The word ' Ānanda ' means ' bliss ' in Pali, Sanskrit as well as other Indian languages.

Its latest meaning is more or less similar to the Sanskrit word kalpa and Hebrew word olam.

The primary purpose of this text is to refine the literary concept dhvani or poetic suggestion, by arguing for the existence of rasa-dhvani, primarily in forms of Sanskrit including a word, sentence or whole work " suggests " a real-world emotional state or bhāva, but thanks to aesthetic distance, the sensitive spectator relishes the rasa, the aesthetic flavor of tragedy, heroism or romance.

The word is derived from the Sanskrit root hims – to strike ; himsa is injury or harm, a-himsa is the opposite of this, i. e. non harming or nonviolence.

This thesis is supported by the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, explaining that the Turko-Mongol name Timur underwent a similar evolution, from the Sanskrit word cimara (" iron ") via a modified version * čimr to the final Turkicized version timür, with-ür replacing-r due to the Turkish vowel harmony ( hence babr → babür ).

The word agni is Sanskrit for fire ( noun ), cognate with Latin ignis ( the root of English ignite ), Russian огонь ( fire ), pronounced agon.

The Sanskrit word ' Vāta ' literally means " blown ", ' Vāyu ' " blower ", and ' Prāna ' " breathing " ( viz.

Its name derives from the Sanskrit word for " wheel " or " turning " ( चक ् र ं, pronounced in Hindi ; Pali: cakka चक ् क, Oriya: ଚକ ୍ ର, Malayalam: ചക ് ര ം, Thai: จ ั กระ, Telugu: చక ్ రo, Tamil: சக ் கரம ், Kannada: ಚಕ ್ ರ, Chinese: 輪 / 轮, pinyin: lún,, Wylie: khor lo ).

Bhattacharyya's review of Tantric history says that the word chakra is used to mean several different things in the Sanskrit sources:

The English word Dravidian was first employed by Robert Caldwell in his book of comparative Dravidian grammar based on the usage of the Sanskrit word in the work Tantravārttika by ( Zvelebil 1990 p. xx ).

As for the origin of the Sanskrit word itself there have been various theories proposed.

Based on what Krishnamurti states referring to a scholarly paper published in the International Journal of Dravidian Linguistics, the Sanskrit word itself is later than since the dates for the forms with-r-are centuries later than the dates for the forms without-r-(, -, damela-etc.

The Monier-Williams Sanskrit Dictionary lists for the Sanskrit word a meaning of " collective Name for 5 peoples, viz.

Classical Sanskrit word dharmas would formally match with Latin o-stem firmus < * Proto-Indo-European * dʰer-mo-s " holding ", were it not for its historical development from earlier Rigvedic n-stem.

The word " Emerald " is derived ( via Old French: Esmeraude and Middle English: Emeraude ), from Vulgar Latin: Esmaralda / Esmaraldus, a variant of Latin Smaragdus, which originated in Greek: σμάραγδος ( smaragdos ; " green gem "); its original source being either the Sanskrit word मरकत marakata meaning " emerald " or the Semitic word baraq ( ב ָּ ר ָ ק ; الب ُ راق ; " lightning " or " shine ") ( cf.

The Sanskrit word for emperor is Samrāṭ or Chakravarti ( word stem: samrāj ).

It corresponds to the Proto-Indo-European word puk-meaning " tail of it " ( compare Sanskrit puccha, also " tail ").

The Pali term dukkha ( Sanskrit: duhkha ) is typically translated as " suffering ", but the term dukkha has a much broader meaning than the typical use of the word " suffering ".

Note that purnima or pornima is Sanskrit for full moon, which has also become the Malay word for full moon purnama.

Amara Simhan ( c. AD 375 ) was a Sanskrit grammarian and poet, of whose personal history hardly anything is known.

Amara seems to have been a Buddhist, and most of his work was destroyed, with the exception of what is the celebrated Amara-Kosha ( Treasury of Amara ), a vocabulary of Sanskrit roots, in three books, and hence sometimes called Trikanda or the " Tripartite ".

The Sanskrit text was printed at Calcutta in 1831.

Ajmer ( Sanskrit Ajayameru ) was founded in the late 7th century A. D. by Ajayraj singh Chauhan.

Gautama Buddha or Siddhārtha Gautama Buddha ( Sanskrit: स ि द ् ध ा र ् थ ग ौ तम ब ु द ् ध ; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama ) was a spiritual teacher from the Indian subcontinent,

Borax was known from the deserts of western Tibet, where it received the name of tincal, derived from the Sanskrit.

Sanskrit grammatical case was analyzed extensively.

This has led to such a close connection between Devanāgarī and Sanskrit that Devanāgarī is now widely thought to be the Sanskrit script ; however, before the colonial period there was no standard script for Sanskrit, which was written in whatever script was familiar to the local populace.

