Also similar to the Qin, traditional history has judged the Sui somewhat unfairly, as it has stressed the harshness of the Sui regime and the arrogance of its second emperor, giving little credit for the Dynasty's many positive achievements.

Following the Sui Dynasty's example, the Tang abandoned the nine-rank system in favor of a large civil service system.

He came from a prominent clan, and his great-granduncle Li Yuancao ( 李元操 ) was a well-known official during Tang Dynasty's predecessor Sui Dynasty.

Baekje's commercial positions along the Yellow Sea coast were now dominated by Goguryeo, trading outposts in China were lost to the Sui Dynasty's unification, and Japan's political centralization outgrew Baekje's influence as well.

Despite his accomplishments, Emperor Yang was generally considered by traditional historians to be one of the worst tyrants in Chinese history and the reason for the Sui Dynasty's relatively short rule.

* Prince Shotoku of Japan appoints Ono no Imoko as official envoy to Sui for a second time and sends him to pay tribute to the Sui court.

The Grand Canal was fully completed under the second Sui emperor, from the years 604 to 609, first by linking Luoyang to the Yangzhou ( and the Yangzi valley ), then expanding it to Hangzhou ( south ), and to Beijing ( north ).

In 154 BC, an unrelated Zhao ( 赵 ), headed by Liu Sui ( 劉遂 ), the Prince of Zhao kingdom, participated in the unsuccessful Revolt of the Seven Kingdoms ( 七国之乱 ) against the newly installed second Emperor of the China's centralist Han Dynasty.

It is held from around September ( start of the Sui New Year ) to November ( second month of the Sui calendar ).

The Sui Dynasty reunified China in 581, and under the succeeding Tang Dynasty ( 618 – 907 ) China entered a second golden age.

* 582 A. D .: Emperor Ming of Western Liang marries his daughter, Princess Xiao of Western Liang, to Yang Guang, Prince of Jin, the second son and eventual successor of Emperor Ming's overlord Emperor Wen of Sui.

The second phase saw slow development of caves as there was interruption due to strife in the region, between 524 and 626, during the reign of the Sui dynasty ( 581-618 ) and the early part of the Tang dynasty

Under the second Sui Dynasty ( 581 – 617 CE ) Emperor Yangdi ( r. 604 – 617 ), Yangzhou was the southern capital of China and called Jiangdu upon the completion of the Jinghang ( Grand ) Canal until the fall of the dynasty.

Li Yuan was also able to gather support from these successes and, with the disintegration of the Sui dynasty in July 617, Li Yuan – urged on by his second son Li Shimin ( the eventual Emperor Taizong ) – rose in rebellion.

Meanwhile, Li Yuan's second son, by his wife Duchess Dou ( who had died earlier ), Li Shimin, was with him in Taiyuan, and was secretly planning rebellion against Sui rule with Pei Ji the head of the household at Emperor Yang's secondary palace nearby and Liu Wenjing the Jinyang County ( 晉陽, i. e., Taiyuan ) magistrate, but at first did not reveal their plans to Li Yuan.

The following year a second and final embassy was sent to Northern Zhou, which was conquered by Sui in 581.

Emperor Yang of Sui ( 隋煬帝, 569-April 11, 618 ), personal name Yang Guang ( 楊廣 ), alternative name Ying ( 英 ), nickname Amo ( 阿摩 ), known as Emperor Ming ( 明帝 ) during the brief reign of his grandson Yang Tong ), was the second son of Emperor Wen of Sui, and the second emperor of China's Sui Dynasty.

Ono was then appointed envoy to Sui for a second time in the fall of 608 and accompanied Pei Shiqing on his return trip to China.

When Imoko was first sent as an envoy to the Sui court in 607, he was ranked Greater Propriety ( 5th rank ), but he was eventually promoted to the top rank of Greater Virtue because of his achievements, particularly during his second trip to Sui in 608.

* Emperor Wen of Sui, founder and first emperor of Chinese Sui Dynasty

Empress Deng Sui placed her son Shang Di ( barely 3 months old ) on the throne, as the fifth emperor of the Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty.

* Han Andi ( An-ti, Ngan-ti ), a young man, becomes emperor of China, giving power to Empress Deng Sui.

* Sui Gong Di succeeds Sui Yang Di as emperor of China.

The mothers of both Emperor Yang of Sui ( r. 604 – 617 ) and the founding emperor of Tang were sisters, making these two emperors of different dynasties first cousins.

In 617, Li Yuan occupied Chang ' an and acted as regent over a puppet child emperor of the Sui, relegating Emperor Yang to the position of Taishang Huang, or retired emperor / father of the present emperor.

