Each receiving node checks the destination address of each frame, and simply ignores any frame not addressed to its own MAC.

This is achieved by designating one or more " server " or " provider " nodes, either by MAC address or switch port.

* static allocation: The DHCP server allocates an IP address based on a table with MAC address / IP address pairs, which are manually filled in ( perhaps by a network administrator ).

Only clients with a MAC address listed in this table will be allocated an IP address.

This message contains the client's MAC address, the IP address that the server is offering, the subnet mask, the lease duration, and the IP address of the DHCP server making the offer.

Features such as the 48-bit MAC address and Ethernet frame format have influenced other networking protocols.

As with other IEEE 802 LANs, each Ethernet station is given a 48-bit MAC address.

* Hosts have a 48-bit node address which by default is set to the network interface card's MAC address.

As the node address is usually identical to the MAC address of the network adapter, the Address Resolution Protocol is not needed.

The IPv6 subnet size has been standardized by fixing the size of the host identifier portion of an address to 64 bits to facilitate an automatic mechanism for forming the host identifier from link-layer media addressing information ( MAC address ).

Interfaces can have addresses based on the MAC address of the machine ( the EUI-64 format ), but this is not a requirement.

Even when an address is not based on the MAC address though, the interface's address is ( contrary to IPv4 ) usually global instead of local, which makes it much easier to identify a single user through the IP address.

A Media Access Control address ( MAC address ) is a unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications on the physical network segment.

Cytochrome c is also released from mitochondria due to formation of a channel, the mitochondrial apoptosis-induced channel ( MAC ), in the outer mitochondrial membrane, and serves a regulatory function as it precedes morphological change associated with apoptosis.

MAC, also called " Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeabilization Pore " is regulated by various proteins, such as those encoded by the mammalian Bcl-2 family of anti-apoptopic genes, the homologs of the ced-9 gene found in C. elegans.

This feature, which is not supported by all DHCP servers, is variously called Static DHCP Assignment by DD-WRT, fixed-address by the dhcpd documentation, Address Reservation by Netgear, DHCP reservation or Static DHCP by Cisco and Linksys, and IP reservation or MAC / IP binding by various other router manufacturers.

< span id =" switch_vulnerabilities "> Despite this, switched Ethernet should still be regarded as an insecure network technology, because it is easy to subvert switched Ethernet systems by means such as ARP spoofing and MAC flooding .</ span >

IEEE 802. 15. 3-2003 is a MAC and PHY standard for high-rate ( 11 to 55 Mbit / s ) WPANs.

The IEEE 802. 15 Task Group 4e is chartered to define a MAC amendment to the existing standard 802. 15. 4-2006.

The intent of this amendment is to enhance and add functionality to the 802. 15. 4-2006 MAC to a ) better support the industrial markets and b ) permit compatibility with modifications being proposed within the Chinese WPAN.

The IEEE 802. 15. 4f Active RFID System Task Group is chartered to define new wireless Physical ( PHY ) layer ( s ) and enhancements to the 802. 15. 4-2006 standard MAC layer which are required to support new PHY ( s ) for Active RFID System bi-directional and location determination applications.

The low-rate mesh is built on IEEE 802. 15. 4-2006 MAC, while the high rate mesh utilizes IEEE 802. 15. 3 / 3b MAC.

IEEE 802. 3 is a working group and a collection of IEEE standards produced by the working group defining the physical layer and data link layer's media access control ( MAC ) of wired Ethernet.

Beneath the LLC sublayer is the Media Access Control ( MAC ) sublayer, which is dependent on the particular medium being used ( Ethernet, token ring, FDDI, 802. 11, etc.

IEEE 802. 3 is an exception ; Ethernet originally used Ethernet II framing, with a 2-octet type field containing an EtherType value, and no 802. 2 header, but the original IEEE 802. 3 specification used a framing wherein the 2-octet field following the 6-octet destination and source MAC addresses contained a frame length, with an 802. 2 LLC header following the length field.

SHA-1 HMAC Generation. In cryptography, a hash-based message authentication code ( HMAC ) is a specific construction for calculating a message authentication code ( MAC ) involving a cryptographic hash function in combination with a secret cryptographic key.

These switches use IP addresses and Internet Group Management Protocol for control of the multicast routing but use MAC addresses for the actual routing.

Because Wake-on-LAN operates below the IP protocol layer the MAC address is required and makes IP addresses and DNS names meaningless.

Unfortunately in many networks waking on directed packet ( any packet with the adapter's MAC address or IP address ) or on link is likely to cause wakeup immediately after going to a low-power state.