In the Sanskrit oral tradition, there was much emphasis on how long ( L ) syllables mix with the short ( S ), and counting the different patterns of L and S within a given fixed length results in the Fibonacci numbers ; the number of patterns that are m short syllables long is the Fibonacci number F < sub > m + 1 </ sub >.

Sanskrit priyā " beloved ") and was known among many northern European cultures with slight name variations over time: e. g. Friggja in Sweden, Frīg ( genitive Frīge ) in Old English, and Fricka in Richard Wagner's operatic cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen.

In grateful recognition of that fact, on the fiftieth anniversary ( May 16, 1866 ) of the date of Windischmann's preface to that work, a fund called Die Bopp-Stiftung, for the promotion of the study of Sanskrit and comparative grammar, was established at Berlin, to which liberal contributions were made by his numerous pupils and admirers in all parts of the globe.

Martineau also wrote: “ Bopp's Sanskrit studies and Sanskrit publications are the solid foundations upon which his system of comparative grammar was erected, and without which that could not have been perfect.

For that purpose, far more than a mere dictionary knowledge of Sanskrit was required.

As a comparative grammarian he was much more than as a Sanskrit scholar ,” and yet “ it is surely much that he made the grammar, formerly a maze of Indian subtilty, as simple and attractive as that of Greek or Latin, introduced the study of the easier works of Sanskrit literature and trained ( personally or by his books ) pupils who could advance far higher, invade even the most intricate parts of the literature and make the Vedas intelligible.

The development changed the nature of the language with massive infusion of Arabic, Tamil, Hindi and Sanskrit vocabularies, called Classical Malay.

However, earlier works, mostly from the Mahāsāṃghika school, use a form of " mixed Sanskrit " in which the original Prakrit has been incompletely Sanskritised, with the phonetic forms being changed to the Sanskrit versions, but the grammar of Prakrit being retained.

For instance, Prakrit bhikkhussa, the possessive singular of bhikkhu ( monk, cognate with Sanskrit bhikṣu ) is converted not to bhikṣoḥ as in Sanskrit but mechanically changed to bhikṣusya.

Mehrangarh ( etymology: ' Mihir ' ( Sanskrit )-sun or Sun-deity ; ' garh ' ( Sanskrit )- fort ; i. e. ' Sun-fort '); according to Rajasthani language pronunciation conventions ,' Mihirgarh ' has changed to ' Mehrangarh '; the Sun-deity has been the chief deity of the Rathore dynasty.

At that moment I decided to attempt breaking Guinness records to inspire others to connect with their own indomitable inner strength .” Around this time, Furman changed his first name to Ashrita (“ protected by God ” in Sanskrit ).

The Sanskrit word later changed to Kābul.

Angulimala's father, the Brahmin chaplain to the king of Kosala, named him Ahimsaka (" the harmless one "-derived from the Sanskrit and Pali word Ahimsa ), as an attempt to deter the dark fate predicted at his birth ( Pad indicates that he was initially named Himsaka (" the harmful one "), but that the name was later changed ).

The Hindi alphabet must represent both Sanskrit and modern vocabulary, and so has been expanded to 58 with the khutma letters ( letters with a dot added ) to represent sounds from Persian and English.

Another Indo-European example is star ( English ), str-( Sanskrit ), tara ( Hindi-Urdu ), étoile ( French ), ἀστήρ ( astēr ) ( Greek or ἀστέρι / ἄστρο, asteri / astro in Modern Greek ), stella ( Italian ), aster ( Latin ) stea ( Romanian and Venetian ), stairno ( Gothic ), astl ( Armenian ), Stern ( German ), ster ( Dutch and Afrikaans ), starn ( Scots ), stjerne ( Norwegian and Danish ), stjarna ( Icelandic ), stjärna ( Swedish ), stjørna ( Faroese ), setāre ( Persian ), stoorei ( Pashto ), seren ( Welsh ), steren ( Cornish ), estel ( Catalan ), estrella Spanish, estrella Asturian and Leonese, estrela ( Portuguese and Galician ) and estêre or stêrk ( Kurdish ), from the PIE, " star ".

In publications of 1647 and 1654, Marcus van Boxhorn first described a rigid methodology for historical linguistic comparisons and proposed the existence of an Indo-European proto-language ( which he called " Scythian ") unrelated to Hebrew, but ancestral to Germanic, Greek, Romance, Persian, Sanskrit, Slavic, Celtic and Baltic languages.

Dyaus, closely related to Greek zeus, div in Persian and deva in Sanskrit ), but the use varies significantly depending on which deity is being discussed.