The Sui Dynasty began when Emperor Wen's daughter became the Empress Dowager of Northern Zhou, with her stepson as the new emperor.

By 589 CE, Sui troops entered Jiankang ( Nanjing ) and the last emperor of the southern Chen dynasty surrendered.

Eventually resentment of the emperor increased and the wars, coupled with revolts and assassinations, led to the fall of the Sui Dynasty.

Servants often addressed the emperor as Wan Sui Ye ( 萬歲爺, lit.

According to the Song Sui ( History of Song ), a Japanese monk offered the folding fans ( twenty wooden-bladed fans and two paper fans ) to the emperor of China in 988.

Sui dynasty poets include Yang Guang ( 580-618 ), who was the last Sui emperor ( and a sort of poetry critic ); and also, the Lady Hou, one of his consorts.

Yang Zhao ( 楊昭 ) ( 584 – 606 ), formally Crown Prince Yuande ( 元德太子, literally " the discerning and nurturing crown prince "), posthumously honored as Emperor Xiaocheng ( 孝成皇帝, literally " the filial and successful emperor ") with the temple name Shizong ( 世宗 ) during the brief reign of his son Yang Tong, was a crown prince of the Chinese dynasty Sui Dynasty.

The idea for the Control Yuan was inspired by a long tradition of supervision used in past dynasties, ranging from the Censor ( 御史 ; yù shǐ ) established by the Qin ( 秦 ) and Han ( 漢 ) dynasties to the tái ( 臺 ) and jiàn ( 諫 ) offices established under the Sui ( 隋 ) and Tang ( 唐 ) dynasties ( tai were selected to supervise civil officials and military officers, while jian were selected to counsel the emperor on supervisory matters ) to the Board of Public Censors ( 都察院 ; dūchá-yuàn ) selected under the Ming ( 明 ) and Qing ( 清 ) dynasties.

In the early 7th century, however, the new Sui emperor Yangdi learned of secret Goguryeo correspondence with the Eastern Turkish khanate.

To make matters worse, its final emperor Chen Shubao was an incompetent and indulgent ruler, and Chen was eventually destroyed by Northern Zhou's successor state Sui.

The first foot-sensor-activated automatic door was made in China during the reign of Emperor Yang of Sui ( r. 604 – 618 ), who had one installed for his royal library.

Book of Sui reported that when Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei overthrew Juqu Mujian's Northern Liang on October 18, 439, Ashina's 500 families fled to the Rouran Khaganate.

* 631 – Emperor Taizong of Tang, the Emperor of China, sends envoys to the Xueyantuo bearing gold and silk in order to seek the release of enslaved Chinese prisoners captured during the transition from Sui to Tang from the northern frontier ; this embassy succeeded in freeing 80, 000 Chinese men and women who were then returned to China.

* Emperor Wen of Sui ( b. 541 )

* Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty orders the capital to be transferred from Chang ' an to Luoyang, and orders the Grand Canal to be built.

* Emperor Gong of Sui

* After the completion of the Grand Canal of China, Emperor Yang of Sui led a recorded long naval flotilla of ships from the north down to his southern capital at Yangzhou.

* July 21 – Emperor Wen of Sui

* September 8 – Emperor Yang of Sui

* June 18 – The Sui Dynasty ends and three centuries of the Tang Dynasty begin in China with the assumption of Emperor Gaozu of Tang to the throne.

* Emperor Yang of Sui ( b. 569 )

* Emperor Gong of Sui

Li Yuan ( later to become Emperor Gaozu of Tang, r. 618 – 626 ) was the Duke of Tang and former governor of Taiyuan when other government officials were fighting off bandit leaders in the collapse of the Sui Empire, caused in part by a failed Korean campaign.

Portrait painting of Emperor Yang of Sui, commissioned in 643 by Emperor Taizong of Tang | Taizong, painted by Yan Liben ( 600 – 673 )

On June 11, 631, Emperor Taizong also sent envoys to the Xueyantuo bearing gold and silk in order to persuade the release of enslaved Chinese prisoners who were captured during the transition from Sui to Tang from the northern frontier ; this embassy succeeded in freeing 80, 000 Chinese men and women who were then returned to China.

Founded by Emperor Wen of Sui, the Sui Dynasty capital was at Chang ' an ( which was renamed Daxing ).

Besides employing Xianbei and other Chinese ethnic groups for the fight against Chen, Emperor Wen also employed the service of aborigines from southeastern Sichuan, a people that Sui had recently conquered.