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The Stone – Čech compactification βX of a topological space X is the largest compact Hausdorff space " generated " by X, in the sense that any map from X to a compact Hausdorff space factors through
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Stone and Čech
Among those Hausdorff compactifications, there is a unique " most general " one, the Stone – Čech compactification βX.
To understand the concept, it is useful to study several examples first, of which there are many: all free objects, direct product and direct sum, free group, free lattice, Grothendieck group, product topology, Stone – Čech compactification, tensor product, inverse limit and direct limit, kernel and cokernel, pullback, pushout and equalizer.
There is also the Stone – Čech compactification of the real line, which involves adding an infinite number of additional points.
In the mathematical discipline of general topology, Stone – Čech compactification is a technique for constructing a universal map from a topological space X to a compact Hausdorff space βX.
A form of the axiom of choice is required to prove that every topological space has a Stone – Čech compactification.
The Stone – Čech construction can be performed for more general spaces X, but the map X → βX need not be a homeomorphism to the image of X ( and sometimes is not even injective ).
One attempt to construct the Stone – Čech compactification of X is to take the closure of the image of X in
In order to verify that this is the Stone – Čech compactification, we just need to verify that it satisfies the appropriate universal property.
In case X is a completely regular Hausdorff space, the Stone – Čech compactification can be identified with the spectrum of C < sub > b </ sub >( X ).
( A similar but slightly more involved construction of the Stone – Čech compactification as a set of certain maximal filters can also be given for a general Tychonoff space.
The Stone – Čech compactification can be used to characterize ( the Banach space of all bounded sequences in the scalar field R or C, with supremum norm ) and its dual space.
The advantages of the Alexandroff compactification lie in its simple, often geometrically meaningful structure and the fact that it is in a precise sense minimal among all compactifications ; the disadvantage lies in the fact that it only gives a Hausdorff compactification on the class of locally compact, noncompact Hausdorff spaces, unlike the Stone – Čech compactification which exists for any Tychonoff space, a much larger class of spaces.
* In 1934, he published two papers setting out what is now called Stone – Čech compactification theory.
* Stone – Čech compactification, mathematical technique, propounded in 1937 by Marshall Stone and Eduard Čech, which enables construction of universal map from topological space
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