It also extended trade regulation of the 1940 German – Soviet Commercial Agreement until August 1, 1942, increased deliveries above the levels of year one of that agreement, settled trading rights in the Baltics and Bessarabia, calculated the compensation for German property interests in the Baltic States now occupied by the Soviets and other issues.

In August 1940, the Soviet Union briefly suspended its deliveries under their commercial agreement after their relations were strained following disagreement over policy in Romania, the Soviet war with Finland, Germany falling behind in its deliveries of goods under the pact and with Stalin worried that Hitler's war with the West might end quickly after France signed an armistice.

Following Kim Il Sung's 1984 visit to Moscow, there was a dramatic improvement in Soviet-DPRK relations, resulting in renewed deliveries of advanced Soviet weaponry to North Korea and increases in economic aid.

American deliveries to the Soviet Union can be divided into the following phases:

* fourth protocol period from 1 July 1944, ( signed 17 April 1945 ), formally ended 12 May 1945 but deliveries continued for the duration of the war with Japan ( which the Soviet Union entered on the 8 August 1945 ) under the " Milepost " agreement until 2 September 1945 when Japan capitulated.

Finland also helped to block Soviet supply deliveries into the city and hosted, supplied and participated within the Lake Ladoga Flotilla which aimed to disrupt Soviet supply delivery.

As a result of the halt of deliveries from the western zones, the Soviet Union started a public relations campaign against American policy and began to obstruct the administrative work of all four zones.

In August 1920, Enver sent Seeckt a letter in which he offered on behalf of the Soviet Union the partition of Poland in return for German arms deliveries to Soviet Russia.

In the summer of 1920, Enver sent Seeckt a letter from Moscow asking for German arms deliveries to the Soviet Union in exchange for which Trotsky promised to partition Poland with the Reich.

Because of tensions caused by these invasions, Germany falling behind in deliveries of goods and Stalin's worries that Hitler's war with the West might end quickly after France signed an armistice, in August 1940, the Soviet Union briefly suspended its deliveries under the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement.

The agreement formally set the border between Germany and the Soviet Union between the Igorka river and the Baltic Sea, It extended trade regulation of the 1940 German-Soviet Commercial Agreement until August 1, 1942, increased deliveries above the levels of year one of that agreement, settled trading rights in the Baltics and Bessarabia, calculated the compensation for German property interests in the Baltic States now occupied by the Soviets and other issues.

From 1984 and 1985, the IRIAF found itself confronted by an ever better organized and equipped opponent, as the Iraqi Air force-reinforced by deliveries of advanced fighter-bombers from France and the Soviet Union-launched numerous offensives against Iranian population centres and oil-export hubs.

Brother Andrew continued this work in smuggling Bibles to many of the Soviet countries and in 1957 was given a blue Volkswagen Beetle which he used to make deliveries within the Communist bloc.

With the establishment of the Soviet system and the entrenchment of a proletarian cultural direction — the culture of the working classes, which included that of village labourers — was actively supported by the Soviet establishment.

A hydrogen bomb — which produced nuclear fusion instead of nuclear fission — was first tested by the United States in November 1952 and the Soviet Union in August 1953.

Popular opinion in the Western World and Former Soviet Union often associates international law with the concept of opposing terrorism — seen as a crime as distinct from warfare.

The Cuban missile crisis — known as the October crisis in Cuba and the Caribbean crisis () in the USSR — was a 13-day confrontation between the Soviet Union and Cuba on one side and the United States on the other ; the crisis occurred in October 1962, during the Cold War.

A second reason Soviet missiles were deployed to Cuba was because Khrushchev wanted to bring West Berlin — the American / British / French-controlled democratic zone within Communist East Germany — into the Soviet orbit.

This thesis is not confirmed by the extensive study on the causes of the dissolution of the Soviet Union by two prominent economists from the World Bank — William Easterly and Stanley Fisher from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Moreover, according to this thesis, a major motivational factor for Gorbachev was his realization that the Soviet Union could not compete economically with the USA However, if economic premises are taken into account, it is not clear why the Soviet leaders did not adopt the Chinese option — economic liberalization with preservation of political system.

The proposition that special operations by the CIA in Saudi Arabia affected the prices of Soviet oil was refuted by Marshall Goldman — one of the leading experts on the economy of the Soviet Union — in his latest book.

In his book he asked why, if Saudi Arabia had such an effect on Soviet oil prices, did prices not fall in 1980 when the production of oil by Saudi Arabia reached its highest level — three times as much oil as in the mid-eighties — and why did the Saudis wait till 1990 to increase their production, five years after the CIA's supposed intervention?

Additionally, the costs of superpower status — the military, space program, subsidies to client states — were out of proportion to the Soviet economy.

* Union of Communist Parties — Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Soviet Union desperately needed supplies for its war against Germany.

Meanwhile the newly captured Soviet general Andrei Andreevich Vlasov, along with his German and Russian allies, was desperately lobbying the German high command, hoping that a green light would be given for the formation of a real armed force that would be exclusively under Russian control.

