His team of artists in Athens, after some problems, was granted, by means of a firman, free access to the Acropolis, and specifically permission to sketch freely, take casts, carry out digs, and take away inscriptions and reliefs from the site, but, it seems, not the Parthenon itself.

Cleitarchus claims that the destruction was a whim ; Plutarch and Diodorus recount that it was intended as retribution for Xerxes ' burning of the temple of Athena on the Acropolis in Athens in 480 BC ( the destroyed temple was replaced by the Parthenon of Athens ).

It was from tribute paid to the league that Pericles set to building the Parthenon on the Acropolis, replacing an older temple, as well as many other non-defense related expenditures.

In classical architecture, it is the space between the annulet of the echinus and the upper bed of the shafts, including, according to C. R. Cockerell, the three grooves or sinkings found in some of the older examples, as in the temple of Neptune at Paestum and the temple of Aphaea at Aegina ; there being only one groove in the Parthenon, the Theseum and later examples.

It celebrates the unknown architect who designed the temple of Neptune at Paestum, next to the Parthenon the noblest example of Grecian classic style now in existence.

This Doric limestone building, from which many relics survive, is referred to as the hekatompedon ( Greek for " hundred – footed "), Ur-Parthenon ( German for " primitive Parthenon "), H – Architecture or Bluebeard temple, after the pedimental three-bodied man-serpent sculpture, whose beards were painted dark blue.

This temple of Athena Polias was built upon the Doerpfeld foundations, between the Erechtheion and the still – standing Parthenon.

Between the temple of Athena Nike and the Parthenon, there was the temenos of Artemis Brauronia or Brauroneion, the goddess represented as a bear and worshipped in the deme of Brauron.

East of the entrance and north of the Parthenon is the temple known as the Erechtheum.

* Temple of Aphaea, dedicated to its namesake, a goddess who was later associated with Athena ; the temple was part of a pre-Christian, equilateral holy triangle of temples including the Athenian Parthenon and the temple of Poseidon at Sounion.

It has been suggested that Hadrian was deliberately imitating Phidias ' famous statue of Athena Parthenos in the Parthenon, seeking to draw attention to the temple and himself by doing so.

The temple was excavated in 1889-1896 by Francis Penrose of the British School in Athens ( who also played a leading role in the restoration of the Parthenon ), in 1922 by the German archaeologist Gabriel Welter and in the 1960s by Greek archaeologists led by Ioannes Travlos.

The Parthenon () is a temple on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to the maiden goddess Athena, whom the people of Athens considered their patron.

According to this theory, the name of Parthenon means the " temple of the virgin goddess " and refers to the cult of Athena Parthenos that was associated with the temple.

The most important buildings visible on the Acropolis today — the Parthenon, the Propylaia, the Erechtheion and the temple of Athena Nike — were erected during this period.

Although the nearby Temple of Hephaestus is the most complete surviving example of a Doric order temple, the Parthenon, in its day, was regarded as the finest.

Though containing some Egyptian and French neo-Classicist features, the design was basically a huge Greek temple in the Doric style, loosely modelled on the Parthenon in Athens, though raised up on an enormous geometric plinth and flanked by numerous obelisks ( the Egyptian element ).

* Pericles commissions the architects Kallikrates and Iktinos to design a larger temple for the Parthenon and the construction begins on rebuilding the great temple of Athena ( the Parthenon ) on the Acropolis at Athens soon afterwards.

The more imposing of the two is the Walhalla, a costly reproduction of the Parthenon, erected as a Teutonic temple of fame on a hill rising from the Danube at Donaustauf, 15 km to the east.

The contemporary Parthenon, the largest temple in classical Athens, is also in the Doric order, although the sculptural enrichment is more familiar in the Ionic order: the Greeks were never as doctrinaire in the use of the Classical vocabulary as Renaissance theorists or neoclassical architects.

The Greeks oriented the Hecatompedon temple of 1150 BC and the Parthenon of 438 BC to their rising.

At the centre of the Acropolis is the Parthenon or Temple of Athena Parthenos ( Athena the Virgin ).

There, a new robe of woven wool ( peplos ) was placed on either the statue of Athena Polias in the Erechtheum ( during a regular Panathenaea ) or on the statue of Athena Parthenos in the Parthenon ( during the Great Panathenaea, held every four years ).

File: BM ; RM18-GR, The Parthenon Galleries 1 Temple of Athena Parthenos ( 447-438 B. C ) + North Slip Room ,-Full Elevation & Viewing North -. JPG | Room 18-Parthenon statuary from the east pediment and Metopes from the south wall

The contest of Athena and Poseidon was the subject of the reliefs on the western pediment of the Parthenon, the first sight that greeted the arriving visitor.

