He is a significant figure in Homer's Iliad and is also mentioned in the Odyssey and Virgil's Aeneid.

It is crucial, however, not to underestimate the creative and transforming power of subsequent tradition: for instance, Achilles, the most important character of the Iliad, is strongly associated with southern Thessaly, but his legendary figure is interwoven into a tale of war whose kings were from the Peloponnese.

Agamemnon, Diomedes, and other heroes from Argolís ’ s fertile plain figure prominently in the Iliad of Homer.

In Homer's Iliad he is portrayed as an energetic and impetuous warrior, but in medieval literature he becomes a witty and licentious figure who facilitates the affair between Troilus and Cressida.

Although the sea-nymph Thetis appears only at the beginning and end of the Iliad, being absent for much of the middle, she is a surprisingly powerful and nearly omniscient figure when she is present.

Odysseus, who is a recurrent figure of interest in the Little Iliad, ambushes the Trojan prophet Helenus and captures him ; Helenus then reveals three new prophecies concerning the preconditions for the Greeks ' conquest of Troy, notably, that the city will not fall while it harbours the Palladium.

A figure, Argeas, is mentioned in the Iliad, raising the possibility that the Macedonian kings ( like many other Mediterranean populations ) derived their genealogy from Trojan War heroes.

The first line of Homer ’ s Iliad —“ Sing, goddess, the wrath of Peleus ’ son Achilles ”— provides an example:

Laura Slatkin explores the apparent contradiction, in that the immediate presentation of Thetis in the Iliad is as a helpless minor goddess overcome by grief and lamenting to her Nereid sisters, and links the goddess's present and past through her grief.

Neither Homer nor Virgil gives the reader any foreshadowing of Diomedes's death except for a passage in the Iliad in which Dione, Aphrodite's mother, comforts the goddess of love ( after she has been injured by Diomedes ), telling her daughter that " the man who fights the gods does not live long " and will not be welcomed home from war by his children on his lap ( 5. 407-409 ).

In the course of the hunt and its aftermath, many of the hunters turned upon one another, contesting the spoils, and so the Goddess continued to be revenged ( Kerenyi, 114 ): " But the goddess again made a great stir of anger and crying battle, over the head of the boar and the bristling boar's hide, between Kouretes and the high-hearted Aitolians " ( Homer, Iliad, ix. 543 ).

Dione () was a Greek goddess primarily known as the mother of Aphrodite in Book V of Homer's Iliad.

After the Iliad, Aphrodite herself was sometimes referred to as Dionaea and even Dione. The Roman goddess Diana has a similar etymology and was worshipped in a vaguely similar way but is not otherwise connected with Dione.

In Greek mythology, Calliope ( ; Kalliopē " beautiful-voiced ") was the muse of epic poetry, daughter of Zeus and Mnemosyne, and is believed to be Homer's muse, the inspiration for the Odyssey and the Iliad .< ref > This belief in the goddess's identify, however, really cannot be proved from the text of the < i > Iliad </ i >, because there is no evidence as to the referent of θεά ( goddess ).

the verse of Beowulf or of The Iliad and The Odyssey was not easy to create but was not impossible for poets who had developed their talents perforce in earning a livelihood.

The function of Apollo as a " healer " is connected with Paean ( Παιών-Παιήων ), the physician of the Gods in the Iliad, who seems to come from a more primitive religion.

In Iliad, his priest prays to Apollo Smintheus, the mouse god who retains an older agricultural function as the protector from field rats.

Most notably, Ajax is not wounded in any of the battles described in the Iliad, and he is the only principal character on either side who does not receive personal assistance from any of the gods who take part in the battles.

In Homer's Iliad, when Alcmene was about to give birth to Heracles, Zeus announced to all the gods that on that day a child, descended from Zeus himself, would be born who would rule all those around him.

In the Iliad, the Amazons were referred to as Antianeirai (" those who fight like men ").

Albrecht Altdorfer's depiction of the moment in 333 BC when Alexander the Great routed Darius III for supremacy in Asia Minor is vast in ambition, sweeping in scope, vivid in imagery, rich in symbols, and obviously heroic — the Iliad of painting, as literary critic Friedrich Schlegel suggested In the painting, a swarming cast of thousands of soldiers surround the central action: Alexander on his white steed, leading two rows of charging cavalrymen, dashes after a fleeing Darius, who looks anxiously over his shoulder from a chariot.

