* 1832 – Black Hawk, leader of the Sauk tribe of Native Americans, surrenders to U. S. authorities, ending the Black Hawk War.

Native Americans used red alder bark ( Alnus rubra ) to treat poison oak, insect bites, and skin irritations.

The inner bark of the alder, as well as red osier dogwood, or chokecherry, was also used by Native Americans in their smoking mixtures, known as kinnikinnick, to improve the taste of the bearberry leaf.

Whigs and moralists denounced his aggressive enforcement of the Indian Removal Act, which resulted in the forced relocation of thousands of Native Americans to Indian Territory ( now Oklahoma ).

* 1911 – Ishi, considered the last Native American to make contact with European Americans, emerges from the wilderness of northeastern California.

Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine, that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.

The cuisine of the American South has been influenced by the many diverse inhabitants of the region, including Americans of European descent, Native Americans and African Americans.

He turned the settlers into foragers and successful traders with the Native Americans, who taught the English how to plant corn and other crops.

Smith led expeditions to explore the regions surrounding Jamestown, and it was during one of these that the chief of the Powhatan Native Americans captured Smith.

Some friendly Native Americans ( including Squanto ) helped the Pilgrims survive through the first winter.

Native Americans were the earliest inhabitants of the land that is today known as the United States and played its first music.

* Native Americans in the United States

* 1832 – Black Hawk War: Around three-hundred United States 6th Infantry troops leave St. Louis, Missouri to fight the Sauk Native Americans.

At the beginning of the war, Pike was appointed as Confederate envoy to the Native Americans.

The Mongols also used adhesives to make their short bows, and the Native Americans of the eastern United States used a mixture of spruce gum and fat as adhesives to fashion waterproof seams in their birchbark canoes.

African Americans and Native Americans with this allele have a reduced risk of developing alcoholism.

Native Americans however, have a significantly higher rate of alcoholism than average ; it is unclear why this is the case.

Other risk factors such as cultural environmental effects e. g. trauma have been proposed to explain the higher rates of alcoholism among Native Americans compared to alcoholism levels in caucasians.

In 1840, Walker, a Protestant missionary, recorded stories of giants among the Native Americans living in Spokane, Washington.

Native Americans, on the other hand, did not fight in lines, utilizing instead guerrilla tactics.

Historical evidence also points to the use of non-returning boomerangs by the ancient Egyptians, Native Americans of California and Arizona, and inhabitants of southern India for killing birds and rabbits.

Native Americans customarily grew them along with corn and squash ( the so-called Three Sisters ), with the tall cornstalks acting as support for the beans.

A polarizing figure who dominated the Second Party System in the 1820s and 1830s, as president he dismantled the Second Bank of the United States and initiated ethnic cleansing and forced relocation of Native American tribes from the Southeast to west of the Mississippi River.

When Alaska Natives enrolled in their regional corporations under the terms of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 ( ANCSA ), the Aleut Corporation attracted only about 2, 000 enrolees who could prove a blood quantum of 1 / 4 or more Alaska Native ( including Aleut ).

* Native claims to almost all of Alaska were extinguished in exchange for approximately one-ninth of the state's land plus $ 962. 5 million in compensation distributed to 200 local village and 12 Native-owned regional corporations, plus a thirteenth corporation comprising Alaska Natives who had left the state.

The lyrics were written in honor of Green Beret James Gabriel, Jr., the first Native Hawaiian who died in Vietnam, who was executed by the Viet Cong while on a training mission on April 8, 1962.

During the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, who had taken the place of the Miami and Sauk and Fox peoples.

He is of English ( maternal ), Swiss and possibly Native American Modoc Tribe multi-ethnic ( paternal ) ancestry His father, Howard " Pete " Brubeck, was a cattle rancher, and his mother, Elizabeth ( née Ivey ), who had studied piano in England under Myra Hess and intended to become a concert pianist, taught piano for extra money.

Dartmouth was founded by Eleazar Wheelock, a Puritan minister from Columbia, Connecticut, who had previously sought to establish a school to train Native Americans as missionaries.

He studied Germanic linguistics at Columbia, where he came under the influence of Franz Boas who inspired him to work on Native American languages.

This first experience with Native American languages in the field was closely overseen by Boas, who was particularly interested in having Sapir gathering ethnological information for the Bureau.

A multitude of reforms and regulations did not prevent the encomienda from becoming a system of virtual slavery of the Native Ecuadorians, estimated at about one-half the total Ecuadorian population, who lived on them.

Now called Maroons, they formed a sort of buffer zone between the Europeans who settled along the coast and main rivers, and the unconquered, and often hostile, Native American tribes of the inland regions.

Native Americans who coexisted with the Great Auk valued it as a food source during the winter and as an important symbol.

He remained there while various of his English companions travelled to the other colonies, because he wished to meet some Native Americans who were interested in Quaker ways — though he relates that they had " a great dispute " among themselves about whether to participate in the meeting.

Native Americans, who traditionally used homeschooling and apprenticeship, vigorously resisted compulsory education in the United States .< ref >

This law was written to justify removing white missionaries who were helping the Native Americans resist removal.

Other examples of syncretism include Judeo-Paganists, a loosely organized set of Jews who incorporate pagan or Wiccan beliefs with some Jewish religious practices, like Messianic Judaism ; Jewish Buddhists, another loosely organized group that incorporates elements of Asian spirituality in their faith ; and some Renewal Jews who borrow freely and openly from Buddhism, Sufism, Native American religion, and other faiths.

Joseph Elmer Yoakum ( February 22, 1889 – December 25, 1972 ) was a self-taught landscape artist of African-American and Native American descent, who drew landscapes in a highly individual style.

* Moncacht-Apé, a Native American who may have traveled across North America more than a century before Lewis and Clark

The lake is named after the Erie tribe of Native Americans who lived along its southern shore.

Native speakers who are not academic linguists may not recognize that the variants they speak are classified in linguistics as members of " Mandarin " ( or so-called " Northern dialects ") in a broader sense.

Traditional Native Americans believe in a creator, variously referred to as Great Spirit, Great Creator or Great One, who is the originator of creation.