The Speak & Read used a single-chip voice synthesizer, the TI TMC0280 ( later called the TMS5100 ), that was also used in the Speak & Spell.

The TMC0280 / TMS5100 was the first self-contained LPC speech synthesizer IC ever made.

Two years later in 1978 they produced the first Speak & Spell, with the technological centerpiece being the TMS5100, the industry's first digital signal processor.

A 10th-order LPC was used in the popular 1980's Speak & Spell educational toy.

Moreover, whereas in Interstate Commerce Commission parlance `` variable cost '' means a cost deemed to vary in direct proportion to changes in rate of output, in the type of analysis now under review `` variable cost '' has been used more broadly, so as to cover costs which, while a function of some one variable ( such as output of energy, or number of customers ), are not necessarily a linear function.

While most alphabets have letters composed of lines ( linear writing ), there are also exceptions such as the alphabets used in Braille, fingerspelling, and Morse code.

Because CCD imagers are linear, image processing may be used to subtract away the effects of light pollution, which has increased the popularity of astrophotography in urban areas.

A linear charge coupled device ( CCD ) array with 200 pixels is used as the detector.

In RF linear Power Amplifiers, such as cellular base stations and broadcast transmitters, special design techniques can be used to improve efficiency.

Binary relations are used in many branches of mathematics to model concepts like " is greater than ", " is equal to ", and " divides " in arithmetic, " is congruent to " in geometry, " is adjacent to " in graph theory, " is orthogonal to " in linear algebra and many more.

There are three main classes of biopolymers based on the differing monomeric units used and the structure of the biopolymer formed: polynucleotides, which are long polymers composed of 13 or more nucleotide monomers ; polypeptides, which are short polymers of amino acids ; and polysaccharides, which are often linear bonded polymeric carbohydrate structures.

The character function is also used to display the timecode on the preview monitors in linear editing suites.

It can also be used to denote abstract vectors and linear functionals in mathematics.

The bilinear transform is a special case of a conformal mapping ( namely, the Möbius transformation ), often used to convert a transfer function of a linear, time-invariant ( LTI ) filter in the continuous-time domain ( often called an analog filter ) to a transfer function of a linear, shift-invariant filter in the discrete-time domain ( often called a digital filter although there are analog filters constructed with switched capacitors that are discrete-time filters ).

Other bilinear transforms can be used to warp the frequency response of any discrete-time linear system ( for example to approximate the non-linear frequency resolution of the human auditory system ) and are implementable in the discrete domain by replacing a system's unit delays with first order all-pass filters.

Mathematics used in rendering includes: linear algebra, calculus, numerical mathematics, signal processing, and Monte Carlo methods.

A description of how the device could be used as a shift register and as a linear and area imaging devices was described in this first entry.

This device had input and output circuits and was used to demonstrate its use as a shift register and as a crude eight pixel linear imaging device.

In mathematics, any vector space, V, has a corresponding dual vector space ( or just dual space for short ) consisting of all linear functionals on V. Dual vector spaces defined on finite-dimensional vector spaces can be used for defining tensors.

In both lossy and lossless compression, information redundancy is reduced, using methods such as coding, pattern recognition and linear prediction to reduce the amount of information used to represent the uncompressed data.

Other types of lossy compressors, such as the linear predictive coding ( LPC ) used with speech, are source-based coders.

They are used to define the characteristic polynomial of a matrix that is an essential tool in eigenvalue problems in linear algebra.

If the matrix entries are real numbers, the matrix can be used to represent two linear mappings: one that maps the standard basis vectors to the rows of, and one that maps them to the columns of.

The term " low ceiling diuretic " is used to indicate that a diuretic has a rapidly flattening dose effect curve ( in contrast to " high ceiling ", where the relationship is close to linear ).

However, it seems that many of the methods for solving linear and quadratic equations used by Diophantus go back to Babylonian mathematics.

η is the symbol for the linear predictor of a generalized linear model, and can also be used to denote the median of a population.

In most cases the work is produced by exerting a torque or linear force, which is used to operate other machinery which can generate electricity, pump water, or compress gas.

In the new situation, philosophy is able to provide the social sciences with the same guidance that mathematics offers the physical sciences, a reservoir of logical relations that can be used in framing hypotheses having explanatory and predictive value.

( This accumulative parse stack is very unlike the predictive, leftward-growing parse stack used by top-down parsers.

* In lossy predictive codecs, previous and / or subsequent decoded data is used to predict the current sound sample or image frame.

In some systems the two techniques are combined, with transform codecs being used to compress the error signals generated by the predictive stage.

Linear predictive coding ( LPC ) is a tool used mostly in audio signal processing and speech processing for representing the spectral envelope of a digital signal of speech in compressed form, using the information of a linear predictive model.

Evolutionary programming originally used finite state machines for predicting environments, and used variation and selection to optimize the predictive logics.

These patterns can then be seen as a kind of summary of the input data, and may be used in further analysis or, for example, in machine learning and predictive analytics.

* Pivot point, a price level of significance in analysis of a financial market that is used as a predictive indicator of market movement

In Bayesian statistics, however, the posterior predictive distribution can always be determined exactly — or at least, to an arbitrary level of precision, when numerical methods are used.

If LDL particle concentration is used to predict cardiovascular events, many other correlates of these clinical outcomes, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity and smoking, lose much of their predictive power.

Although predictive parsers are widely used, programmers often prefer to create LR or LALR parsers via parser generators without transforming the grammar into LL ( k ) form.

Now it is mostly used as a tool in exploratory data analysis and for making predictive models.

IVR systems can be used for outbound calls, as IVR systems are more intelligent than many predictive dialer systems, and can use Call Progress Detection to recognize different line conditions as follows:

One could also argue that if the hypothesis is so weak, it cannot be used in statistical models due to its lack of predictive behavior.

; multi-tap and predictive text systems are used.

* Linear predictive coding, a tool used for representing the spectral envelope of a digital signal in compressed form

It is mainly used in settings where the goal is prediction, and one wants to estimate how accurately a predictive model will perform in practice.

* Warped linear predictive coding, a tool used in audio signal processing

Thus, the Government of India has prepared the National Panchānga or the Indian national calendar in 1957 ( was proposed by Saha and Lahiri in 1952 ), which is used in predictive astrology.

These predictive in vitro assays reveal effects the administered compounds have on the bone marrow progenitor cells that produce the various mature cells in the blood and can be used to test the effects of single drugs or the effects of drugs administered in combination with others.

Decision tree learning, used in statistics, data mining and machine learning, uses a decision tree as a predictive model which maps observations about an item to conclusions about the item's target value.

With the accumulation of knowledge about kinetic mechanisms under investigation and with the advance of power of modern computing technologies, detailed complex kinetic models are increasingly used as predictive tools and as aids for understanding the underlying phenomena.