This may take the form of a purpose ( as in Milton, who proposed " to justify the ways of God to men "); of a question ( as in the Iliad, which Homer initiates by asking a Muse to sing of Achilles ' anger ); or of a situation ( as in the Song of Roland, with Charlemagne in Spain ).

The other Strife is presumably she who appears in Homer's Iliad Book IV ; equated with Enyo as sister of Ares and so presumably daughter of Zeus and Hera:

A formulaic oath in the Iliad invokes them as " those who beneath the earth punish whosoever has sworn a false oath ".

Heinrich's later interest in history was initially encouraged by his father, who had schooled him in the tales of the Iliad and the Odyssey and had given him a copy of Ludwig Jerrer's Illustrated History of the World for Christmas in 1829.

The association with Chios dates back to at least Semonides of Amorgos, who cited a famous line in the Iliad ( 6. 146 ) as by " the man of Chios ".

Another story is the one of his love for Nireus, who was " the most beautiful man who came beneath Ilion " ( Iliad, 673 ).

There is also mention of an Alaksandu, suggested to be Paris Alexander ( King Priam's son from the Iliad ), a later ruler of the city of Wilusa who established peace between Wilusa and Hatti ( see the Alaksandu treaty ).

Homer's Iliad describes Greek and Trojan soldiers offering rewards of wealth to enemies who have defeated them on the battlefield in exchange for mercy, but this is not always accepted.

Blegen dubbed the remains of a large Mycenean palace excavated there the Palace of Nestor, after the Homeric ruler Nestor, who ruled over " Sandy Pylos " in the Iliad.

From Cronus, of the race of Titans, the Olympian gods have their birth, and Hera mentions twice in Iliad book XIV her intended journey " to the ends of the generous earth on a visit to Oceanus, whence the gods have risen, and Tethys our mother who brought me up kindly in their own house.

When Odysseus and Nestor walk together along the shore of the sounding sea ( Iliad IX. 182 ) their prayers are addressed " to the great Sea-god who girdles the world.

Late mythographers, such as the author of the Bibliotheca and Servius, describe the Thracian king Rhesus, who appears in the Iliad, as son of Euterpe and the river-god Strymon ; Homer calls him son of Eioneus.

She was already mentioned in Homer's Iliad which relates her prideful hubris, for which she was punished by Leto, who sent Apollo and Artemis, with the loss of all her children, and her nine days of abstention from food during which time her children lay unburied.

They appear in Homer's Iliad in Book 9 as the lame and wrinkled daughters of Zeus ( no mother named and no number given ) who follow after Zeus ' exiled daughter Até (' Folly ') as healers but who cannot keep up with the fast-running Até.

He is not mentioned elsewhere in the Iliad, but it seems that in the lost Aethiopis, Achilles eventually killed him " for having torn out the eyes of the Amazon Penthesilea that the hero had just killed in combat.

For instance, the words of Tyrtaeus 10. 1 – 2 (" For it is a fine thing for a man having fallen nobly amid the fore-fighters to die, fighting on behalf of the fatherland ") undoubtedly echo Hector's speech in 15. 494 – 7 of Homer's Iliad.

Three years after his death appeared also the last twelve books of the Iliad, published by his son Samuel Clarke, the first three of these books and part of the fourth having, as he states, been revised and annotated by his father.

The city is mentioned in Homer's Iliad as having participated in the Trojan War with thirty ships under Asclepius ' sons Machaon and Podalirius.

Guitarist Jason Hodges and original vocalist Mark Snedden formed the band as Iliad in 1998 having previously played together in Oracle in the early 1990s.

The reference to Phthia is itself a reference to Homer's Iliad ( ix. 363 ), when Achilles, upset at having his war-prize, Briseis, taken by Agamemnon, rejects Agamemnon's conciliatory presents and threatens to set sail in the morning ; he says that with good weather he might arrive on the third day " in fertile Phthia " — his home.

They are mentioned in book two of the Iliad as having joined the war on the side of the Trojans, led by Euphemos.