In 1965, the Menzies conservative government appointed an Australian, Lord Casey, and the position has since been held only by Australians.

In October 1941, the UAP was ousted by a no-confidence vote, the ALP leader John Curtin was invited to form a new government, and Menzies resigned as UAP leader.

For much of the night, it looked like Labor might bring down the Menzies government, but a narrow win by Liberal Billy Snedden in Bruce ended any realistic chance of opposition leader Arthur Calwell becoming Prime Minister.

The transfer of power from Menzies to Holt in February 1966 was smooth and unproblematic, and at the federal election later that year the electorate overwhelmingly endorsed Holt, giving the Holt-McEwen Coalition government a 41-seat majority, the largest in Australian history at the time.

Indeed, in the lead up to the 1949 federal election, Fadden played a key role in the defeat of the Chifley Labor government, frequently making inflammatory claims about the " socialist " nature of the Labor Party, which Menzies could then " clarify " or repudiate as he saw fit, thus appearing more " moderate ".

In 1949, Fadden became Treasurer in the second Menzies government and remained so until his retirement in 1958.

Menzies then formed a minority government.

Menzies was able to form a minority government with the support of two independent MPs, Arthur Coles and Alex Wilson.

Menzies was very bitter about what he saw as this betrayal by his colleagues, and almost left politics before being persuaded to become Minister for Defence Co-ordination in the Fadden government.

With a Senate minority for the new Menzies government, Menzies introduced legislation in 1951 to ban the Communist Party, hoping that the Senate would reject it and give him a trigger for a double dissolution election, but Labor let the bill pass.

The Menzies government won 69 of 121 seats and 50. 7 percent of the two-party vote at the 1951 election and gained control of the Senate.

This Cold War scare was claimed by some to enable the Menzies government to win the election.

The Menzies government won 64 of 121 seats and 49. 3 percent of the two-party vote.

The new party directed its preferences to the Liberals, with the Menzies government re-elected with an increased majority at the 1955 election.

At the 1961 election the Menzies government narrowly retained government with 62 of 122 seats and a two-party vote of 49. 5 percent.

The Menzies government was able to exploit Labor's divisions over the Cold War and the American alliance, winning an increased majority at what would be Menzies ' last election, the 1963 election.

However, it can also be noted that while retaining government on each occasion, Menzies lost the two-party-preferred vote in 1940, 1954, and 1961.

In addition, he attacked the increasingly unpopular federal Coalition government of Robert Menzies.

Despite these promises, Askin and the new Country Party Leader, Charles Cutler, lost the election to Heffron, mainly due to the adverse reactions of voters towards the November 1960 " horror budget " and credit squeeze made by the federal Liberal government of Robert Menzies.

Page refused to serve under Menzies, leaving the UAP with a minority government.

Menzies proposed an all party unity government to break the impasse, but the Labor Party under John Curtin refused to join.

After four months, Menzies returned to Australia to face a lack of enthusiasm for his global travels and a war-time minority government under ever increasing strain.

In 1965 the Queen, on Menzies ' recommendation, appointed Casey Governor-General to succeed Lord De L ' Isle.

On Chauvel's recommendation, Menzies appointed Lieutenant General Vernon Sturdee to the post.

The then British Chief of the Imperial General Staff ( CIGS ), Sir William Slim, himself a field marshal ( and later Governor-General of Australia ), resisted Menzies ' recommendation for Blamey's promotion, on the grounds that Dominion generals could not be made field marshals.

Menzies appointed him Minister for Supply and Development and Minister for Works and Housing.

* Rt Hon Robert Menzies, KC MP: Minister for Defence Co-ordination ( UAP )

He returned to the Frontbench as Defence spokesperson under Kennedy's successor, Sir Menzies Campbell.

Robert Menzies, the Prime Minister, abolished the position on the outbreak of World War II and created separate Ministers for the Navy, the Army and the Air, with himself as Minister for Defence Coordination in his first ministry.

John Curtin initially followed the same arrangement as Menzies in his ministry until 14 April 1942, when he took the title of Minister for Defence.

Street became Minister for Army, Menzies also became Minister for Defence Coordination, and three more ministers joined the War Cabinet:

* Robert Menzies ( Prime Minister and Minister for Defence Coordination )

* Rt Hon Robert Menzies, KC MP: Prime Minister, Minister for Defence Co-ordination, Minister for Information.

* Rt Hon Robert Menzies, KC MP: Prime Minister, Minister for Defence Co-ordination.

