With the birth of the Turkish Republic after the First World War, St. Sophia became a museum, and the ancient mosaics, which were plastered over by the Moslems, whose religion forbids pictures in holy places, have been restored.

* Ada TV, broadcasts in both satellite and terrestrial in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

However, following the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, Anatolia was defined by the Turkish government as being effectively co-terminous with Asian Turkey.

The Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974 de facto partitioned the island into two political areas: 99. 5 % of Greek Cypriots now live in the Republic of Cyprus, while 98. 7 % of Turkish Cypriots live in Northern Cyprus ( of other nationalities, 99. 2 % live in the Greek Cypriot area in the south ).

Since 1974, the internationally recognised Republic of Cyprus has controlled the south two thirds, and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus the northern one-third.

In 1983, the Turkish Cypriots declared an independent state called the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ( TRNC ), an action opposed by the United Nations Security Council.

Turkey, which does not recognise the Republic of Cyprus, and the Turkish Cypriot administration of the northern part of the island, do not accept the Republic's rule over the whole island and refer to it not by its international name, but as the " Greek Cypriot Administration of Southern Cyprus ".

In 1983, the Turkish Cypriots declared an independent " Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ", which has never been recognized by any country except Turkey and Pakistan.

For information pertaining to this, see Politics of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

On 15 November 1983 the Turkish Cypriot North declared independence and the formation of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ( TRNC ), which has been recognized only by Turkey.

After the creation of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the Turkish government began to formally object to the use of Constantinople in other languages and ask that others use the more common name for the city.

Prominent issues in Hellenic foreign policy include the claims in the Aegean Sea and Eastern Mediterranean by Turkey, the Turkish occupation of Cyprus, the dispute over the name of the Republic of Macedonia ( recognized under the provisional denomination of " former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia "), and relations with the United States and Russia.

With the Turkey | Turkish leader Mustafa Kemal Atatürk at the celebration ceremony for the tenth anniversary of the Turkish Republic.

* border Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ( disputed )

* 1983 – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is founded.

After the international recognition of the new Turkish parliament headquartered in Ankara, by means of the Treaty of Lausanne signed on 24 July 1923, the Turkish parliament proclaimed on 29 October 1923 the establishment of the Republic of Turkey as the new Turkish State that succeeded and formally ended the defunct Ottoman Empire, in line with the treaty.

Cyprus: population growth 1961-2003 ( numbers for the entire island, excluding in recent years some 150, 000 Turkish immigrants residing in Northern Cyprus ).

Since Turkey's invasion and continued occupation of Cyprus in 1974, following ethnic clashes and turmoil on the island, an administration recognized by Turkey only was declared in 1983 – the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

In the aftermath, Turkish Cypriots declared a separate political entity in the form of the Turkish Federative State of Cyprus in 1975 and by 1983 made a unilateral declaration of independence as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which was recognised only by Turkey.

The other states with limited recognition such as Somaliland and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ( TRNC ) also route their mail through third countries because the UPU will not allow direct international deliveries.

: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Kuwait, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Gaza Strip under Palestinian Authority ; Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ( internationally unrecognised )

Descendants of Turkish rulers also exist in Northern India.

The de facto state of Northern Cyprus was proclaimed in 1975 under the name " Turkish Federated State of Northern Cyprus ".

The only country to formally recognise The " Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus " is Turkey.

* 1974 – The second Turkish invasion of Cyprus begins ; 140, 000 to 200, 000 Greek Cypriots become refugees.

* 1996 – Greek Cypriot refugee Solomos Solomou is murdered by Turkish forces while trying to climb a flagpole in order to remove a Turkish flag from its mast in the United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus.

The two mountain ranges run generally parallel to the Taurus Mountains on the Turkish mainland, the outlines of which are visible from northern Cyprus.

Vasea of Cyprus are broadly divided into two main ethnic communities, Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots, who share many customs but maintain distinct identities based on ethnicity, religion, language, and close ties with their respective motherlands.