The first endeavor to build a sanctuary for Athena Parthenos on the site of the present Parthenon was begun shortly after the Battle of Marathon ( c. 490 – 488 BC ) upon a muscular limestone foundation that extended and leveled the southern part of the Acropolis summit.

This development had a direct effect on the sculptural decoration of temples, as many of the greatest extant works of Ancient Greek sculpture once adorned temples, and many of the largest recorded statues of the age, such as the lost chryselephantine statues of Zeus at the Temple of Zeus at Olympia and Athena at the Parthenon, Athens, both over 40 feet high, were once housed in them.

The Parthenon, a temple dedicated to Athena, located on the Acropolis in Athens, is one of the most representative symbols of the culture and sophistication of the ancient Greeks.

Phidias also designed the statues of the goddess Athena on the Athenian Acropolis, namely the Athena Parthenos inside the Parthenon and the Athena Promachos, a colossal bronze statue of Athena which stood between it and the Propylaea, a monumental gateway that served as the entrance to the Acropolis in Athens.

Among the ancient Greeks themselves two works of Phidias far outshone all others, the colossal chryselephantine figures of Zeus circa 432 BC on the site where it was erected in the temple of Zeus, at Olympia, Greece, and of Athena Parthenos ( literally, " Athena the Virgin ") a sculpture of the Greek virgin goddess Athena named after an epithet for the goddess herself, and was housed in the Parthenon in Athens.

The most famous example is the Acropolis of Athens, which, by reason of its historical associations and the several famous buildings erected upon it ( most notably the Parthenon ), is known without qualification as the Acropolis.

It is safer to judge him by the sculptural decoration of the Parthenon, in which he must almost certainly have taken a share under the direction of Phidias.

Athenians decided to stop the construction of the Olympieion which was related with the tyrant Peisistratus and his sons and instead used the Piraeus limestone destined for the Olympieion to build the Older Parthenon.

The Parthenon, which was being used as a gunpowder magazine, was hit by artillery fire and severely damaged.

All the valuable ancient artifacts are situated in the Acropolis Museum, which resides on the southern slope of the same rock, 280 metres from the Parthenon.

The first instance in which Parthenon definitely refers to the entire building is found in the 4th-century BC orator Demosthenes.

The shallow reliefs and three-dimensional sculpture which adorned the frieze and pediments, respectively, of the Parthenon, are the lifelike products of the High Classical style ( 450-400 BC ) and were created under the direction of the sculptor Phidias.

Designed by Senemut, her Vizier ( Ancient Egypt ) | vizier, the building is an example of perfect symmetry that predates the Parthenon, and it was the first complex built on the site she chose, which would become the Valley of the Kings

* The Classical period ( c. 500 – 323 BC ) is characterised by a style which was considered by later observers to be exemplary ( i. e. ' classical ')— for instance the Parthenon.

Inscriptions prove that the marble blocks intended for the pedimental statues of the Parthenon were not brought to Athens until 434 BC, which was probably after the death of Phidias.

* The colossal statue of the Athena Parthenos, which Phidias has made for the Parthenon, is completed and dedicated.

The earliest known indication of shorthand systems is from Ancient Greece, namely the Parthenon in which a stone from mid-4th century BC was found.

She was a strong advocate for the return to Athens of the Parthenon Marbles, which were removed from the Parthenon, and are now displayed in the British Museum.

Phidias immortalized this procession in the frieze of the Parthenon, which is currently at the British Museum.

He created colossal gold-plated marble statues (" chryselephantine statues "), generally face and hands, which were highly celebrated and admired in his own time: Athena, situated in the interior of the Parthenon, whose splendor reached the faithful through the open doors, and Zeus in the Sanctuary of Olympia, considered in its age and in later ages to be one of the marvels of the world.

Artistically speaking, these flaws ( which often come in the form of intentional asymmetries ) draw the observer's focus to the sacred geometry as well as compensate for visual distortions, a practice that has been used since the Pyramids and the Parthenon.

During the Great Panathenaia, a special robe ( the peplos ) was made by the women of Athens for the statue of Athena, which was carried to the Parthenon as part of the procession.

The Parthenon, which had been the Orthodox church of the Theotokos Atheniotissa, became the Catholic Church of Saint Mary of Athens.

The only method to indicate the relative position of elements in the composition was by overlapping, of which much use is made in works like the Parthenon Marbles.

Nashville's temporary Parthenon was reconstructed in permanent materials in a project lasting from 1920 to 1931 and still stands today as an art gallery on the original exposition grounds, which became Centennial Park.