It is likely, considering the relative dates of various historical documents, that German experimenters first coined the word Fernsehen, which the Russians then translated to televidenie, and which Perskyi then translated from Russian into French as télévision.

There are several places that claim to be the geographic center of Asia, for example Kyzyl, the capital of Tuva in the Russian Federation, and a village north of Ürümqi, the capital of the Xinjiang region of China.

The problem of imperial invasion was intensified by a Russian claim to the Pacific coast down to the fifty-first parallel and simultaneous European pressure to have all of Latin America returned to its colonial status.

On August 2, 2007, a Russian scientific expedition Arktika 2007 made the first ever manned descent to the ocean bottom at the North Pole, to a depth of, as part of a research programme in support of Russia's 2001 extended continental shelf claim to a large swathe of the Arctic Ocean bottom.

Numerous noble Russian and Ruthenian families claim a male-line descent from Rurik, and via Anne of Kiev, wife of Henry I of France, Rurikid ancestry can also be argued for numerous Western European lineages.

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk marked a significant contraction of the territory which the Bolsheviks controlled or could lay claim to as effective successors of the Russian Empire.

As a result, " No Uyghur or East Turkestan group speaks for all Uyghurs, although it might claim to ", and Uyghurs in each of these camps have committed violence against other Uyghurs who they think are too assimilated to Chinese or Russian society or not religious enough.

The Russian colonization of the Americas covers the period from 1732 to 1867, when the Russian Empire laid claim to northern Pacific Coast territories in the Americas.

The Iranian side has expressed eagerness to know if this means that all Irano – Russian and – Soviet agreements are void, entitling Iran to claim territorial sovereignty over lands lost to Russia by treaties that the parties still consider vivant.

However, this claim was disputed later ; American anthropologist and anatomist Jeffrey Meldrum, who was present during the Russian expedition, claimed the " evidence " found was simply an attempt by local officials to drum up publicity.

The reasons for this break are less clear and simple than those of the split with Austria, but there several key events occurred over the winter of 1799 – 1800 that helped: Bonaparte released 7, 000 captive Russian troops that Britain had refused to pay the ransom for ; Paul grew closer to the Scandinavian countries of Denmark and Sweden, whose claim to neutral shipping rights offended Britain ; Paul had the British ambassador in St. Petersburg recalled and Britain did not replace him, with no clear reason given as to why ; and Britain, needing to choose between their two allies, chose Austria, who had certainly committed to fighting Napoleon to the end.

In the Battle of Bautzen ( 20 – 21 May 1813 ) a combined Russian / Prussian army was pushed back by Napoleon, but escaped destruction, some sources claim, because Michel Ney failed to block their retreat.

These statements are not considered credible evidence of his true date of birth because Jews born under the czars may have needed to claim false ages to avoid the Russian army draft.

Human rights activists claim that Russian police use torture techniques to extract false confessions from detainees.

* Some Russian Internet users claim that there is nothing outside Moscow-that everything outside of the MCAD ( Moscow Circle Road ) is a nuclear desert crossed by gas and oil pipelines, guarded by bears and KGB agents.

In 1721, as part of his drive to both westernize the Russian Empire and assert the monarchy's claim that it was the successor to the Byzantine emperors, Peter the Great imported the Latin word directly into Russian and styled himself imperator ( Императоръ ).

It was sited in Savonia so as to lay claim to the Russian side of the border established by the Treaty of Nöteborg.

" Lenin's claim of an international conspiracy linked up with the Kronstadt events is claimed by Marxist Abbie Bakan to be supported by the discovery of a handwritten memorandum preserved in the Russian Archive of Columbia University, dated 1921 and marked ' Top Secret '.

Russian sparkling wine defeated all the French entries to claim the internationally coveted ' Grand Prix de Champagne '.

Some of these sources claim that the Ethiopian planes were flown by Russian pilots, and the Eritrean planes by Ukrainians.

Some claim that Systema's Russian martial arts heritage dates back to the 10th century and was practiced by the Bogatyr ( Russian heroes / knights ).

Yukos ’ claim in the ECHR argues that the company's rights, protected by the European Convention on Human Rights, were violated in Russian courts, which led to its bankruptcy and liquidation ; it also argues that Yukos has been singled out for discriminatory treatment.

