However, Eadric eventually revolted and defeated Hlothhere with the aid of the South Saxons.

This is unlikely as Bede tells us that they were all slaughtered by the Saxons under Cædwalla.

Following the destructive assault of the Saxons, the survivors gather together under the leadership of Ambrosius, who is described as ;

The assault consisted of 12 battalions of Dutch infantry commanded by Major Generals Schultz and Spaar ; two brigades of Saxons under Count Schulenburg ; a Scottish brigade in Dutch service led by the 2nd Duke of Argyle ; and a small brigade of Protestant Swiss.

Having unified the Franks under his banner, Charles was determined to punish the Saxons who had invaded Austrasia.

On the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870 he again commanded the Saxons, who were included in the 2nd army under Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia, his old opponent.

Swabia became a duchy under the Frankish Empire in 496, following the Battle of Tolbiac ; in 530 Saxons and Franks destroyed the Kingdom of Thuringia.

From 919 to 936, the Germanic peoples – Franks, Saxons, Swabians, and Bavarians – were united under Henry the Fowler, Duke of Saxony, who took the title of king.

In 441 – 442, Saxons are mentioned for the first time as inhabitants of Britain, when an unknown Gaulish historian wrote: " Britain falls under the rule of the Saxons ".

In 569, some Saxons accompanied the Lombards into Italy under the leadership of Alboin and settled there.

The conversion of the Saxons in England from their original Germanic religion to Christianity occurred in the early to late seventh century under the influence of the already converted Jutes of Kent.

The South Saxons were first evangelised extensively under Anglian influence ; Aethelwalh of Sussex was converted by Wulfhere, King of Mercia, and allowed Wilfrid, Archbishop of York, to evangelise his people beginning in 681.

The conversion of the East Saxons was completed under Cedd only in the 650s and 660s.

A group of nobles supporting Stanisław formed the Confederation of Dzikow late in 1734, and under their commander, Adam Tarło, tried to fight the Russians and Saxons, but their efforts were ineffective.

* The Kingdom of Kent is attacked and conquered by West Saxons under Caedwalla.

Æthelbald suffered a setback in 752, when he was defeated by the West Saxons under Cuthred, but he seems to have restored his supremacy over Wessex by 757.

The power of the West Saxons under Egbert was rising during this period, however, and in 825 Egbert defeated the Mercian king Beornwulf ( who had overthrown Ceolwulf in 823 ) at Ellendun.

* Ambrosius Aurelianus, leader of the Romano-British, defeats the Anglo Saxons under king Vortigern in the Battle of Wallop.

Little is known about the history of the East Saxons during the eighth century, but what evidence there is indicates that both London and Middlesex, which had been part of the kingdom of Essex, were finally brought under Mercian control during the reign of Æthelbald.

In late 1015 Edmund raised an army, possibly assisted by his wife's and mother's links with the midlands and the north, but the Mercians under Eadric Streona joined the West Saxons in submitting to Cnut.

Broglie on the Vltava, weakened by the departure of the Bavarians to oppose Khevenhüller, and of the Saxons to join forces with Frederick, was in no condition to take the offensive, and large forces under Prince Charles of Lorraine lay in his front from Budweis to Jihlava ( Iglau ).

An Austrian contingent from the Main joined the Saxons under Field Marshal Rutowsky ( 1702 – 1764 ), and a combined movement was made in the direction of Berlin by Rutowsky from Saxony and Prince Charles from Bohemia.

* Battle of Wippedesfleot: The Saxons under command of Hengist and Aesc are defeated by the Britons near Ebbsfleet ( Kent ).

There was a small Roman settlement around the wells, but its importance grew under the Saxons when King Ine of Wessex founded a minster church in 704, around which the settlement grew.

The city was a Roman settlement but only became an important centre under the Saxons when King Ine of Wessex founded a minster church in 704.

His son Carloman started a new war against Saxony in 743, because the Saxons gave aid to Duke Odilo of Bavaria.

In the late 12th century, Henry the Lion, Duke of the Saxons, conquered the region, subjugated its local lords, and Christianized its people, in a precursor to the Northern Crusades.

In the late 12th century, Henry the Lion, Duke of the Saxons, conquered the Obotrites, subjugated its Nikloting dynasty, and Christianized its people.