The earliest implementations used DHCP to provide network details such as the IP address to the subscriber equipment, with authentication via MAC address or an assigned host name.

The process which results in the node responding with its own MAC address to an ARP request for a different IP address for proxying purposes is sometimes referred to as ' publishing '.

So, the cable modem function will have its own IP address and MAC address as will the router.

As a remnant of the Selsius origin of the current Cisco IP phones, the default device name format for registered Cisco phones with CallManager is SEP -- as in Selsius Ethernet Phone -- followed by the MAC address.

Doing so would make it impossible to implement IP because the ARP ( Address Resolution Protocol ) layer of IP-Ethernet needs access to the MAC address.

However, the MAC address inherited from the original MAC layer specification is used in many higher level protocols such as Internet Protocol ( IP ) over Ethernet.

Thus, when an IP packet reaches its destination ( sub ) network, the destination IP address ( a layer 3 or network layer concept ) is resolved with the Address Resolution Protocol for IPv4, or by Neighbor Discovery Protocol ( IPv6 ) into the MAC address ( a layer 2 concept ) of the destination host.

An example is sending a ping ( ICMP echo request ) with the wrong MAC address but the right IP address.

If the adapter is in promiscuous mode, the frame will be passed on, and the IP stack on the machine ( to which a MAC address has no meaning ) will respond as it would to any other ping.

* New MAC and PHY with IP and adaptive antennas

Generally, the aim is to associate the attacker's MAC address with the IP address of another host ( such as the default gateway ), causing any traffic meant for that IP address to be sent to the attacker instead.

The NIC wakes the system only if the MAC address and password are correct.

This security measure significantly decreases the risk of successful brute force attacks, by increasing the search space by 48 bits ( 6 bytes ), up to 2 < sup > 96 </ sup > combinations if the MAC address is entirely unknown.

MAC can simulate RBAC if the role graph is restricted to a tree rather than a partially ordered set.

If two bridges have equal priority then the MAC addresses are compared ; for example, if switches A ( MAC = 0200. 0000. 1111 ) and B ( MAC = 0200. 0000. 2222 ) both have a priority of 32768 then switch A will be selected as the root bridge.

The game currently matches a team from the Western Athletic Conference ( WAC ), usually the conference's champion unless that team either qualifies for the Bowl Championship Series ( BCS ) ( an exception was made for Hawai ' i, who has an automatic tie-in with the Hawai ' i Bowl if it does not qualify for the BCS, until they left the WAC in 2012 ), with one from the Mid-American Conference ( MAC ) and is televised nationally on the ESPN family of networks.

Fano decided to call MAC a " project " rather than a " laboratory " for reasons of internal MIT politics — if MAC had been called a laboratory, then it would have been more difficult to raid other MIT departments for research staff.

Frames are addressed to reach every computer on a given LAN segment if they are addressed to MAC address < tt > FF: FF: FF: FF: FF: FF </ tt >.

This means that even if an attacker has access to an oracle which possesses the secret key and generates MACs for messages of the attacker's choosing, the attacker cannot guess the MAC for other messages ( which were not used to query the oracle ) without performing infeasible amounts of computation.

Conversely, MAC algorithms are designed to produce matching MACs only if the same message, secret key and initialization vector are input to the same algorithm.

Targeted collisions do not typically become easier if a padding scheme is absent, but other domain-specific problems may arise: cryptographic hash functions used in other constructions such as Message authentication codes cause the MAC to be completely broken if they are extendable.

The office's hosts will send packets addressed to IPs within this range directly, by resolving the destination IP address into a MAC address through an ARP sequence ( if not already known through the host's ARP cache ) and then enveloping the IP packet into a layer 2 ( MAC ) packet addressed to the destination host.

They rely on the MAC: port tuple as a method of tracing a packet back ( even if the MAC address has been spoofed ).

* ISP-always-on: Unique identifiers, MAC address ( if kept ), ADSL end points, IP tunnel address

If unconditional guarantees of security are needed, and if it is impractical for the communicating parties to arrange to share a secret that can be used in a Carter – Wegman MAC, this technique might one day be faster than classical techniques given a quantum computer with 5 to 10 qubits.

One example of such an environment is one in which MAC security is enabled on switches and another example is an environment in which Altiris products are used ( if configured to use the MAC address as the UID ).

* WiFi connections are no longer locked to a specific MAC address if they are " locally administered " addresses ( ie, 02 :::::)