The alphabet in the Polish language contains 32 letters.

He learned the Polish language at home and the Russian language in schools ; and having a French governess and a German governess, he became fluent in these four languages as a child.

From his death, Polish became the sole language of the family, thus fully Polonising the Jagiello family.

* Baltic Sea is used in English ; in the Baltic languages Latvian ( Baltijas jūra ) and Lithuanian ( Baltijos jūra ); in Latin ( Mare Balticum ) and the Romance languages French ( Mer Baltique ), Italian ( Mar Baltico ), Portuguese ( Mar Báltico ), Romanian ( Marea Baltică ) and Spanish ( Mar Báltico ); in Greek ( Βαλτική Θάλασσα ); in Albanian ( Deti Balltik ); in the Slavic languages Polish ( Morze Bałtyckie or Bałtyk ), Czech ( Baltské moře or Balt ), Croatian ( Baltičko more ), Slovenian ( Baltsko morje ), Bulgarian ( Baltijsko More ( Балтийско море ), Kashubian ( Bôłt ), Macedonian ( Балтичко Море / Baltičko More ), Ukrainian ( Балтійське море (" Baltijs ' ke More "), Belarusian ( Балтыйскае мора (" Baltyjskaje Mora "), Russian ( Балтийское море (" Baltiyskoye Morye ") and Serbian ( Балтичко море / Baltičko more ); in the Hungarian language ( Balti-tenger ); and also in Basque ( Itsaso Baltikoa )

Russian is the most widely used language by Belarusians on the Internet, followed by Belarusian, English, and Polish.

During the years of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ( 1569 – 1795 ), official documents were written in Polish, Ruthenian and Latin, with Lithuanian being mostly an oral language, with small quantities of written documents.

* BitBrothers Team Site Polish portal of BlitzBasic language

Polish language productions for Chicago's large Polish speaking population can be seen at the historic Gateway Theatre in Jefferson Park.

Nowadays, opłatek is mostly shared with members of the family and immediate neighbors before the Christmas Eve supper ( Wigilia in the Polish language ).

Pragmatics and other aspects of the language not specified by Zamenhof's original documents were influenced by the native languages of early speakers, primarily Russian, Polish, German, and French.

Ruthenian, the mixed Belarusian-Ukrainian literary language with Church Slavonic substratum and Polish adstratum, was an official language in Belarus and Ukraine until the end of the 17th century.

The only minority language with a significant number of speakers ( 5. 4 %) was Polish ( a figure that rises to over 6 % when including Kashubian, Masurian, and other forms classified by the Imperial government as separate languages but today more often considered variants of Polish ).

The rapidly growing population of Poland within the new boundaries was ¾ agricultural and ¼ urban, with Polish being the primary language of ⅔ of the inhabitants.

That same day, on 21 March 1939, Ribbentrop presented a set of demands to the Polish Ambassador Józef Lipski about Poland allowing the Free City of Danzig to return to Germany in such violent and extreme language that it led to the Poles to fear their country was on the verge of an immediate German attack.

They speak Kashubian, classified either as a language or a Polish dialect.

It is the only language in Poland with this status, which was granted by an act of the Polish Parliament on January 6, 2005.

Francysk Skaryna, who wrote and published in his native Ruthenian ( Old Belarusian ) language, was typical in this respect of the earlier phase of the Renaissance in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which lasted until the middle of the 16th century, when Polish predominated.

In the years that followed, it was the main language of government until the introduction of Polish as the chancellery language of the Lithuanian-Polish Commonwealth in 1697 ; however there are also examples of documents written in Ruthenian from the second half of the 18th century.

After the abolition of serfdom in 1861, the use of the Polish language noticeably increased in eastern Lithuania and western Belarus.

December 15, 1859 – April 14, 1917 ) was a Polish doctor, linguist, and the creator of Esperanto, the most successful constructed language designed for international communication.

The attempts by Konrad of Masovia to subdue the Prussian lands had picked long-term and intense border quarrels, whereby the Polish lands of Masovia, Cuyavia and even Greater Poland became subject to continuous Prussian raids.

The city became part of Poland in 1945 and was repopulated with Polish citizens.

After the Section of Prussians and Polish victory over the Teutonic Order, the city became part of the autonomous province of Royal Prussia under the suzerainty of the Polish crown in the Second Peace of Thorn.

After World War I, most of West Prussia became part of the Second Polish Republic.

After the expulsion of most of the German population, the city was repopulated and became known under the Polish name Elbląg.

Starting in the 1710s he became one of the creators and the foremost exponents of the so-called German mixed style, an amalgam of German, French, Italian and Polish styles.

Following the end of World War I, the Greater Poland Uprising ( 1918 – 1919 ) ensured that most of the region became part of the newly independent Polish state, forming most of Poznań Voivodeship ( 1921 – 1939 ).

By the late 1980s Solidarity, a Polish reform movement, became crucial in causing a peaceful transition from a communist state to the capitalist system and parliamentary democracy.

Adam Czartoryski became the leading advocate for the Polish national cause.

Her actions promoted the reign of her husband: Upon the death of the Polish High Duke Władysław III Spindleshanks in 1231, Henry also became Duke of Greater Poland and the next year prevailed as High Duke at Kraków.