* Rt Hon Robert Menzies, KC MP: Minister for Defence Co-ordination ( UAP )

At the start of the 1960s, Prime Minister Robert Menzies greatly expanded the Australian military so that it could carry out the Government's policy of Forward Defence in South East Asia.

Its most prominent members have been Sir Philip Fysh, a member of the first federal Cabinet, and Athol Townley, Defence Minister in the Robert Menzies government.

The position of Sound Designer emerged in a manner similar to that of Production Designer, which was created in the 1930s when William Cameron Menzies made revolutionary contributions to the craft of art direction in the making of Gone with the Wind.

On the movie Gone with the Wind, David O. Selznick felt that William Cameron Menzies had such a significant role in the look of the film, that the title Art Director was not sufficient, and so he gave Menzies the title of Production Designer.

Fadden was well regarded within conservative circles and proved to be a loyal deputy to Menzies in the difficult circumstances of 1941.

While he was speaking in Williamstown, Victoria, in 1954, a heckler shouted, " I wouldn ’ t vote for you if you were the Archangel Gabriel " to which Menzies coolly replied " If I were the Archangel Gabriel, I ’ m afraid you wouldn't be in my constituency.

* In 1973 Menzies was awarded Japan's Order of the Rising Sun, Grand Cordon, First Class ( other Australian Prime Ministers to be awarded this honour were Edmund Barton, John McEwen, Malcolm Fraser and Gough Whitlam ).

Menzies was convinced that the UAP was no longer viable, and a new anti-Labor party needed to be formed to replace it.

The Menzies and Holt Governments effectively dismantled the policies between 1949 and 1966 and the Whitlam Government passed laws to ensure that race would be totally disregarded as a component for immigration to Australia in 1973.

Most politicians expected that he would soon be replaced by Menzies, who resigned from Cabinet in protest at the government's inaction on the national insurance scheme.

Approaching 68, McEwen was the oldest person ever to be appointed Prime Minister of Australia, although not the oldest to serve ; Menzies left office two months after his 71st birthday.

Bradman first met Jessie Martha Menzies in 1920 when she boarded with the Bradman family, to be closer to school in Bowral.

( He was the only prime minister to be knighted during his term of office until Robert Menzies in 1963 ; various others were knighted after leaving the office ; Sir Earle Page was already a knight when he briefly became prime minister in 1939.

In 1941, Prime Minister Robert Menzies stated that there should be no restrictions on private citizens using the Blue Ensign on land, and in 1947 Prime Minister Ben Chifley reaffirmed this position, but it wasn't until the passage of the Flags Act 1953 that the restriction on civilians flying the Blue Ensign was officially lifted, after which use of the Red Ensign on land became a rarity.

In 1898 he served 40 summons at Pukemiro pa ( Hone Toia's village in Hauturu ), where Menzies was rumoured to have said, that if the people refused to pay they would be sent to an ice bound country where their bones would crack from the cold, ( probably referring to the prisons of the lower south island ).

Unfortunately for Calwell, the war was initially very popular in Australia, and continued to be so after Menzies retired in 1966.

His parents became friends of King Edward VII who at the time was rumoured to be Menzies ' father, though this likely was not the case.

In May 1959 it was announced that a new airport would be built at Tullamarine, with Prime Minister Robert Menzies announcing on 27 November 1962 a five-year plan to provide Melbourne with a A $ 45 million " jetport " by 1967.

He was a highly effective debater and was soon feared and disliked by ministers in the Liberal government of Robert Menzies, although his relationship with Menzies himself was warmer than might be expected.

This, together with an obsessive hatred of Menzies which led him into many tactical errors, caused Labor to be roundly defeated 1955 election, suffering an 11-seat swing.

In a debate on a censure motion on 20 February, Menzies said the fact that McKell was actively engaged in politics when the appointment was announced ( even though he had since vacated the political stage ) was " a grave disqualification " which " strikes at the very foundation of the office of the Governor-Generalship, because that office in Australia should be as far removed from party politics as is the Crown itself in Great Britain ".

Martin Kemp, Professor of the History of Art at Oxford University, questions the rigor of Menzies ' application of the historical method, and in regard to European illustrations purporting to be copied from the Chinese Nong Shu, writes that Menzies " says something is a copy just because they look similar.

Following the resignation of Sir Menzies Campbell on 15 October 2007, Laws announced that he would not be a candidate for the leadership of the party.