The people that emerged from the interactions between the new Viking aristocracy and the already mixed Franks and Gallo-Romans became known as the Normans.

Originally a Viking weapon, it was adopted by the Anglo-Saxons and Normans in the 11th century, spreading through Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries.

Godwinson was subsequently defeated within a month by another Viking descendant, William, Duke of Normandy ( Normandy had been conquered by Vikings ( Normans ) in 911 ).

After a period of Viking control, it passed to the Cerdic dynasty who unified England and then the Normans who destroyed much of the city.

"), attributed to monks of the English monasteries plundered by Viking raids in the 8th and 9th centuries, and entered Old French as Normands, whence the name of the Normans and of Normandy, which was settled by Norsemen in the 10th century.

Another argument is that, given the links between this style of castle and the Normans, who were of Viking descent, they were in fact originally a Viking design, transported to Normandy and Angers.

The Normans have Norse mythology in their Viking heritage, however, they were known to readily assimilate into other cultures.

The first phase Migration Period displacement from between CE 300 and 500 included relocation of the Goths ( Ostrogoths and Visigoths ), Vandals, Franks, various other Germanic people ( Burgundians, Lombards, Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Suebi, Alemanni, Varangians and Normans ), Alans and numerous Slavic tribes.

Similarly, the Normans in Ivanhoe, who represent a more sophisticated culture, and the Saxons, who are poor, disenfranchised, and resentful of Norman rule, band together and begin to mold themselves into one people.

* The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse Vikings who settled in the territory of Normandy in France after being given a Duchy by the French King, conquered other lands and protected the French coast from foreign attacks.

In constant fear of attack from the Normans in the south of Italy, the Byzantines turned in desperation to the Normans own spiritual chief, Pope Leo IX and, according to William of Apulia, begged him " to liberate Italy that now lacks its freedom and to force that wicked people, who are pressing Apulia under their yoke, to leave.

In 1070 Pope Alexander II ordered the Normans to do penance for killing so many people during their conquest of England.

After the 1066 invasion, the local people put up fierce resistance against the Normans.

The Normans also realised Usk's geographical and military importance within the region, and the powerful de Clare family built Usk Castle as part of their plans for controlling the area's resources and people.

" He also wrote ( in his Letters ) accounts of how the constant wars between the Byzantine Empire and the Pechenegs, Magyars and Normans had destroyed most of the food of the land and caused many people to flee to the forests from the towns.

Thessalonica had probably grown to about 150, 000 people, despite being looted by the Normans in 1185.

Both aspects of " dialects of a same language " and " French as the common langue d ' oïl " appear in a text of Roger Bacon, Opus maius, who wrote in Medieval Latin but translated thus: " Indeed, idioms of a same language vary amongst people, as it occurs in the French language which varies in an idiomatic manner amongst the French, Picards, Normans and Burgundians.

From the creation of the county of Rouen and of the Duchy of Normandy in 911, the Vikings settled a great number of people in the region and left an enduring legacy in the Cauchois dialect but also in the ethnic makeup of the Cauchois Normans.

Following the invasion of Britain by William of Normandy the people of Kent adopted the motto Invicta meaning undefeated and claiming that they had frightened the Normans away, as they merely used Kent to reach London.

This led the Normans to treat Cheshire particularly harshly with land and villages being destroyed, crops burned and people made homeless.

One incident during the war had given Aedh cause for concern: his erstwhile allies, the Normans of Leinster and Munster, had invaded south Connacht " and slew all the people that they caught, and burned their dwellings and villages.

The Normans were the first known people to settle at Nobber.

Historically, British people were thought to be descended from the varied ethnic stocks that settled there before the 11th century ; the pre-Celts, Celts, Romans, Anglo-Saxons, Norse and the Normans.

At the very outset, he had to meet the formidable attack of the Normans ( led by Robert Guiscard and his son Bohemund ), who took Dyrrhachium and Corfu, and laid siege to Larissa in Thessaly ( see Battle of Dyrrhachium ).

The second was the Normans in the 11th century, who spoke Old Norman and ultimately developed an English variety of this called Anglo-Norman.

During the history of the Byzantine Empire, the Greek peninsula was occasionally invaded by the foreign peoples like Goths, Avars, Slavs, Normans, Franks and other Romance-speaking peoples who had betrayed the Crusades.

For years in a manner similar to what befell the Roman provinces under the Germans or the Irish under the Normans, the chieftains and their war bands ravaged the western half of Asia Minor, as allies of one or other of the warring princes, without any serious check, until they sided with the renegade Seleucid prince Antiochus Hierax, who reigned in Asia Minor.

The 12th century saw the Normans ( who had conquered England and Wales in the eleventh century ) invade Ireland.

" This particular line of criticism also misses the obvious parallels that existed between the story's background ( England conquered by the Normans in 1066, when they killed Saxon King Harold at Hastings, about 130 years previously ) and the prevailing situation in Scott's native Scotland ( Scotland's union with England in 1707 – about the same length of time had elapsed before Scott's writing and the resurgence in his time of Scottish nationalism evidenced by the cult of Robert Burns, the famous poet who deliberately chose to work in Scots vernacular though he was an educated man and spoke modern English eloquently ).

Among the Normans who returned to their holdings was Walter de Clifford, who reclaimed Cantref Bychan, then invaded Rhys's lands in Cantref Mawr.

In 1085 the Normans entered Syracuse, one of the last Arab strongholds, after a summer-long siege by Roger I of Sicily and his son Jordan of Hauteville, who was given the city as count.

Several fundamental common law institutions may have been adapted from similar legal institutions in Islamic law and jurisprudence, and introduced to England after the Norman conquest of England by the Normans, who conquered and inherited the Islamic legal administration of the Emirate of Sicily, and also by Crusaders during the Crusades.

The Normans were descended from Danish and Norwegian Vikings who were given feudal overlordship of areas in northern France — the Duchy of Normandy — in the 10th century.

Not all of the Normans who accompanied William in the initial conquest acquired large amounts of land in England.

* Rome is besieged by the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, and is then sacked by the Normans of Robert Guiscard, who intended to restore papal authority over the city.

Although the Anglo-Saxon monarchs are known to have rewarded their loyal subjects with rings and other symbols of favour, it was the Normans who introduced knighthoods as part of their feudal government.

When Edward died in 1066 he was succeeded by Harold Godwinson, who was defeated and killed in the same year by the Normans under William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings.

Modern historians reject the traditional view that Edward mainly employed Norman favourites, but he did have foreigners in his household, including a few Normans, who became unpopular.

The account of the battle given in the earliest source, the Carmen de Hastingae Proelio, is one where the Norman advance surprises the English, who manage to gain the top of Senlac Hill before the Normans.

The death of Roger in February 1154, who was succeeded by William I, combined with the widespread rebellions against the rule of the new King in Sicily and Apulia, the presence of Apulian refugees at the Byzantian court, and Frederick Barbarossa's ( Conrad's successor ) failure to deal with the Normans encouraged Manuel to take advantage of the multiple instabilities that existed in the Italian peninsula.

Agrigento was captured by the Normans under Count Roger I in 1087, who established a Latin bishopric there.

Cuthbert's cult had appealed to the converted Danes who now made up much of the population of Northumbria, and was also adopted by the Normans when they took over England.

In 1081 Gruffudd ap Cynan, who had just won the throne of Gwynedd from Trahaearn ap Caradog at the Battle of Mynydd Carn was enticed to a meeting with the Earl of Chester and Earl of Shrewsbury and promptly seized and imprisoned, leading to the seizure of much of Gwynedd by the Normans.