Hindu temple-sculpture from the sacred caverns of the island of Elephanta, near Mumbai in India, showing this position with the man actually standing, and holding the woman hanging down in this from his shoulders, was … brought to England in the late eighteenth century ….

As the sacred texts of ancient Hindu and Buddhist philosophy became available in German translations in the 18th and 19th centuries, they influenced philosophers such as Schopenhauer to hold that in a healthy mind only deeds oppress our conscience, not wishes and thoughts ; " for it is only our deeds that hold us up to the mirror of our will "; the good conscience, thought Schopenhauer, we experience after every disinterested deed arises from direct recognition of our own inner being in the phenomenon of another, it affords us the verification " that our true self exists not only in our own person, this particular manifestation, but in everything that lives.

The sociologist Lewis F. Carter saw his ideas as rooted in Hindu advaita, in which the human experiences of separateness, duality and temporality are held to be a kind of dance or play of cosmic consciousness in which everything is sacred, has absolute worth and is an end in itself.

At that time also Rangoli are drawn, decorative designs on floors of living rooms and courtyards during Hindu festivals that are meant as a sacred welcoming area for the luck.

Harris also discusses the cow as a sacred animal and taboo food in Hindu culture.

Bennett himself would later display an extraordinary talent for languages, which enabled him to talk with many spiritual teachers in their native tongues, and to study Hindu, Buddhist, Islamic and Christian sacred texts in their original forms.

Om or ( written universally as ; in Devanagari as oṃ, auṃ, or om ) is a mystical Sanskrit sound of Hindu origin, sacred and important in various Dharmic religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.