The Catholic Encyclopedia ( 1909 ) called this confusion a " distortion of the true facts " and suggested that it arose because the " Liber Pontificalis ", which at this point may be registering a reliable tradition, says that this Felix built a church on the Via Aurelia, which is where the Roman martyr of an earlier date was buried.

He also drew on Josephus's Antiquities, and the works of Cassiodorus, and there was a copy of the Liber Pontificalis in Bede's monastery.

The Liber Pontificalis ( Latin for Book of the Popes ) is a book of biographies of popes from Saint Peter until the 15th century.

The original publication of the Liber Pontificalis stopped with Pope Adrian II ( 867 – 872 ) or Pope Stephen V ( 885 – 891 ), but it was later supplemented in a different style until Pope Eugene IV ( 1431 – 1447 ) and then Pope Pius II ( 1458 – 1464 ).

Although quoted virtually uncritically from the 8th to 18th century, the Liber Pontificalis has undergone intense modern scholarly scrutiny as an " unofficial instrument of pontifical propaganda.

" Some scholars have even characterized the Liber Pontificalis, like the works of Pseudo-Isidore and the Donation of Constantine, as a tool used by the medieval papacy to represent itself " as a primitive institution of the church, clothed with absolute and perpetual authority.

The title Liber Pontificalis goes back to the 12th century, although it only became current in the 15th century, and the canonical title of the work since the edition of Duchesne in the 19th century.

Rabanus Maurus ( left ) was the first to attribute the Liber Pontificalis to Jerome | Saint Jerome.

Martin of Opava continued the Liber Pontificalis into the 13th century.

Eusebius of Caesarea may have continued the Liber Pontificalis into the 4th century.

The modern interpretation, following that of Louis Duchesne, who compiled the major scholarly edition, is that the Liber Pontificalis was gradually and unsystematically compiled, and that the authorship is impossible to determine, with a few exceptions ( e. g. the biography of Pope Stephen II ( 752 – 757 ) to papal " Primicerius " Christopher ; the biographies of Pope Nicholas I and Pope Adrian II ( 867 – 872 ) to Anastasius ).

Duchesne and others have viewed the beginning of the Liber Pontificalis up until the biographies of Pope Felix III ( 483 – 492 ) as the work of a single author, who was a contemporary of Pope Anastasius II ( 496-498 ), relying on Catalogus Liberianus, which in turn draws from the papal catalogue of Hippolytus of Rome, and the Leonine Catalogue, which is no longer extant.

Most scholars believe the Liber Pontificalis was first compiled in the 5th or 6th century.

Because of the use of the vestiarium, the records of the papal treasury, some have hypothesized that the author of the early Liber Pontificalis was a clerk of the papal treasury.

Edward Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire ( 1788 ) summarised the scholarly consensus as being that the Liber Pontificalis was composed by " apostolic librarians and notaries of the viii < sup > th </ sup > and ix < sup > th </ sup > centuries " with only the most recent portion being composed by Anastasius.

Duchesne and others believe that the author of the first addition to the Liber Pontificalis was a contemporary of Pope Silverius ( 536 – 537 ), and that the author of another ( not necessarily the second ) addition was a contemporary of Pope Conon ( 686 – 687 ), with later popes being added individually and during their reigns or shortly after their deaths.

The Liber Pontificalis originally only contained the names of the bishops of Rome and the durations of their pontificates.

Pope Adrian II ( 867 – 872 ) is the last pope for which there are extant manuscripts of the original Liber Pontificalis: the biographies of Pope John VIII, Pope Marinus I, and Pope Adrian III are missing and the biography of Pope Stephen V ( 885 – 891 ) is incomplete.

It was only in the 12th century that the Liber Pontificalis was systematically continued, although papal biographies exist in the interim period in other sources.

Duchesne refers to the 12th century work by Petrus Guillermi in 1142 at the monastery of St. Gilles ( Diocese of Reims ) as the Liber Pontificalis of Petrus Guillermi ( son of William ).

Guillermi's version is mostly copied from other works with small additions or excisions from the papal biographies of Pandulf, nephew of Hugo of Alatri, which in turn was copied almost verbatim from the original Liber Pontificalis ( with the notable exception of the biography of Pope Leo IX ), then from other sources until Pope Honorius II ( 1124 – 1130 ), and with contemporary information from Pope Paschal II ( 1099 – 1118 to Pope Urban II ( 1088 – 1099 ).

Independently, the cardinal-nephew of Pope Adrian IV, Cardinal Boso intended to extend the Liber Pontificalis from where it left off with Stephen V, although his work was only published posthumously as the Gesta Romanorum Pontificum alongside the Liber Censuum of Pope Honorius III.

The two collections of papal biographies of the 15th century remain independent, although they may have been intended to be continuations of the Liber Pontificalis.

Theodor Mommsen's 1898 edition of the Liber Pontificalis terminates in 715.

The Liber Pontificalis records that Boniface made certain enactments relative to the rights of sanctuary, and that he ordered the ecclesiastical notaries to obey the laws of the empire on the subject of wills.

With the exception of the Liber Linteus, the only written records of Etruscan origin that remain are inscriptions, mainly funerary.

