An allocution of the Pope often takes the place of a manifesto when a struggle between the Holy See and the secular powers has reached an acute stage.

These include: Albania, Afghanistan Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chad, Chile, the People's Republic of China, Côte d ' Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, DR Congo, Egypt, East Timor, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Holy See ( Vatican City ), Honduras, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Libya, Malta, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Norway, Netherlands, Nigeria, Oman, Order of Malta, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Serbia, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Uruguay, and Vietnam.

Like an abbot, after being confirmed in her office by the Holy See, an abbess is solemnly admitted to her office by a formal blessing, conferred by the bishop in whose territory the monastery is located, or by an abbot or another bishop with appropriate permission.

Category: Diplomats of the Holy See

Category: Diplomats of the Holy See

He was a key figure in the Danish policies of territorial expansion in the Baltic Sea, Europeanization in close relationship with the Holy See, and reform in the relation between the Church and the public.

Absalon reformed the Danish church organisation to closer match Holy See praxis, and worked to keep Denmark a close ally of the Holy See.

But, her will was invalidated by Parlement in 1274 One specific bequest in Alphonse's will, giving his wife's lands in the Comtat Venaissin to the Holy See, was allowed, and it became a Papal territory, a status that it retained until 1791.

Since 1972, the Roman Catholic Church uses the name " Anointing of the Sick " both in the English translations issued by the Holy See of its official documents in Latin and in the English official documents of Episcopal conferences.

The ecclesiastical Abbreviators were officials of the Holy See, among the principal officials of the Apostolic Chancery, which is one of the oldest and most important offices in the Roman Curia.

In the pontificate of Pius II, their number, which had been fixed at twenty-four, had overgrown to such an extent as to diminish considerably the individual remuneration, and, as a consequence, able and competent men no longer sought the office, and hence the old style of writing and expediting the Bulls was no longer used, to the great injury of justice, the interested parties, and the dignity of the Holy See.

The Archbishopric of Riga (, ) was an archbishopric in Medieval Livonia, a subject to the Holy See.

The papal nuncio usually solicits names from the bishops of a country, and then selects three to be forwarded to the Holy See.

However, since the 1930s, Utrecht Old Catholic bishops ( recognised by the Holy See as validily ordained ) have sometimes taken part in the ordination of Anglican bishops.

According to the writer Timothy Dufort, by 1969, all Church of England bishops had acquired Old Catholic lines of apostolic succession recognised by the Holy See.

Whilst it does recognise the validity of the orders of certain groups which separated from communion with Holy See.

There are also other reasons why the Holy See does not recognise the validity of the orders of the Independent clergy:

Whilst members of the Independent Catholic movement take seriously the issue of valid orders, it is highly significant that the relevant Vatican Congregations tend not to respond to petitions from Independent Catholic bishops and clergy who seek to be received into communion with the Holy See, hoping to continue in some sacramental role.

Pope Benedict VIII during his visit to Bamberg ( 1020 ) placed the diocese in direct dependence on the Holy See.

Giovanni Battista Bugatti, executioner of the Papal States between 1796 and 1865, list of people executed by the Holy See | carried out 516 executions ( Bugatti pictured offering snuff to a condemned prisoner ).

Alphonsus Maria de Liguori ( d. 1787 ), founder of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, then brought some attention back to casuistry by publishing again Hermann Busembaum's Medulla Theologiae Moralis ; the last edition published in 1785 and receiving the approbation of the Holy See in 1803.

Following an interpretation of, for instance,, adherents of the Born again concept believe that when a person accepts Jesus as the Messiah and receives the Holy Spirit, a radical " change of heart " occurs.

It accepts as valid a confirmation conferred within churches, such as the Eastern Orthodox Church, whose Holy Orders it sees as valid through the apostolic succession of their bishops.

# Firmly accepts and teaches the fundamental evangelical doctrines of the inspiration of the Bible, the personality of the Holy Spirit, the virgin birth, the deity of Christ, the sin-pardoning value of his atonement, his resurrection from the tomb, ascension and personal and visible return ; and the resurrection, both of the just and unjust ( John 5: 28 – 29 ; 1 Thess.

