They would be political partners for the next twenty years, and Newcastle would remain a loyalist until Walpole's fall in 1742. Newcastle vigorously sustained the Whigs at Queen Anne's death, and had much influence in making the Londoners accept King George I, even organising so-called ' Newcastle mobs ' to fight with rival Jacobites in the street.

: In this article, inhabitants of the Thirteen Colonies of British America that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as " Americans ," with occasional references to " Patriots ", " Whigs ," " Rebels " or " Revolutionaries ".

Gladstone personally supported Home Rule, but a strong Liberal Unionist faction led by Joseph Chamberlain, along with the last of the Whigs, Hartington, opposed it.

The term " Tory " originates from the Exclusion Bill crisis of 1678-1681-the Whigs were those who supported the exclusion of the Roman Catholic Duke of York from the thrones of England, Ireland and Scotland, and the Tories were those who opposed it.

In particular, the Whigs supported the supremacy of Congress over the presidency and favored a program of modernization and economic protectionism.

Southern Whigs generally supported the Act while Northern Whigs remained strongly opposed.

After the Glorious Revolution of 1688, Queen Mary II and King William III governed with both Whigs and Tories, despite the fact that many of the Tories still supported the deposed Roman Catholic James II.

Although William's successor Anne had considerable Tory sympathies and excluded the Junto Whigs from power, after a brief and unsuccessful experiment with an exclusively Tory government she generally continued William's policy of balancing the parties, supported by her moderate Tory ministers, the Duke of Marlborough and Lord Godolphin.

He generally supported the majority of the Democrats on all issues except internal improvements, on which he tended to vote with the Whigs.

Northern Democrats and Southern Whigs supported the Compromise.

Southern Whigs, many of whom were from the border states, supported the stronger fugitive slave law.

Anne supported the Occasional Conformity Bill of 1702, which was promoted by the Tories and opposed by the Whigs.

In contrast the Whigs, led by their ' Junto ', enthusiastically supported the Ministry's Continental strategy of thrusting the army into the heart of France.

Grattan supported the government for a time after 1782, and spoke and voted for the repressive legislation that followed the Whiteboy violence in 1785 ; but as the years passed without Pitt's personal favour towards parliamentary reform resulting in legislation, he gravitated towards the opposition, agitated for commutation of tithes in Ireland, and supported the Whigs on the regency question in 1788.

He seldom spoke in Parliament after 1810, the most notable exception being in 1815, when he separated himself from the Whigs and supported the final struggle against Napoléon.

The government agreed not to discuss the difficult question of parliamentary reform, which Canning opposed but the Whigs supported.

The refusal of the Whigs to make peace with France in 1706, and again in 1709 when Louis XIV offered to yield every point for which the allies professed to be fighting, showed that the war was not being continued in the national interest, and the ministry was supported by the queen, Parliament and the people in wishing to terminate hostilities.

Britain at the time was very divided between Whigs who favoured the succession of George of Hanover after Queen Anne's death and Tories who supported the return of the Jacobite James Stuart, known later as the ' old pretender '.

For the later eighteenth century Whig politician, Edmund Burke, Somers was of the " Old Whigs " whom he admired against the New Whigs who supported the French Revolution.

He showed little interest in taking an active role in politics, although he supported the Whigs and Robert Peel.

The Whigs, who strongly supported the Bank, were led by Daniel Webster and Nicholas Biddle, the bank chairman.

At other times he appeared weak and vacillating, and he never wholeheartedly supported either Whigs or Tories, though he co-operated with each in turn.

In 1848, the Whigs, seeing no hope of success by nominating Clay, nominated General Zachary Taylor, a Mexican-American War hero.

In the South during the latter part of the American Civil War and during the Reconstruction Era, many former Whigs tried to regroup in the South, calling themselves " Conservatives " and hoping to reconnect with the ex-Whigs in the North.

The three leading candidates were William Henry Harrison, a war hero and the most successful of Van Buren's opponents in the 1836 election ; Winfield Scott, another general, a hero of the War of 1812 and active in skirmishes with the British in 1837 and 1838 ; and Henry Clay, the Whigs ' congressional leader and former Speaker of the House.

While he did promise no more future wars, he did not condemn the Mexican-American War or criticize Polk, and the Whigs had to follow his lead.

Northern Whigs favored heroic Mexican-American War General Winfield Scott of Virginia.

However, as the War of the Spanish Succession went on and became less and less popular with the Tories, Marlborough and Godolphin were forced to rely more and more on the Junto Whigs, so that by 1708 they headed an administration dominated by the Junto.

The Whigs grew more powerful during the course of the War of the Spanish Succession, until in 1710 Anne dismissed many of them from office.

His supporters included the National Republicans, who were beginning to identify as " Whigs " in honor of ancestors during the Revolutionary War.

With the Whigs, Pitt denounced the continuation of the American War of Independence, as his father strongly had.

During the American War of Independence, he was a supporter of the American rebels, adding further to his popularity with American Whigs.

In the years after the fall of the ministry, Grenville continued in opposition, maintaining his alliance with Lord Grey and the Whigs, criticising the Peninsular War and, with Grey, refusing to join Lord Liverpool's government in 1812.

This tradition was prominent in the intellectual life of 16th-century Italy, as well as seventeenth-and 18th-century Britain and America ; indeed the term " virtue " appears frequently in the work of Niccolò Machiavelli, David Hume, the republicans of the English Civil War period, the 18th-century English Whigs, and the prominent figures among the Scottish Enlightenment and the American Founding Fathers.

Along with his fellow Whigs, he vehemently opposed the Mexican-American War.

However, the stresses of the War of the Spanish Succession ( begun in 1701 ) led most of the Tories to withdraw into opposition by 1708, so that Marlborough and Godolphin were heading an administration dominated by the Junto Whigs.

This drove him into opposition, and when the Whigs came to power in November 1830 under Lord Grey, Williams-Wynn was appointed Secretary at War, although without a seat in the cabinet.

In the United Kingdom, before World War I, a largely stable two-party system existed for generations ; traditionally, only the Tories and Whigs, or from the mid-19th century the Conservative and Liberal Parties, managed to deliver Members of Parliament in significant numbers.

Emerging primarily from the Whigs of the nineteenth century, the Liberal Party was a major force in pre-World War I politics.

After the Whigs gained power in 1830 he served under Lord Grey as Secretary at War between 1832 and 1833, as Chief Secretary for Ireland in 1833 and as First Commissioner of Woods and Forests in 1834.

He joined fellow Kentucky Whigs John J. Crittenden and Henry Clay in deriding the conflict as " Mr. Polk's War ".

After he escaped to Canada in May 1776 at the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, Lady Johnson was detained that year by the Whigs of New York as a hostage for the good conduct of her husband.

The Whigs were actively engaged in the publishing of tracts critical of Charles and his ministers ; L ' Estrange countered by comparing the divisiveness of the Whigs with the Parliamentarians on the eve of the Civil War.

The Whigs came to power under Lord Grey and in 1831 Congleton was admitted to the Privy Council and appointed Secretary at War, a post he held until February 1833.