The common belief that he served three rather than four times as Lord Mayor stems from the City's records ' Liber Albus ' compiled at his request by the City Clerk John Carpenter wherein his name appears only three times as the remainder term of his deceased predecessor Adam Bamme and his own consequent term immediately afterwards appear as one entry for 1397.

Robert records that Urban promised remission of sins for those who went to the east, although the ' Liber Lamberti ', a source based on the notes of Bishop Lambert of Arras, who attended the Council, indicates that Urban offered the remission of all penance due from sins, what later came to be called an indulgence.

Cathedral records state that his uncle, Juan Luis, presented Victoria ’ s Liber Primus to the church while reminding them that Victoria had been brought up in the Ávila Cathedral.

The Liber Pontificalis, an early record of the lives of Popes, records the arrival of their party: " in his time, two kings of the Saxons came with many others to pray to the apostles ; just as they were hoping, their lives quickly came to an end.

The Liber Eliensis records that his widow gave the Cathedral a tapestry or hanging celebrating his deeds, presumably in the style of the Bayeux Tapestry, the only surviving example of such a work.

He carried away with him the diocesan records, two of which deserve special mention: ( 1 ) " Registrum Vetus Ecclesiae Cathedralis Glasguensis ", in handwriting of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, and ( 2 ) " Liber Ruber Ecclesiae Glasguensis ", with entries from about 1400 to 1476.

In the Liber Abaci, Fibonacci says the following introducing the so-called " Modus Indorum " or the method of the Indians, today known as Arabic numerals.

J. Łukawski, the publisher of Liber beneficiorum by J. Ławski, placed a footnote on page 478, with the following account: " When Piotr of Kutno came to Poland in the year 997, he founded Kutno in memory of his manor house in the Czechia.

An anonymous work of 727 called Liber Historiae Francorum states that following the fall of Troy, 12, 000 Trojans led by chiefs Priam and Antenor moved to the Tanais ( Don ) river, settled in Pannonia near the Sea of Azov and founded a city called Sicambria.

The only other major contemporary source is the Liber Historiae Francorum, an anonymous adaptation of Gregory's work apparently ignorant of Fredegar's chronicle: its author ( s ) ends with a reference to Theuderic IV's sixth year, which would be 727.

The Liberian Catalogue and the Liber Pontificalis date Linus's episcopate to 56 – 67 during the reign of Nero, but Jerome dates it to 67 – 78, and Eusebius puts the end of his episcopate at the second year of the reign of Titus ( 80 ).

Pope Saint Celestine I was elevated to the papacy in the year 422, on 3 November according to the Liber Pontificalis, but on 10 April according to Tillemont.

Paul the Deacon reported correctly in his Historia Langobardorum ( written around the year 785 ) that the Liber pontificalis mentioned these casualty figures in relation to Odo's victory at Toulouse ( though he claimed that Charles Martel fought in the battle alongside Odo ), but later writers, probably " influenced by the Continuations of Fredegar, attributed the Saracen casualties solely to Charles Martel, and the battle in which they fell became unequivocally that of Poitiers.

Possibly he did issue such an edict against the Gnostics and Montanists ; it is also possible that on his own responsibility the writer of the Liber Pontificalis attributed to this pope a similar decree current about the year 500.

But less than a year later the emperor died ; the Liber Pontificalis claims he was struck dead by a thunderbolt.

The Visigothic Code ( Latin, Forum Iudicum or Liber Iudiciorum ; Spanish, Libro de los Juicios ) comprises a set of laws promulgated by the Visigothic king of Hispania, Chindasuinth in his second year ( 642 / 643 ).

It was translated in 1145 into Latin by Plato of Tivoli as Liber Embadorum ( the same year Robert of Chester translated al-Khwārizmī's Algebra.

The 9th chapter of the Chronicle names Methodus or Liber Methodios, a text from the year 753, as its source.

IC Grand Theogonist is Rueben Wrolfgar ( name is given in the Liber Khorne, without any actual year ).

Liber Necris was originally going to be written and released as Liber Mortis, from the narrative POV of Vanhal, but when AD & D released a book the previous year called " Libris Mortis " the decision was made by BL Publishing to change the name of their book to Liber Necris.

Animuccia, as magister cantorum of the Capella Giulia, would no doubt have been aware of this test ; it is unsurprising therefore that in 1566 there is a record of him being paid ‘ for the composition of five masses according to the requirements of the Council Trent .’ Animuccia ’ s Missarum Liber Primus was published a year later.

The text's modern editor, Geberding, who vindicates the coherence and accuracy of its account, gives reasons for locating the anonymous author in Soissons, probably in the royal monastery of Saint-Médard and characterizes him as " Neustrian, a staunch Merovingian legitimist, secular as opposed to ecclesiastically minded, and an enthusiastic admirer and probably a member of that aristocratic class based on the Seine-Oise valley whose deeds, wars and kings he describes ". Liber historiae Francorum is customarily dated to 727 because of a reference at the end to the sixth year of Theuderic IV.

The music of the Magnus Liber was used in the liturgy of the church throughout the feasts of the church year.