The present day Church of God of Prophecy officially accepts the Bible as God ’ s Holy Word, inspired, inerrant, and infallible and as the highest authority in matters of faith and practice.

Experts consider it wrong to identify this institution of political control with the part of the Church in China that accepts or tolerates its control, some of whose bishops the Holy See recognizes as in full communion with it.

* 1135: Boleslaw accepts the superiority of Holy Roman Emperor Lothair, who in turn grants him Pomerania as a fief, including the Oder area and the principality of Rügen which had not been subjugated yet.

The religion accepts the Apostles ' Creed, believes in the sacramental nature of Holy Communion and baptism, considers the Bible as the authority of the Word of God, the next coming of Christ and the gifts of the Holy Spirit.

He was against all speculation regarding whether or not an individual accepts the prompting of the Holy Spirit.

However, in the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed, " Christ was conceived of the Holy Spirit and of the Virgin Mary ," thus the foundation of the definition according to the Non-Chalcedonian adherents, according to the Christology of Cyril of Alexandria is valid.

In the mind of the Holy See, the Old Catholic Church of Utrecht had maintained apostolic succession and its clergy thus celebrated valid sacraments in every respect.

Ciro Benedettini of the Holy See Press Office, who was responsible for publicly issuing, during the press conference, the communique on Milingo, stated to reporters that any ordinations the excommunicated Milingo had performed prior to his laicization were " illicit but valid ", while any subsequent ordinations would be invalid.

Another important officer is the defender of the bond, another canon lawyer whose job is to present reasons to the tribunal why a marriage is valid in cases of alleged nullity and why an ordination is valid in the rare cases of alleged nullity of Holy Orders.

However, the society's superior general has said that the Holy See in practice gives some recognition to the legal and valid existence and ministry of the Society priests.

Oneness believers believe that for water baptism to be valid, one must be baptized in the name of Jesus, rather than the mainstream baptismal formula in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.

Most Christians belong to denominations that recognize church history as at least partially inspired by the Holy Spirit, so they tend to see the formula as valid even if not spoken by Jesus himself.

Ordination can be administered only by a bishop in Apostolic Succession ( valid ), and should only be accomplished by a bishop who is properly authorized by the Holy See ( licit ).

The Catholic Church teaches that only corporate bodies of Christians led by bishops with valid Holy Orders can be recognized as " churches " in the proper sense.

" The Holy See has continued to consider the episcopal ordinations in China fully valid.

" The clergy whom they ordain therefore conserve valid Holy Orders, and the other sacraments that require a priest as minister ( in particular the Eucharist ) are also considered valid.

If a person has a valid reason not to attend Mass ( Masses not available on Saturdays, difficult mobilization, other major event ), a priest can be inquired ( preferably before ) about receiving the Holy Communion other days.

This canon allows Catholics who are unable to approach a Catholic minister to receive, under certain conditions, the sacraments of Reconciliation, Eucharist and Anointing of the Sick from " non-Catholic ministers ministers in whose Churches these sacraments are valid ", and declares it licit for Catholic priests to administer the same three sacraments to members of Churches which the Holy See judges to be in the same condition in regard to the sacraments as the Eastern Churches, if they ask for the sacraments of their own accord and are properly disposed.

In 1532, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor with the Constitutio Criminalis Carolina produced a foundation for this principle of law, which remained valid in the Holy Roman Empire until the end of the 17th century.

Ciro Benedettini of the Holy See Press Office, who was responsible for publicly issuing, during the press conference, the communique on Milingo, stated to reporters that any ordinations the excommunicated Milingo had performed prior to his laicization were " illicit but valid ", while any subsequent ordinations would be invalid.

On 17 January 2001 the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith declared that the Holy Qurbana of Addai and Mari, a probably second-century anaphora in which the Words of Institution are not spoken, " can be considered valid.