It is the same source for the names Persian ( زمر ّ د zomorrod ), Turkish ( zümrüt ), Sanskrit ( मरकत ; marakata ), Kannada ( ಪಚ ್ ಚ ೆ ; Pacche ), Telugu ( Paccha ), Georgian ( ზურმუხტი ; zurmukhti ), Russian ( изумруд ; izumrud ) and Armenian zmruxt.

The first paper from his years of study in Paris appeared in Frankfurt am Main in 1816, under the title of Über das Conjugationssystem der Sanskritsprache in Vergleichung mit jenem der griechischen, lateinischen, persischen und germanischen Sprache ( On the Conjugation System of Sanskrit in comparison with that of Greek, Latin, Persian and Germanic ) ( Windischmann contributed a preface ).

He did not need to prove the common parentage of Sanskrit with Persian, Greek, Latin and German, for previous scholars had long established that ; but he aimed to trace the common origin of those languages ' grammatical forms, of their inflections from composition – a task which no predecessor had attempted.

Hari is mentioned in Sanskrit as yellow or golden color equivalent to Persian Zar meaning Gold ( yellow ).

The oldest attested Indo-Iranian languages are Vedic Sanskrit ( ancient Indo-Aryan ), Older and Younger Avestan and Old Persian ( ancient Iranian languages ).

The hypothesis reappeared in 1786 when Sir William Jones first lectured on the striking similarities between three of the oldest languages known in his time: Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit, to which he tentatively added Gothic, Celtic, and Persian, though his classification contained some inaccuracies and omissions.

The English word " jackal " derives from Persian, via Turkish çakal, ultimately from Sanskrit.

The libraries often employed translators and copyists in large numbers, in order to render into Arabic the bulk of the available Persian, Greek, Roman and Sanskrit non-fiction and the classics of literature.

in Persian " nav " ( ship ) probably from shenav or ashenav ( swim ) from avesta ( old Iranian language ) " sna " in Sanskrit " sna " ( The word " naval " came from Latin navalis, " pertaining to ship "; cf.

) and non-European ( Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, Chinese, etc .).

* Srimadajjada Adibhatla Narayana Das ( 1864 – 1945 ) translated the original Persian quatrains and Edward Fitzgerald's English translations into Sanskrit and pure-Telugu.

* Tanittamil Iyakkam, a movement of linguistic purism in Tamil literature attempting to emulate the " unadulterated Tamil language " of the Sangam period, avoiding Sanskrit, Persian and English loanwords

Old Persian tuxāri -, Khotanese ttahvāra, and Sanskrit tukhāra ), and proposed the name " Tocharian " ( German Tocharisch ).

It comes originally from the Pantschatantra and later forms part of other tale collections in Sanskrit, Arabic, French, and Persian.

Another posited derivation is from the Ancient Greek barbaros, the Old Persian varhara, and the Sanskrit varvar and barbara.

The concept of the frame story dates back to ancient Sanskrit literature, and was introduced into Persian and Arabic literature through the Panchatantra.

An early example of the " story within a story " technique can be found in the One Thousand and One Nights, which can be traced back to earlier Persian and Indian storytelling traditions, most notably the Panchatantra of ancient Sanskrit literature.

Other vernacular names include Nimm ( Punjabi ), Vembu ( Tamil ), Arya Veppu ( Malayalam ), Azad Dirakht ( Persian ), Nimba, Arishta, Picumarda ( Sanskrit, Oriya ), Limdo ( Gujarati language ) Kadu-Limba ( Marathi ), Dongoyaro ( in some Nigerian languages ), Margosa, Neem ( نيم ) ( Arabic ), Nimtree, Vepu ( వ ే ప ు), Vempu ( வ ே ம ் ப ு), Vepa ( వ ే ప ) ( Telugu ), Bevu ( ಕಹ ಿ ಬ ೇ ವ ು ( Kannada ), Kodu nimb ( Konkani ), ක ො හ ො ඹ ( Kohomba, Sinhala ), Tamar ( Burmese ), sầu đâu, xoan Ấn Độ ( Vietnamese ), ស ្ ដ ៅ ( Sdao, Khmer ), สะเดา ( Sadao, Thai ), אזדרכת ( Hebrew ), " Maliyirinin " ( Bambara language ) and Paraiso ( Spanish ).

It may be also be derived from Catalan albergínia, from Arabic al-baðinjān from Persian bâdenjân, from Sanskrit vātiga-gama ).

As against this, Arnold J. Toynbee discusses the issue of two Persian names Kambujiya ( Cambyses ) as well as Kurush ( Cyrus ) elaborately and regards them both as derived from the two Eurasian nomads, the Kambojas and the Kurus mentioned in the Sanskrit texts and who, according him, had entered India and Iran in the Volkerwanderung of 8th and 7th century BCE.