When Napoleon's ship had borne him to Elba, French wines had started to cross the Channel, the first shipments in a dozen war-ridden years, but the supplies had not yet reached rural hostelries where the sweet wines of the Spanish peninsula still ruled.

What started as an elitist political movement against their colonial master, finally ended as a full-fledged civil war between pro-Independence Criollos who sought political and economic independence from Spain and royalist Criollos, who supported the continued allegiance to and permanence within the Spanish Empire of the Kingdom of Chile.

Cuitláhuac was made tlatoani of Tenochtitlan during the Spanish conquest of Mexico ; After Pedro de Alvarado had ordered the massacre in the Main Temple, the Aztecs were very upset and started to fight and put a siege to the Spaniards.

The capital of the Spanish Captaincy General of Guatemala, covering most of modern Central America, was moved here after a series of earthquakes — the Santa Marta earthquakes that started on July 29, 1773 — destroyed the old capital, Antigua Guatemala.

Globe magazine also appears monthly, having first started as a bi-lingual publication which produced two versions of each of its articles-one in English and the other in Spanish.

In 1780, the Spanish returned to Trujillo, who started out as base of operations against British settlements to the east.

When the " Salvador Ibáñez " workshop was destroyed during the Spanish Civil War, the " Ibanez Salvador " guitars were no longer available, so Hoshino Gakki bought the " Ibanez Salvador " brand name rights and started making Spanish acoustic guitars in 1935, at first using the " Ibanez Salvador " brand name, and then later using the " Ibanez " brand name.

The Spanish musical started to expand and grow.

Before the French and Spanish occupation of Morocco, which started in 1912, the country's defence force was made of a regular Makhzen army, and of a less organized but much more powerful Berber tribes ' militias.

Starting in the 1980s, new snack restaurants started serving " Bocadillo " ( a Spanish word for a sandwich, widely used in Morocco ).

Peace negotiations between France and the Habsburgs, provided by the Holy Roman Emperor and the Spanish King, were to be started in Cologne in 1636.

In 1996, the Unification Church started a $ 10-million project called Tiempos Del Mundo, a newspaper in Spanish circulating in 16 countries of Latin America, " a newspaper for half a Hemisphere ", as The New York Times called it.

In 1942, on the set of Un garibaldino al convento, he met Spanish actress Maria Mercader ( sister of Ramon Mercader, Trotsky's assassin ), with whom he started a relationship.

16th century trade routes prey to privateering: Spanish Spanish treasure fleet | treasure fleet s linking the Caribbean to Seville, Manila galleon | Manila-Acapulco galleons started in 1568 ( white ) and rival Portuguese India Armadas of 1498-1640 ( blue )

Spanish hip hop was started in 1979. The mean machine was first with disco rapping.

Officially owned by the Evergreen House Foundation, an independent entity started by Zuloaga's great friend, philanthropist Alice Warder Garrett ( 1877-1952 ), Evergreen's works include full-length portraits of Mrs. Garrett ( 1915 ; 1934 ); a seated portrait of Ambassador John Work Garrett ( 1872-1942 ); a Spanish landscape ; a painting based on the opera, " Goyescas "; and a landscape of Calatayud ( Spain ).

This restriction would only end with the absorption of Portugal into the Spanish crown of Philip II after the 1578 Battle of Ksar El Kebir, when Spain started to take direct actions in Morocco, as in the occupation of Larache.

England, which was at the head of the opposite nations proposed Charles VI as the heir of the Spanish throne and in 1702 a European war started ( the War of the Spanish Succession ).

Cavalier also started out as a pejorative term — the first proponents used it to compare members of the Royalist party with Spanish Caballeros who had abused Dutch Protestants during the reign of Elizabeth I — but unlike Roundhead, Cavalier was embraced by those who were the target of the epithet and used by them to describe themselves.

However the Spanish kings refused to give it up, and thus one of the most difficult times started, the so-called " retorsie tijd " in which the population suffered from both Spanish as Dutch oppression.

In 2002 started the first serious attempt by the Spanish government to ban the party.

The Spanish general Francisco Castillo Fajardo defeated a combined Anglo-Dutch invasion led by the English Admiral Sir George Rooke aimed at seizing Cadiz.

In 1813 an American force succeeded in seizing Mobile, Alabama from the Spanish.