The Frankish realm had begun to progress towards becoming the first real imperial power in Western Europe since the fall of Rome ; however, it continued to struggle against external forces such as the Saxons, Frisians, and internal opponents such as Odo the Great ( Old French: Eudes ), the Duke of Aquitaine.

Pippin assisted Carloman against the Saxons 742-743, when Duke Theoderic was forced to come to terms, and against Odilo of Bavaria in 742 and again in 744, when peace was established between the brothers and their brother-in-law, for Odilo had married their sister Hiltrude.

During the joint reign of Chlothar and Dagobert, who have been called " the last ruling Merovingians ", the Saxons, who had been loosely attached to Francia since the late 550s, rebelled under Duke Berthoald and were defeated and reincorporated into the kingdom by the joint action of father and son.

After his successors from the House of Griffins were defeated by the Saxons at the 1164 Battle of Verchen, they accepted the overlordship of Duke Henry the Lion.

The Duke of Weissenfels commanded the Saxons.

He killed many Saxons before Duke Bernard II of Saxony defeated and captured him ; his lands went to Ratibor of the Polabians.

With Charlemagne's defeat and baptism of Duke Widukind in 785 during the Saxon Wars, his lands were integrated into the Frankish Empire and the Saxons were increasingly converted to Christianity.

They were aldermen who held high status in Sussex: King Watt, Æthelwealh's personal aldermen Berhthun and Andhun, and Bryni Duke of the South Saxons.

This heightened tensions between the royal court and the Saxons ; Magnus ' subsequent release in exchange for seventy Swabians captured in Lüneburg did little to encourage a thaw in relations.

No attempt was made to defend Saxony ; the Saxons fell back into Bohemia and effected a junction with the Austrians.

In the re-organisation of the army which accompanied the march towards Paris the Crown Prince gained a separate command over the 4th army ( Army of the Meuse ) consisting of the Saxons, the Prussian Guard corps, and the IV ( Prussian Saxony ) corps.

The Continental Saxons living in what was known as Old Saxony appear to have consolidated themselves by the end of the 8th century.

Since then, this part of eastern Germany has been referred to as Saxony ( German: Sachsen ), a source of some misunderstanding about the original homeland of the Saxons, with a central part in the present-day German state of Lower Saxony ( German: Niedersachsen ).

The area of the modern state of Saxony should not be confused with Old Saxony, the area inhabited by Saxons.

* 772 – 804: Charlemagne invades what is now northwestern Germany, battling the Saxons for more than thirty years and finally crushing their rebellion, incorporating Saxony into the Frankish Empire and the Christian world.

In 782, when Charlemagne organized Saxony as a Frankish province and ordered forced conversion of the pagan Saxons of Widukind, the Saxons resumed warfare against the Franks.

He also ruled over the greater part of Germany, made expeditions into Saxony, and for some time exacted from the Saxons an annual tribute of 500 cows.

The Duchy of Saxony () originally was the settlement area of the Saxons in the late Early Middle Ages, when they were subdued by Charlemagne during the Saxon Wars from 772 and incorporated into the Carolingian Empire ( Francia ) by 804.

The Saxons were one of the most robust groups in the late tribal culture of the times, and eventually bequeathed their tribe's name to a variety of more and more modern geo-political territories from Old Saxony near the mouth of the Elbe up the river via the Prussian Province of Saxony ( in present-day Saxony-Anhalt ) to Upper Saxony, the Electorate and Kingdom of Saxony from 1806 corresponding with the German Free State of Saxony, which bears the name today though it was not part of the medieval duchy ( see map on the right ).

Ernest Heink was again thrown out of work when Saxons were banned from government positions, and departed to Saxony to find work.

He earned the name Hundingsbane by slaying Hunding, the king of Saxony, and conquered Jutland from the Saxons and entrusted it to his commanders Heske, Eyr and Ler.

When trouble arose between Conrad and Henry the Fowler, duke of Saxony, afterwards King Henry I, the attitude of Conrad was ascribed by the Saxons to the influence of Hatto, who wished to prevent Henry from securing authority in Thuringia, where the see of Mainz had extensive possessions.