After taking around 300, 000 Polish prisoners in 1939 and early 1940, 25, 700 Polish POWs were executed on 5 March 1940, pursuant to a note to Stalin from Lavrenty Beria, in what became known as the Katyn massacre.

Since Poland was regarded as the East European state with the most powerful army, it became imperative to tie Poland to Britain as the best way of ensuring Polish support for Romania, since it was the obvious quid pro quo that Britain would have to do something for Polish security if the Poles were to be induced to do something for Romanian security.

Around the year 1000, when the area was under Polish rule, the stronghold became seat of the Diocese of Kołobrzeg.

After World War II, the devastated city along with all of Pomerania east of the Oder-Neisse line became Polish, and the remaining Germans either fled or were expelled.

The Grand Duchy, a formidable power, formed in 1385 a dynastic union with Poland and became Christianized, merging into the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1569.

He has stated that his mother tongue was Russian, but he also spoke Yiddish and Polish ; and that became the native language of his children.

After the PZPR was dissolved, Leszek Miller became a co-founder of the Social Democracy of the Polish Republic ( till March 1993, he was Secretary General, then Deputy Chairman and, from December 1997, the Chairman of that party ).

In the late Middle Ages, Lesser Poland gradually became the center of Polish statehood, with Kraków being the capital of the country from mid-11th century until 1596.

The same procedure was used in naming these two Polish provinces – the " older " one, the cradle of Polish statehood, was called Greater Poland, while her " younger sister ", which became part of Poland a few years later, was called Lesser Poland.

The 16-person cabinet of Prime Minister Miller has been the smallest government of the Polish Republic so far.

Some of the Polish forces which were fighting the Soviets in the far South of the nation withdrew to Romania.

In the Russian Orthodox Church, Ukrainian Orthodox Church, Ukrainian Catholic Church, Ruthenian Catholic Church, Polish, Bavarian and Austrian Roman Catholics, and various other Eastern European peoples, the custom developed of using pussy willow instead of palm fronds because the latter are not readily available that far north.

"" Witnessing the aftermath of the Polish October, in which students had protested against the governing Communist Party of Poland, he felt that the Polish people widely disliked their far left government, viewing them as a puppet regime of the foreign Soviet Union.

The origin of Polish music can be traced as far back as the 13th century, from which manuscripts have been found in Stary Sącz, containing polyphonic compositions related to the Parisian Notre Dame School.

The core of the Democratic Party is made up by the members of the Freedom Union ( Unia Wolności, UW ), which had so far been the most important Christian democratic group in the Polish political landscape.

Rybnik's demographic situation remains far better than most of other big Polish cities, with rather young population: 18, 2 % being under the age of 18 and only 15, 9 % older than 65.

As Winona's Kashubians became more acclimated to American society, they came to identify with the far more numerous Polish Americans.

The former Pomerelian Lauenburg and Bütow Land in the far west was held by the Pomeranian dukes as a Polish fief.

There has also been archaeological work done especially at Niani, reputed to be the capital of Mali, by Polish and Guinean archaeologists in the 1960s which revealed the remains of a substantial town dating back as far as the 6th century.

After the Grand Duchy of Lithuania joined the Kingdom of Poland into Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1569, the castles remained a royal property, but the town's importance gradually declined, with the nearby Vilnius and the political center of the Commonwealth in Kraków being far more important.

She was an admirer and long-term associate of Ignacy Jan Paderewski both as far as his music and political activities were concerned, notably on Polish independence.

So far, it has been translated into English ( British and American ), Spanish, German, Dutch, French, Portuguese ( Brazilian ), Danish, Polish, Greek, Czech, Russian, Turkish, Basque and Korean.

Being far more manoeuvrable than the heavily armoured lancers previously employed, the hussars proved vital to the Polish victories at Orsza ( 1514 ) and Obertyn ( 1531 ).

The values associated with intelligentsia, the values of an educated life, are strong in Polish society, though they are far less associated with a nationalistic movement today than in previous centuries.

Soviet officials openly incited mobs to perform killings and robberies against the Polish population, going as far as stating that the Red Army would help to kill and pillage.

The Treaty of Versailles had only vaguely defined the frontiers between Poland and Bolshevik Russia, and post-war events created further turmoil and Poland's Chief of State, Józef Piłsudski, felt the time was right to expand Polish borders as far east as feasible, to be followed by a Polish-led Intermarum federation of East-Central-European states as a bulwark against the re-emergence of German and Russian imperialisms.

In Galicia to the south, General Semyon Budyonny's cavalry advanced far into the Polish rear, capturing Brodno and approaching Lwów and Zamość.

* 24 March 1919 – Commission of NRL ask Polish Government in Warsaw to create separate administration of ex-Prussian Partition, as it is far more developed than rest of the country.

An early Polish settlement featuring an allocated place of pagan worship, which is located near the ancient complex of Poganowo not far from the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea, was unearthed and examined archaeologically as first of its kind only recently, by the scientists from the Wojciech Kętrzyński Museum in Kętrzyn.

At the Potsdam Conference, British and American representatives were initially unwilling to agree to Polish administration being extended as far west as Stalin desired.