Whilst he is mostly remembered for songs about love and fate, most of his work held a clearly political message against the Soviet regime, desperately calling for a change.

By 4 April, Sepp Dietrich's 6th SS Panzer Army were already in the Vienna area desperately setting up the city's defenses against the anticipated Soviet Vienna Offensive.

Possibly Mao wanted to appeal to the Comintern and Soviet Union behind Wang, from whom Mao desperately needed support both in money and weaponry.

Additionally, the Soviet Union was willing to fund Egypt because in return, it received access to warm water ports, which it desperately needed to spread its influence.

The Soviet Union desperately needed supplies for its war against Germany.

The Soviet Union desperately needed supplies for its war against Germany.

As Friessner desperately struggled to reform a defensive line, news filtered through to Berlin that the Hungarian leader, Admiral Miklós Horthy was preparing to sign a separate peace with the Soviet Union.

Newly independent Armenia needed the income from foreign sales of Nairit rubber and chemical products, many of which had been assigned exclusively to that plant under the Soviet system and were still unavailable elsewhere to the former Soviet republics in the early 1990s.

This was just the opportunity the German Luftwaffe, Italian Regia Aeronautica, and the Soviet Union's Red Air Force needed to test their latest aircraft.

In December 1978 the PDPA leadership signed an agreement with the Soviet Union which would allow military support for the PDPA in Afghanistan if needed.

Due to a lack of Strategic bombers, the Luftwaffe could not strike at Soviet production centers regularly or with the needed force.

This was a secret airfield and its loss would have shut off the critically needed supply of medium bombers to British forces in Egypt and to the Soviet forces in Russia.

The emerging doctrine of containment ( as opposed to rollback ) argued that the United States needed to substantially aid non-communist countries to stop the spread of Soviet influence.

Although some proponents of mobile warfare — such as J. F. C. Fuller — advocated building " tank fleets ", others — such as Heinz Guderian in Germany, Adna R. Chaffee Jr. in the United States, and Mikhail Tukhachevsky in the Soviet Union — recognized that tank units required close support from infantry and other arms, and that these supporting arms needed to maintain the same pace as the tanks.

At the same time, throughout early 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union had discussed a possibility of an economic deal involving industrial equipment and armament for the USSR in exchange for raw materials needed for German war production.

Stalin was waiting to see whether the Germans would halt within the agreed area, and also the Soviet Union needed to secure the frontier in the Far East.

After the war, defenders of the Soviet position argued that it was necessary to enter into a non-aggression pact with Germany to buy time, since the Soviet Union was not in a position to fight a war in 1939, and needed at least three years to prepare.

As early as 1925, Hitler suggested in Mein Kampf that he would invade the Soviet Union, asserting that the German people needed Lebensraum (" living space ", i. e. land and raw materials ) and that these should be sought in the East.

The Soviet Union's policy of compelling the socialist governments of its satellite states to subordinate their national interests to those of the " Eastern Bloc " ( through military force if needed ) became known as the Brezhnev Doctrine.

Stalinist rapid industrialization in the Soviet Union was officially designed to accelerate the Marxian development towards communism, stressing that such rapid industrialization was needed because the country was previously economically backward in comparison with other countries ; and that it was needed in order to challenge internal and external enemies of communism.

However, in the former Soviet Union GDP decreased as their economies restructured to produce goods they needed and some capital flight occurred.

When German reunification was on the agenda in summer 1989, Powell claimed that Britain urgently needed to create an alliance with the Soviet Union in view of Germany's effect on the balance of power in Europe.

For example, the directors of Soviet state firms were rewarded for meeting output targets under difficult conditions, such as uncertainty about whether needed inputs would be delivered in time and in the right assortment.

In the words of Secretary of State Dean Acheson, who testified before Congress, Western Europe needed assistance against Soviet “ encroachment .” The measure was intended to signal Washington ’ s resolve to allies and to the Kremlin that the United States was capable of and committed to containing communism globally, even while it fought a protracted land war in Korea.

However, Soviet physicists were unable to refine the physics needed to harness the ability of Element-115 for spacetime distortion.

By 1946, Soviet designers were still having trouble in perfecting the German-designed, axial-flow jet engine, and new airframe designs and near-sonic wing designs were threatening to outstrip development of the jet engines needed to power them.

Typical story elements include Tom's loyal and quip-prone friend Bud Barclay, his comic-relief cook " Chow " Winkler, spies ( typically from Soviet stand-ins Brungaria or Kranjovia ), use of a wonder-material called Tomasite that did anything the story needed, the amazingly versatile force-ray repelatron, and atomic-powered everything, including the aforesaid atomicar.

Its mission was to establish an air route between Great Falls and Ladd Field, Fairbanks, Alaska, as part of the United States Lend-Lease Program that supplied the Soviet Union with aircraft and supplies needed to fight the German Army.

" He shared President Reagan's conviction that the Soviet Union posed a serious threat to the United States, and that the defense establishment needed to be modernized and strengthened.