It has been asserted by Mansoor Ijaz that in 1996 while the Clinton Administration had begun pursuit of the policy, the Sudanese government allegedly offered to arrest and extradite Bin Laden as well as to provide the United States detailed intelligence information about growing militant organizations in the region, including Hezbollah and Hamas, and that U. S. authorities allegedly rejected each offer, despite knowing of bin Laden's involvement in bombings on American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.

Hot spots in the present civil war. The war started on December 23, 2005, when the government of Chad declared a state of war with Sudan and called for the citizens of Chad to mobilize themselves against the " common enemy ," which the Chadian government sees as the Rally for Democracy and Liberty ( RDL ) militants, Chadian rebels, backed by the Sudanese government, and Sudanese militiamen.

" This attack was the final straw that led to the declaration of war by Chad and the alleged deployment of the Chadian airforce into Sudanese airspace, which the Chadian government denies.

Chad insists that both rebel groups are supported by the Sudanese government.

The conflict in the border region of Darfur has become an increasingly bi-national affair as increasing numbers of Sudanese flee to refugee camps in Chad, and Sudanese government troops and militias cross the borders to strike at both these camps and specific ethnic groups.

Chad broke diplomatic relations with Sudan at least twice in 2006 because it believed the Sudanese government was supporting Janjaweed and UFDC rebels financially and with arms.

Subsequently, the Government of Eritrea hosted a conference of Sudanese opposition leaders in June 1995 in an effort to help the opposition unite and to provide a credible alternative to the present government in Khartoum.

Relations between Ethiopia and Sudan were very good following the end of the Ethiopian Civil War, due to the support that the Sudanese government had given to the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front.

The subsequent investigation revealed that Sudan was involved in this act, forcing the Ethiopian government to take a series of steps against Sudan that September, which included closing the Sudanese consulate in Gambela, reducing the number of Sudanese embassy staff, and terminating all Sudan Airways and Ethiopian Airlines flights between the two countries.

In May 2008, residents along the western Ethiopian border reportedly discovered that the government had agreed to demarcate this boundary when Sudanese soldiers forced them out of their homes.

Some of the NIF policies, such as the war with the non-Muslim south, have been reversed, though the National Islamic Front ( now named the National Congress Party ) still holds considerable power in the Sudanese government.

Recent revelations by Wikileaks provide that " it is a badly kept secret " that there has been an ongoing process of armaments purchases on behalf of the Southern Sudanese government by the Kenyan government.

* 1983 – Sudan People's Liberation Army / Movement rebels against the Sudanese government.

The Sudanese government and the strongest Darfur rebel group, the Justice and Equality Movement, also signed an agreement in Doha.

First was a Sudanese Pharmaceutical company suspected of assisting Osama Bin Laden in making chemical weapons.

An extreme example was in the Battle of Omdurman, in which a large army of Sudanese Mahdists armed in a traditional manner were destroyed by an Anglo-Egyptian force equipped with Maxim guns.

The decisive colonial battle for Chad was fought on April 22, 1900 at Battle of Kousséri between forces of French Major Amédée-François Lamy and forces of the Sudanese warlord Rabih az-Zubayr.

On May 11, 2008 Sudan announced it was cutting diplomatic relations with Chad, claiming that it was helping rebels in Darfur to attack the Sudanese capital Khartoum.

During the Second Sudanese Civil War ( 1983 – 2005 ), there was a massive uncontrolled crossing of the Sudan-C. A. R.

They spread its use into North Africa where it was adopted by Mamluk Egyptians and the Sudanese who produced it until the early 20th century.

The Nile enters Egypt a few kilometres north of Wadi Halfa, a Sudanese town that was completely rebuilt on high ground when its original site was submerged in the reservoir created by the Aswan High Dam.

As such Egypt was not directly involved in the Sudan Peace Process that was hosted in Kenya under the auspices of IGAD and that gave the peoples of south Sudan the right to secede and form an independent state in 2001 after the long and brutal Sudanese civil war that cumulatively lasted more than 40 years and claimed over 2 million lives.

It was reported that as many as 2, 000 people were displaced in the Gambela Region, and the Sudanese army reportedly set fire to two dozen Ethiopian farms and imprisoned 34 people in the Amhara Region.