The weekly loss is partly counterbalanced by 500 arrivals each week from West Germany, but the hard truth, says Crossman, is that `` The closing off of East Berlin without interference from the West and with the use only of East German, as distinct from Russian, troops was a major Communist victory, which dealt West Berlin a deadly, possibly a fatal, blow.

Speaking with `` great earnestness '', he said: `` For the Russian people, the question of Poland is not only a question of honor but also a question of security.

The name " Alaska " ( Аляска ) was already introduced in the Russian colonial period, when it was used only for the peninsula and is derived from the Aleut alaxsxaq, meaning " the mainland " or, more literally, " the object towards which the action of the sea is directed ".

Russian abacus began to lose popularity only after the mass production of microcalculators had started in the Soviet Union in 1974.

Since that time, the term Bolshevik has been regarded as obsolete, and relevant only to the pre-Revolutionary times, during the Russian Revolution itself and the Russian Civil War which followed.

However, the Russian culture has two distinct terms: Средняя Азия ( Srednjaja Azija or " Middle Asia ", the narrower definition, which includes only those traditionally non-Slavic, Central Asian lands that were incorporated within those borders of historical Russia ) and Центральная Азия ( Central ' naja Azija or " Central Asia ", the wider definition, which includes Central Asian lands that have never been part of historical Russia ).

The only complete Russian Empire Census was carried out in 1897.

To counter the threat of the Russian T-34s, another, more powerful 50 mm gun was introduced, only to give way to a larger 75 mm cannon, which was in a fixed mount as the StuG III, the most-produced German World War II armored fighting vehicle of any type.

The RSFSR, until the establishment of the Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in 1990, was the only Soviet republic lacking a republic-level party organisation.

For example, the Russian letters Ъ and Ь ( which in writing are only used for modifying the preceding consonant ), and usually also Ы, Й and Ё, are usually omitted.

However only two Russian battleships were seriously damaged due to the proper deployment of torpedo nets.

The 1907 Anglo-Russian Entente ( the Convention of St. Petersburg ) not only divided the region into separate areas of Russian and British influence but also established foundations for Afghan neutrality.

This congress did not have representatives from the remaining Orthodox members of the original Pentarchy ( the Patriarchates of Jerusalem, Antioch, and Alexandria ) or from the largest Orthodox church, the Russian Orthodox Church, then under persecution from the Bolsheviks, but only effective representation from the Patriarch of Constantinople and the Patriarch of Serbia.

This requirement has only been underscored in the west by the appearance of the Russian T-90 main battle tank.

Finland's foreign politics before this deal had been varied: independence from Imperial Russia with support of Imperial Germany in 1917 ; participation in the Russian Civil War ( without official declaration of war ) alongside the Triple Entente 1918 – 1920 ; a non-ratified alliance with Poland in 1922 ; association with the neutralist and democratic Scandinavian countries in the 1930s ended by the Winter War ( 1939 ); and finally in 1940, a rapprochement with Nazi Germany, the only power able to protect Finland against the expansionist Soviet Union, leading to the Continuation War in 1941.

Ethiopia's military victory over Italy, obtained also with Russian support, secured it the distinction of being the only African nation to successfully resist European colonialism during the Scramble for Africa.

The Russian GLObal NAvigation Satellite System ( GLONASS ) was in use by only the Russian military, until it was made fully available to civilians in 2007.

Observing events from French Morocco Orwell wrote that they were "— only a by-product of the Russian Trotskyist trials and from the start every kind of lie, including flagrant absurdities, has been circulated in the Communist press.

The Germans were furious and protested with the linesman vociferously, but because the linesman spoke only Russian, Turkish and Azeri, that was a pointless exercise.

Many scare stories have originated from various Russian gas masks and their filters that are now common in surplus stores ; the GP-5 was often considered to have an asbestos filter, however like most cold-war masks it only contains activated charcoal.

Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin ( ) ( – ) was a Russian Orthodox Christian and mystic who is perceived as having influenced the latter days of the Russian Emperor Nicholas II, his wife Alexandra, and their only son, Alexei.