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Page "Republicanism in Australia" ¶ 49
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Whitlam and Government
Keating was a backbencher for most of the period of the Whitlam Government ( December 1972 – November 1975 ).
He briefly became Minister for the Northern Territory in late October 1975, but lost that post when the Whitlam Government was dismissed by Sir John Kerr on 11 November 1975.
On 21 August 1974, the Whitlam Government appointed Justice Robert Hope to conduct a Royal Commission into the structure of security and intelligence services, the nature and scope of the intelligence required and the machinery for ministerial control, direction and coordination of the security services.
Since the Whitlam Government, the ALP has moved towards Social Democratic and Third Way ideals which are found among many of the ALP's Right Faction members.
The Menzies and Holt Governments effectively dismantled the policies between 1949 and 1966 and the Whitlam Government passed laws to ensure that race would be totally disregarded as a component for immigration to Australia in 1973.
In 1975 the Whitlam Government passed the Racial Discrimination Act, which made racially-based selection criteria illegal.
While the Whitlam Government introduced many new policies and programs, it was also rocked by scandals and political miscalculations.
In both instances where those circumstances arose prior to the Whitlam Government, in 1914 and 1951, the Governor-General dissolved Parliament for a " double dissolution " election on the advice of the Prime Minister.
I generally believe if a government is elected to power in the lower House and has the numbers and can maintain the numbers in the lower House, it is entitled to expect that it will govern for the three-year term unless quite extraordinary events intervene ... Having said that ... if we do make up our minds at some stage that the Government is so reprehensible that an Opposition must use whatever power is available to it, then I'd want to find a situation in which ... Mr. Whitlam woke up one morning finding the decision had been made and finding that he had been caught with his pants well and truly down.
The Governor of Queensland, Sir Colin Hannah, gave a speech denigrating the Whitlam Government on 15 October, in violation of the convention that state governors remain neutral.
The Coalition took the position that Kerr could dismiss Whitlam if the Government could not secure supply.
According to Fraser, Kerr asked him whether, if he were commissioned Prime Minister, he could secure supply, would immediately thereafter advise a double-dissolution election, and would refrain from new policies and investigations of the Whitlam Government pending the election.
Whitlam drafted a resolution for the House, expressing confidence in his Government.
* Official site of the The Whitlam Institute – contains many news reports and speeches from the time under " Whitlam Government " tab.
After the dismissal of the Whitlam Government, the Fraser Government established the Medibank Review Committee in January 1976.
The Menzies Government ( 1949-1966 ) and Holt Government dismantled the legal barriers to multi-ethnic immigration and by the 1970s, the Whitlam and Fraser Governments were promoting multiculturalism.
For this reason, among others, the validity under constitution conventions of the dismissal of the Whitlam Government continues to be debated to this day.
* Winterton, G, " 1975: The Dismissal of the Whitlam Government " in HP Lee & G Winterton ( eds ), Australian Constitutional Landmarks, Cambridge University Press ( 2003 ), 229-261.
An Australian passport was finally issued to Burchett by the incoming Whitlam Government in 1972.
This convention was broken in 1975 by Sir Colin Hannah, the Governor of Queensland, who called for the defeat of the Whitlam Government.

Whitlam and ended
In 1971 he supported the moves by supporters of Gough Whitlam, led by Bob Hawke and others, that in 1971 brought about federal intervention in the Victorian branch and ended left-wing control.
When the national service scheme was ended following the election of the Whitlam Government in late 1972, the 3rd Division lost a large number of personnel.
The sit-in ended when Labor Prime Minister Gough Whitlam agreed to meet with protesters.
Conscription ended as one of the first acts of the newly elected Whitlam Labor Government in late December 1972.

Whitlam and 1975
An instance of a Governor General exercising his power was during the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, when the Australian Prime Minister of the time, Gough Whitlam, was dismissed by the Governor-General.
On 11 November 1975, Whitlam intended to call a half-Senate election in an attempt to break the deadlock.
In 1975, Labor Prime Minister Gough Whitlam recommended to the Queen that Sir Colin Hannah, then Governor of Queensland, have his dormant commission revoked for having made public political statements.
The Queen chose not to intervene during the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, in which Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed the Labor government of Gough Whitlam, on the basis that it was a matter " clearly placed within the jurisdiction of the Governor-General ".
He came to power in 1975 through the dismissal of the Whitlam Labor government, in which he played a key role.
Later that year, in the context of a series of ministerial scandals that were rocking the Whitlam government, Fraser opted to use the Coalition opposition Senate numbers to delay the government's budget bills with the objective of achieving an early election ( see 1975 Australian constitutional crisis ).
* 1975 – Australian constitutional crisis of 1975: Australian Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismisses the government of Gough Whitlam, appoints Malcolm Fraser as caretaker Prime Minister and announces a general election to be held in early December.
* 1975The Australian Coalition opposition parties using their senate majority, vote to defer the decision to grant supply of funds for the Whitlam Government's annual budget, sparking the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis.
* During the 1975 constitutional crisis, on 11 November 1975, the governor-general, Sir John Kerr, dismissed the Labor Party's Gough Whitlam as prime minister.
An illustrative example is the Australian constitutional crises of 1975, when the Governor-General of Australia, Sir John Kerr, dismissed Prime Minister Gough Whitlam on his own reserve power authority and replaced him with Opposition Leader Malcolm Fraser.
** Australian constitutional crisis of 1975: Governor-General of Australia Sir John Kerr dismisses the government of Gough Whitlam and commissions Malcolm Fraser as Prime Minister.
* Dismissal — some constitutions allow a Head of state ( or their designated representative, as is the case in Commonwealth countries ) to dismiss a Head of government, though its use can be controversial, as occurred in 1975 when then Australian Governor-General, Sir John Kerr, dismissed Prime Minister Gough Whitlam in the Australian Constitutional Crisis.
Aside from journalism, Kelly has written books describing political developments starting with The Unmaking of Gough ( 1976 ) on the Australian constitutional crisis of 1975 and Prime Minister Gough Whitlam ( later titled The Dismissal: Australia's Most Sensational Power Struggle: The Dramatic Fall of Gough Whitlam ).
He denounced the dismissal of the Whitlam government by Sir John Kerr, and unsuccessfully stood for an Australian Capital Territory Senate seat at the 1975 election as an independent.
It culminated on 11 November 1975 with the removal of the Prime Minister, Gough Whitlam of the Australian Labor Party ( ALP ), by Governor-General Sir John Kerr.
On 11 November 1975, Whitlam intended to call a half-Senate election in an attempt to break the deadlock.
In February 1975, Whitlam decided to appoint Senator Murphy a justice of the High Court of Australia, even though Murphy's Senate seat would not be up for election if a half-Senate election were held.

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