Before the dispute started in 1964 the peoples of Cyprus ( then 77 % Greek Cypriots, 18 % Turkish Cypriots, 5 % other nationalities, including Armenians and Maronites ) were dispersed over the entire island.

Turkey responded by launching a military operation on Cyprus in a move not approved by the other two international guarantor powers, Greece and the United Kingdom using as a pretext the protection of the Turkish minority from Greek militias.

The invasion is called " Cyprus Peace Operation " by the Turkish side.

In July 1860, with European intervention threatening, the Turkish government tried to quiet the strife, but Napoleon III of France sent 7, 000 troops to Beirut and helped impose a partition: The Druze control of the territory was recognized as the fact on the ground, and the Maronites were forced into an enclave, arrangements ratified by the Concert of Europe in 1861.

While his direction of an ensemble cast and parallel fiction was recognized as astonishing in He is in the Army now ( 2002 ), his last film Shattered Soul ( 2005 ) has taken its well-earned place in Turkish Cinema History as being the first psychological thriller ever, and was awarded with a " Bronze Gryphone " at 2006 in International St. Petersburg Film Festival.

In the treaty, Turkey gave up all claims to the remainder of the Ottoman Empire and in return the other signatories recognized Turkish sovereignty within its new borders.

The Kurdish alphabet is not recognized in Turkey, and the use of Kurdish names containing the letters X, W, and Q, which do not exist in the Turkish alphabet, is not allowed.

The Ottoman Empire, and subsequently the Turkish Republic, recognized this role, according to him informally the status of an ambassador.

The northern part of the city functions as the capital of the self-proclaimed Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, a disputed breakaway region whose independence is recognized only by Turkey, and which the rest of the international community considers as occupied territory of the Republic of Cyprus since the Turkish invasion in 1974.

Turkish encyclopedist Hadji Khalifa ( 1600s ) also recognized the same 3 classes in his Kashf al-zunun an asami al-kutub wa-funun (" clarification and conjecture about the names of books and sciences "), a treatise on the origin and construction of musical instruments.

In 1974 the Turkish Army invaded northern Cyprus to protect the interests of the ethnic Turkish minority, who in the following year formed the Turkish Federative State of Cyprus and in 1983 declared independence as the Republic of Northern Cyprus, recognized only by Turkey.

It is currently the capital of the Gazimağusa District of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus which is only recognized by Turkey ; other countries consider the city to be legally part of the Republic of Cyprus.

On 7 March 1573 the Venetians thus recognized by treaty the Ottoman possession of Cyprus, whose last Venetian possession, Famagosta, had fallen to the Turks under Piyale Pasha on 3 August 1571, just two months before Lepanto, and remained Turkish for the next three centuries, and that summer the Ottoman Navy attacked the geographically vulnerable coasts of Sicily and southern Italy.

Several important Ottoman-era poets were Bektashis, and Yunus Emre, the most acclaimed poet of the Turkish language, is generally recognized as a subscriber to the Bektashi order.

Thököly's distrust of the Emperor now induced him to turn for help to Sultan Mehmed IV, who recognized him as King of Upper Hungary ( Turkish: Muin-i Ali Osman ' a itaat üzereyim emre, Kral-ı Orta Macar ' ım ki namım Tökeli İmre ; i. e. eastern Slovakia and parts of northeastern present-day Hungary.

It was gradually recognized, however, that enosis was politically unfeasible due to the presence of the Turkish community and its increasing assertiveness.

Feeling in their bones the unbridgeable separateness and distance from both Croats and Serbs, these " Turkey's abandoned children " found themselves in an uneasy position: being a cultural / denominational transplant from Asia Minor grafted onto South Slavic ethnicities whose nascent Croat and Serb identities melted away in the process of Islamization, they vacillated between a few national and semi-national individualities: Turkish, Croat, Serb, supranational Yugoslav and quasidenominational ethnic Muslim designation-Bosnian Muslims were officially recognized as a nation under the name of Muslims in the 1971 Yugoslav census.

Alper Ağa is known to be the first recognized Turkish rapper.