It was not until 1963 that the U. S. Supreme Court declared that legal counsel must be provided at the expense of the state for indigent felony defendants, under the federal Sixth Amendment, in state courts.

Although the Sixth Amendment mandates the right to a jury trial in any criminal prosecution, the vast majority of criminal cases in the United States are resolved by the plea-bargaining process.

" The right was expanded with the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which states in part, " In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed.

In Miranda v. Arizona, the Supreme Court held that the admission of an elicited incriminating statement by a suspect not informed of these rights violates the Fifth and the Sixth Amendment right to counsel.

The concept of " Miranda rights " was enshrined in U. S. law following the 1966 Miranda v. Arizona Supreme Court decision, which found that the Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights of Ernesto Arturo Miranda had been violated during his arrest and trial for domestic violence.

The Fifth Amendment right to counsel, a component of the Miranda Rule, is different from the Sixth Amendment right to counsel.

In the context of the law of confessions the Sixth Amendment right to counsel is defined by the Massiah Doctrine.

Once the suspect is formally charged, the Sixth Amendment right to counsel would attach and surreptitious interrogation would be prohibited.

The Massiah Doctrine prohibits the admission of a confession obtained in violation of the defendant ’ s Sixth Amendment right to counsel.

The Sixth Amendment guarantees a defendant a right to counsel in all criminal prosecutions.

The purposes of the Sixth Amendment right to counsel are to protect a defendant ’ s right to a fair trial and to assure that our adversarial system of justice functions properly by providing competent counsel as an advocate for the defendant in his contest against the “ prosecutorial forces ” of the state.

The Sixth Amendment right “ attaches ” once the government has committed itself to the prosecution of the case by the initiation of adversarial judicial proceedings " by way of formal charge, preliminary hearing, indictment, information or arraignment ,".

The Sixth Amendment right to counsel is offense specific — the right only applies to post commencement attempts to obtain information relating to the crime charged.

As noted, information obtained in violation of the defendant's Sixth Amendment right to counsel is subject to suppression unless the government can establish that the defendant waived his right to counsel.

A valid Miranda waiver operates as a wavier of Sixth Amendment right.

Miranda is based on the Sixth Amendment right to counsel and the Fifth Amendment right to remain silent.

Massiah is based on the Sixth Amendment right to counsel.

In cases addressing other encryption software, however, two federal appeals courts have established the rule that cryptographic software source code is speech protected by the First Amendment ( the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in the Bernstein case and the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals in the Junger case ).

On December 14, 2010, in United States v. Warshak, the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit ruled that a person has a reasonable expectation of privacy in his emails and that the government violated Warshak's Fourth Amendment rights by compelling his internet service provider to turn over his emails without first obtaining a warrant based upon probable cause.

The Sixth Amendment ( Amendment VI ) to the United States Constitution is the part of the United States Bill of Rights which sets forth rights related to criminal prosecutions.

Originally, the Supreme Court held that the Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial indicated a right to “ a trial by jury as understood and applied at common law, and includes all the essential elements as they were recognized in this country and England when the Constitution was adopted .” Therefore, it was held that juries had to be composed of twelve persons and that verdicts had to be unanimous, as was customary in England.

Although on the basis of history and precedent the Sixth Amendment mandates unanimity in a federal jury trial, the Supreme Court has ruled that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, while requiring States to provide jury trials for serious crimes, does not incorporate all the elements of a jury trial within the meaning of the Sixth Amendment and does not require jury unanimity.

Actually an underground cistern, its roof supported by rows and rows of pillars, it was built by Justinian in the Sixth Century to supply the palace with water.

Lawry was sacked after the Sixth Test after the selectors finally lost patience with Australia's lack of success and dour strategy.

When Austria joined the ranks of the allies during the War of the Sixth Coalition, Charles was not given a command and the post of commander-in-chief of the allied Grand Army of Bohemia went to the Prince of Schwarzenberg.

Another change was made on November 10, 1963, when Broadway became one-way southbound from Herald Square to Madison Square ( 23rd Street ) and Union Square ( 14th Street ) to Canal Street, and two routes — Sixth Avenue south of Herald Square and Centre Street, Lafayette Street, and Fourth Avenue south of Union Square — became one-way northbound.

: Sixth, Israel is not only the Holy Land where our faith was born and developed, but it plays an essential role in our present and future.

Tsangyang Gyatso, the Sixth Dalai Lama, was not enthroned until 1697.

He was fired for creating A Sixth Part of the World: Advertising and the Soviet Universe for the State Trade Organization into a propaganda film, selling the Soviet as an advanced society under the NEP, instead of showing how they fit into the world economy.

A submarine base was built on the island of Sazan near Vlorë, posing a possible threat to the United States ' Sixth Fleet.

After the abdication of Napoleon following the War of the Sixth Coalition, Austria participated as a leading member of the Holy Alliance at the Congress of Vienna, which was largely dominated by Francis's chancellor Klemens Wenzel, Prince von Metternich culminating in a new European map and the restoration of Francis ' ancient dominions ( except the Holy Roman Empire which was dissolved ).

He was an officer in the War of the Sixth Coalition.

Greenwich Village was allowed to keep the 18th century street pattern of what is now the West Village: areas west of the 18th century Greenwich Lane ( now Greenwich Avenue ) and the early 20th century Sixth Avenue, which were already built up when the plan was implemented, resulting in a neighborhood whose streets are dramatically different, in layout, from the ordered structure of newer parts of town.

The Tenth Street Studio Building was situated at 51 West 10th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues, the building was commissioned by James Boorman Johnston and designed by Richard Morris Hunt.

The Sixth Coalition was formed, and the German states of the Confederation of the Rhine switched sides, finally opposing Napoleon.

He was also elected to and served in the Fifth and Sixth Congresses, serving for a total of three years where he finally retired from that office by the rule of rotation.

In 1931, he went on the Sixth Thule Expedition, designed to consolidate Denmark's claim on a portion of eastern Greenland that was contested by Norway.

Gaddafi rejected both Soviet communism and Western capitalism and claimed he was charting a middle course for his government .< ref > The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, ( 2001 – 2005 ), < u >" Qaddafi, Muammar al -"< u >, Bartleby Books.

The NATO subheadquarters in Malta was closed at the request of the government, and the U. S. Sixth Fleet discontinued recreational visits to the country.

Shi ' as however, believe that the real grave of Ali is found within Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf, Iraq, as was disclosed by the Sixth Twelver Shi ' a Imam, Ja ' far as-Sadiq.

The major event of his pontificate was the Sixth Ecumenical Council ( 680 – 681 ), which suppressed the Monothelite heresy that had been tolerated by previous popes ( Honorius among them ).