Towards the end of his reign, the Moors in the Aurès Mountains ( in modern-day Algeria ) successfully rebelled from Vandal rule.

* 1264 – In Spain, King James I of Aragon reconquers the cities of Orihuela in Alicante and Elx in Valencia from the Moors, ending over 500 years of Islamic rule.

During the rule of Philip II of Spain, after the rebellion and subsequent expulsion of the Moors, the district was depopulated.

* In Spain, King James I of Aragon reconquers the cities of Orihuela in Alicante and Elx in Valencia from the Moors, ending over 500 years of Islamic rule.

The initial rule of the Moors in the Iberian peninsula under this Caliphate of Córdoba is regarded as tolerant in its acceptance of Christians, Muslims and Jews living in the same territories.

During the eighth century, Pamplona and its hinterland oscillated between two powerful states, Moors and Franks, but they proved unable to permanently secure its rule over the Basque region.

The city spent the next few centuries mostly under Arab rule, although power alternated several times between Moors and Christians.

After the rule of the Moors in the 9th and 10th centuries the Christian king García Sánchez III of Navarre captured the city in 1045.

In the middle years of his rule, his attention turned to campaigns against the Moors.

Exposure to semitic influences continued to a limited extent during the 268-year rule of the Knights of St. John over Malta, due in part to trade between the Knights and North Africa, but primarily due to the large numbers of slaves present in Malta during the 17th and 18th centuries: upwards of 2, 000 at any given time ( or about 5 per cent of the population of Malta ), of whom 40 – 45 per cent were Moors, and the remainder Turks, Africans and Jews.

Galicia came under the control of the Moors after they defeated the Visigoths in 717 but Moorish rule left no direct cultural legacy as it was simply a military occupation that collected taxes ; although an indirect Moorish musical influence arrived later, by way of itenerant Christian troubadours.

During the period of Islamic rule, after the Normans lay waste to the coast of Málaga in the tenth century, the Moors fortified the coastline and built a string of several lighthouse towers along it.

It stayed under Muslim rule till 1234 when king Sancho II finally recaptured the town from the Moors.

Three chapters of the book take place in Muslim Iberia under Almanzor's rule, depicted from the point of view of Scanian Vikings who are captured by Moors while on a raid into Spain, serving as galley slaves.

Aljama (,, ) is a term of Arabic origin used in old official documents in Spain and Portugal to designate the self-governing communities of Moors and Jews living under Christian rule in the Iberian Peninsula.

The word aljama is derived from the Arabic jama (" gather ") plus the definite article al, which meant originally " congregation ", " assembly ", " group ", but which, even before the establishment of Spanish rule, was applied by the Moors to their own religious bodies and the larger mosques, and especially to the Jewish communities in the midst of them, and to the synagogues and schools which formed the center of all Jewish life.

During his rule, the order flourished in Spain, achieving important victories against the Moors.

In spite of the stigma attached to being dhimmis ( non-Muslim members of monotheistic faiths ) under Muslim rule, the invasion of the Moors was by-and-large welcomed by the Jews of Iberia.

* And he commanded him to place his seat in Rome, as the spot most fitting to rule the world from ; but also he permitted him to have his seat in any other part of the world, and to judge and govern all Christians, Moors, Jews, Gentiles, and all other Sects.

The hillforts that stretched from the North York Moors to the Scottish highlands are evidence of a distinctive character emerging in northern Great Britain from the Middle Iron Age onwards.

* In Wales, works at East Moors ( Cardiff ), Ebbw Vale and Shotton were closed.

The Visigoths under Alaric I sacked Rome in 410, defeated Attila at the Battle of the Catalunian Plains in 451, and founded a Kingdom in Aquitaine which was pushed to Hispania by the Franks in 507, converted to Catholicism by the late sixth century, and in the early eighth century conquered by the Muslim Moors.

However, the Visigothic nobles under the leadership of Pelagius of Asturias managed to defeat the Moors at the Battle of Covadonga, and subsequently established the Kingdom of Asturias.

Under Charles Martel's leadership, the Franks defeated the Moors at the Battle of Tours in 732, limiting the expansion of Islam onto the European continent.

Dávila was a veteran soldier who had served in the wars against the Moors at Granada and in North Africa.

But Europeans defeated the Moors at the Battle of Tours in 732 ; this proved to be the high water mark of the Islamic conquests in western Europe and of the expansion of Al-Andalus.

The Moors, who descend from Arab traders that settled in Sri Lanka, form the third largest ethnic group at 7. 2 % of the population.

Gothic identity survived the fall of the kingdom, however, especially in Marca Hispanica and the Kingdom of Asturias, which was founded by the Visigothic nobleman Pelagius after his victory over the Moors at the Battle of Covadonga.

* December 8 – Myra Hindley, one of the Moors murderers, arrives at the High Court of Justice, to contest a recent Home Secretary's decision that she should remain in prison until she dies.

* April 30 – Umayyad troops led by Tariq ibn Ziyad land at Gibraltar, and begin their invasion of the Iberian Peninsula and conquest of the Visigothic Kingdom ( See Moors, Al-Andalus, and Umayyad conquest of Hispania ).

Teresa was fascinated by accounts of the lives of the saints, and ran away from home at age seven with her brother Rodrigo to find martyrdom among the Moors.

The king ( 1211 – 1223 ), was no warrior, but in 1212 a Portuguese contingent aided the Castilians to defeat the Moors at Las Navas de Tolosa, and in 1217 the ministers, bishops and captains of the realm, reinforced by foreign crusaders, retook Alcácer do Sal.

" Moorish " Iberia does at least have the merit of reminding us that the bulk of the invaders and settlers were Moors, i. e. Berbers from Algeria and Morocco.

Arms of the great Bristol merchant and shipper William II Canynges ( d. 1474 ), as depicted on his canopied tomb in St Mary Redcliffe Church, showing the couped heads of three Moors wreathed at the temples

Al-Samh set up his capital from 720 at Narbonne, which the Moors called Arbūna.

Through his victory at the Battle of Covadonga, he is credited with beginning the Reconquista, the Christian reconquest of the Iberian peninsula from the Moors.

With the Caliphate at its height, the Moors improved agriculture with irrigation and developed local industries.

After the campaigns of Alfonso I of Asturias ( 739-757 ) against the Moors, the city was abandoned, being in the largely empty buffer zone between Moors and Christians known at the time as " The Desert of the Duero ", and was part of the Repoblación (" repopulation ") effort carried out a century later during the reign of Ordoño I of Asturias ( 850-866 ).

The arrival of Moors in the Balearic Islands occurred at the beginning of the 8th century.

At the same time, the Moors ( consisting of Arabs and Berbers ) invaded Europe via Gibraltar ( conquering Hispania — the Iberian Peninsula — from the Visigothic Kingdom in 711 ), before being halted by the Franks at the Battle of Tours in 732.

It was believed at this time that Southern European and Eastern European peoples were racially mixed with non-European Moors from across the Mediterranean Sea, while Northern Europeans and Western Europeans remained pure.

Ramiro sought to enlarge his lands at the expense of both the Moors and his brother, García, the King of Navarre.

The railway is the second-longest standard gauge heritage line in the United Kingdom and runs across the North York Moors from Pickering via Levisham, Newton Dale, Goathland and terminating at Grosmont.