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Page "Demographics of Cyprus" ¶ 8
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Turkish and invasion
* 1974The second Turkish invasion of Cyprus begins ; 140, 000 to 200, 000 Greek Cypriots become refugees.
* 1915 – World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli begins — The invasion of the Turkish Gallipoli Peninsula by Australian, British, French and New Zealand troops begins with landings at Anzac Cove and Cape Helles.
The invasion is called " Cyprus Peace Operation " by the Turkish side.
In 1974, following a coup sponsored by the Greek military junta of 1967-1974 and executed by the Cypriot National Guard the invasion of troops from Turkey ( citing its authority as one of the three guarantor powers established by the Constitution ), the Turkish Cypriots formally set up their own institutions with a popularly-elected separatist president and a Prime Minister, responsible to the National Assembly, exercising joint executive powers.
Its territory, a result of the Turkish invasion of 1974 and whose status remains disputed, extends over the northern third of the island.
The economic achievements of Cyprus during the preceding decades have been significant, bearing in mind the severe economic and social dislocation created by the Turkish invasion of 1974 and the continuing occupation of the northern part of the island by Turkey.
The Turkish invasion inflicted a serious blow to the Cyprus economy and in particular to agriculture, tourism, mining and quarrying: 70 percent of the island ’ s wealth-producing resources were lost, the tourist industry lost 65 percent of its hotels and tourist accommodation, the industrial sector lost 46 percent, and mining and quarrying lost 56 percent of production.
Many historians maintain that the main concern of Pope Urban II, when calling for the First Crusade, was the threat to Constantinople from the Turkish invasion of Asia Minor in response to the appeal of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos.
Since Turkey's invasion and continued occupation of Cyprus in 1974, following ethnic clashes and turmoil on the island, an administration recognized by Turkey only was declared in 1983 – the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
The invasion came after more than a decade of sporadic intercommunal violence between the island's Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots resulting from the constitutional breakdown of 1963.
* July 20 – Turkish invasion of Cyprus.
* After turning aside south for 15 years to invade the Caucasus, Asia Minor and Persia — united now under Batu Khan with representatives of all 4 khanates leading 150, 000 Mongol, Turkish and Persian troops into Europe, resume the European invasion with the resumption of Mongol invasion of Rus ' foreshadowed by.
Valued as an ally by the Habsburg court, he was nevertheless viewed with extreme distrust and was not able to overall command of all the imperial troops in the face of a Turkish invasion and he did not obtain the means ( food supply and winter accommodation ) necessary for the maintenance of his auxiliary troops.
The northern part of the city functions as the capital of the self-proclaimed Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, a disputed breakaway region whose independence is recognized only by Turkey, and which the rest of the international community considers as occupied territory of the Republic of Cyprus since the Turkish invasion in 1974.
During the Turkish army invasion of Cyprus in 1974, Turkish troops occupied northern Nicosia ( as well as the northern part of Cyprus ).
The second phase of the Turkish invasion was performed on 14 August 1974, where the Turkish army advanced their positions, eventually capturing a total of 37 % of Cypriot territory including the northern part of Nicosia and the cities of Kyrenia and Famagusta.
The Turkish invasion, the continuous occupation of Cyprus as well as the self-declaration of independence of the TRNC have been condemned by several United Nations Resolutions adopted by the General Assembly and the Security Council.
This is due to the presence of the UK sovereign base at Episkopi and Akrotiri, and to the displacement of the population in Limassol after the Turkish invasion in 1974.
Accordingly, many Greek Cypriots from the north of Cyprus, who became refugees following the Turkish invasion, settled down in Limassol.

Turkish and Cyprus
* Ada TV, broadcasts in both satellite and terrestrial in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
* 1996 – Greek Cypriot refugee Solomos Solomou is murdered by Turkish forces while trying to climb a flagpole in order to remove a Turkish flag from its mast in the United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus.
The two mountain ranges run generally parallel to the Taurus Mountains on the Turkish mainland, the outlines of which are visible from northern Cyprus.
The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, recognized only by Turkey, occupies the northern one-third of the island.
Cyprus: population growth 1961-2003 ( numbers for the entire island, excluding in recent years some 150, 000 Turkish immigrants residing in Northern Cyprus ).
Vasea of Cyprus are broadly divided into two main ethnic communities, Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots, who share many customs but maintain distinct identities based on ethnicity, religion, language, and close ties with their respective motherlands.
Before the dispute started in 1964 the peoples of Cyprus ( then 77 % Greek Cypriots, 18 % Turkish Cypriots, 5 % other nationalities, including Armenians and Maronites ) were dispersed over the entire island.
Since 1974, the internationally recognised Republic of Cyprus has controlled the south two thirds, and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus the northern one-third.
Turkey responded by launching a military operation on Cyprus in a move not approved by the other two international guarantor powers, Greece and the United Kingdom using as a pretext the protection of the Turkish minority from Greek militias.
In 1983, the Turkish Cypriots declared an independent state called the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ( TRNC ), an action opposed by the United Nations Security Council.
Turkey, which does not recognise the Republic of Cyprus, and the Turkish Cypriot administration of the northern part of the island, do not accept the Republic's rule over the whole island and refer to it not by its international name, but as the " Greek Cypriot Administration of Southern Cyprus ".
In 1983, the Turkish Cypriots declared an independent " Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ", which has never been recognized by any country except Turkey and Pakistan.

Turkish and 1974
* took a dim view of any proposals which did not allow for the repatriation of Turkish settlers from the mainland who had emigrated to Cyprus since 1974 ; and
* Turkish Airlines Flight 981 ( 1974 )
* 1974 – Faruk Namdar, Turkish footballer
* 1974Turkish Airlines Flight 981 crashes at Ermenonville near Paris, France killing all 346 aboard.
* 1974 – Muzzy Izzet, Turkish footballer
On 20 July 1974, the Turkish army invaded the island on the pretext of restoring the constitutional order of the Republic of Cyprus.
However, even after the restoration of constitutional order and the return of Archbishop Makarios III to Cyprus in December 1974, the Turkish troops remained on the island occupying the northeastern portion of the island.
Since the complete division of Nicosia following the Turkish Invasion in 1974, the Nicosia Turkish Municipality has become the de facto local authority of northern Nicosia.
The development of tourism in Limassol began after 1974 when the Turkish invaders occupied Famagusta and Kyrenia, the principal tourist resorts of Cyprus.
Before 1974, that role had been filled by Famagusta which is now located in the Turkish controlled part of the island which is not recognised as a legal port by any country except Turkey.

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