Buckingham led an expedition to repeat the actions of Sir Francis Drake by seizing the main Spanish port at Cádiz and burning the fleet in its harbour.

When the wars of the American Revolutionary War, broke out Spanish forces attempted to eliminate the British presence, seizing the settlement at Black River, and driving British settlers from the isle of Roatán, however this ultimately failed when the Anglo Irish soldier Edward Despard with armed settlers retook the settlements.

They encouraged Spanish merchant ships to take advantage of the political disruption and considered making direct attacks on Portuguese vessels returning from Guinea, with the objective of seizing the monopoly.

At the time van Mander was writing, Haarlem was recovering from its period under Spanish occupation, and though officially all Catholic property had been seized by the state since 1572, the city fathers had agreed to let nuns and monks ' die out ' in their convents and monasteries, rather than seizing all of their possessions immediately and putting them out on the street.

As in previous wars, the French easily defeated the Spanish forces, seizing a number of towns, including Courtrai and Diksmuide.

Spanish forces defending the area were desperately short of food, and delayed attacking until the Marines had completed unloading their stores in hopes of seizing the American supplies.

Laborde noted that seizing Cuzco Well and destroying it would inevitably force Spanish forces to retreat to all the way Ciudad Guantánamo ( Guantánamo City ).

In 1799 he had been given command of the frigate HMS Alcmene, during which time he captured dozens of small merchant ships and had a hand in seizing the Spanish treasure frigate Santa Brigada with $ 1, 400, 000 on board.

The Franco-Spanish War ( 1635 – 59 ) ended ambiguously, despite some Spanish concessions ; the Spanish maintained their main territorial holdings in the Low Countries, Italy and Catalonia after expelling French forces from most of the territory they had invaded and the Spanish continued to make incursions of their own, seizing a number of northern French forts which were held until the war's end.

Delegates retained the traditional Spanish prohibition against seizing a debtor's physical property and extended it to forbid imprisonment as a punishment for debt.

Spain began its campaign by seizing the Chincha Islands, which were rich in guano, and demanding indemnity as recompense for the murder of two Spanish citizens in Lambayeque.

Soon after they arrived in the islands in 1492, or 1512, the Spanish began capturing the Taínos of the Turks and Caicos Islands and the Lucayans as slaves ( technically, as workers in the encomienda system ) to replace the largely depleted native population of Hispaniola.

By that time the Spanish had been using first Indians ( the Lucayans from the Bahamas were particularly prized for the task ) and then Africans to dive for pearls around the islands near present-day Venezuela.

This first island to be visited by Columbus was called Guanahani by the Lucayans, and San Salvador by the Spanish.

When the Spanish decided to evacuate the remaining Lucayans to Hispaniola in 1520, they could find only eleven in all of the Bahamas.

During the first voyage of the explorer Christopher Columbus ( mandated by the Spanish crown to conquer ) contact was made with the Lucayans in the Bahamas and the Taíno in Cuba and the northern coast of Hispaniola, and a few of the native people were taken back to Spain.

The Spanish reported that the Tainos also grew sweet potatoes, cocoyams, arrowroot, leren, yampee, peanuts, beans and cucurbits, and the Lucayans probably took most, if not all, of those crops with them to the Bahamas.

This first island to be visited by Columbus was called Guanahani by the Lucayans, and San Salvador by the Spanish.

The Bahamas held little of interest to the Spanish other than the Lucayans.

In 1509 Ferdinand II of Aragon ordered that Indians be imported from nearby islands to make up the population losses in Hispaniola, and the Spanish began capturing Lucayans in the Bahamas for use as laborers in Hispaniola.

The Spanish may have carried away as many as 40, 000 Lucayans by 1513.

" When the Spanish decided to evacuate the remaining Lucayans to Hispaniola in 1520, they could find only eleven in all of the Bahamas.

Mayaguana was inhabited by Lucayans prior to the arrival of the Spanish following 1492.

After the last of the Lucayans were carried off to Hispaniola by the Spanish early in the 16th century, the island remained uninhabited until 1812, when people began to migrate from the Turks and Caicos Islands, which are located about 100 km southeast.

The island's original inhabitants, the Lucayans, had been decimated through the slaving activities of the Spanish and the numerous European diseases, especially smallpox, that followed.