Following the revolt, Muhammad Pasha, the son of Muhammad Ali, expelled nearly 10, 000 of the local peasants to Egypt, while bringing loyal Arab peasants from Egypt and discharged soldiers to settle the coastline of Palestine, northern Jordan Valley was settled by his Sudanese troops.

She was granted Sudanese citizenship for her services to the country, becoming the first foreigner to receive a Sudanese passport.

Both the Sudanese government and the head of the SPLA blamed the weather for the accident.

The Chinese Xinhua General News Service even published an article claiming that the Sudanese government blamed the U. S. for raising cancer rates among the Sudanese people.

This rate is a small fraction of the millions killed in the Second Sudanese Civil War and Cambodian Civil War, for example, but excludes several highly publicized conflicts, such as The Troubles of Northern Ireland and the struggle of the African National Congress in Apartheid-era South Africa.

While normalization of ties continues, Eritrea has been recognized as a broker for peace between the separate factions of the Sudanese civil war.

Sudanese surgeon Nahid Toubia — president of RAINBO ( Research, Action and Information Network for the Bodily Integrity of Women ) — told the BBC in 2002 that campaigning against FGM involved trying to change women's consciousness: " By allowing your genitals to be removed is perceived that you are heightened to another level of pure motherhood — a motherhood not tainted by sexuality and that is why the woman gives it away to become the matron, respected by everyone.

Instead, popular opinion is that they were being clandestinely imported for the southern Sudanese army, which has an arms embargo against it.

* 2009 – The International Criminal Court ( ICC ) issues an arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir for war crimes and crimes against humanity in Darfur.

With the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation abolished in 1993 and the ruling National Islamic Front ( NIF ) forming the National Congress Party ( NCP ), the new party included some non-Muslim members ; mainly Southern Sudanese politicians, some of whom were appointed as ministers or state governors.

Since January 2007, a new currency was introduced in parallel to the Sudanese dinar (< tt > SDG </ tt >), the new Sudanese pound (< tt > SDG </ tt >) at the conversion rate of one new pound for one hundred dinars ( or one thousand old pounds ).

This was a grave mistake, for the Sudanese had fought together in World War II and this broke unit cohesion.

This is significant for the Sudanese, for it was the first time it had an independent army that was not governed by Britain or Egypt.

An attack on the Chadian town of Adre near the Sudanese border led to the deaths of either one hundred rebels, as every news source other than CNN has reported, or three hundred rebels.

The Sudanese Air Force runs a mixture of planes, including Mil Mi-24 attack helicopters, Chengdu J-7 fighters, MiG-29 fighters, Su-25 close air support aircraft, and Q-5 ' Fantan ' ground attack aircraft, and Antonov medium and long transport aircraft.

On May 11, 2008 Sudan announced it was cutting diplomatic relations with Chad, claiming that it was helping rebels in Darfur to attack the Sudanese capital Khartoum

A U. S. judge has held Sudan liable for the attack, while another has released over $ 13 million in Sudanese frozen assets to the relatives of those killed.

Critics of the attack have estimated that up to tens of thousands of Sudanese civilians died throughout Sudan as the supply of necessary drugs was cut off.

He continued that, despite this, the British government ( who publicly backed the U. S. attack ) refused requests " to resupply chloroquine in emergency relief until such time as the Sudanese can rebuild their pharmaceutical production ".

The Sudanese government wants the plant preserved in its destroyed condition as a reminder of the American attack and also offered an open door to the U. S. for chemical testing at the site, however, the U. S. refused the invitation.

NATO's Deputy Assistant Secretary General for WMD, Guy Roberts cited the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, the 1998 US attack on a Sudanese pharmaceutical plant, ( identified by US intelligence to have been a chemical weapons facility ) and the 1981 Israeli attack on Iraq ’ s nuclear facility at Osirak as examples of the counter-proliferation self-help paradigm.

Werner Daum ( Germany's ambassador to Sudan 1996 – 2000 ) wrote an article in which he estimated that the attack " probably led to tens of thousands of deaths " of Sudanese civilians.

Hashim was supported by exiled Sudanese in Canada who launched the " Friends of Hashim Campaign " to support his attack on al-Turabi.

Sudanese diplomats assisted the planned attack on the United Nations Headquarters.

As part of this protest, the Presbyterian Church of Sudan sued the company in an American court for genocide, stating that Talisman had helped Sudanese officials " bomb churches, kill church leaders and attack villages in an effort to clear the way for oil exploration.