Estonian historians including Pusta and Tomingas have argued that the death was an act of defenestration by agents of the first President of Estonia, Konstantin Päts.

Although defenestrations can be fatal due to the height of the window through which a person is thrown or throws oneself or due to lacerations from broken glass, the act of defenestration need not carry the intent or result of death.

Historically, the word defenestration was used to refer to an act of political dissent.

* In 2007 in Gaza, gunmen allegedly affiliated with Hamas killed a Fatah supporter by defenestration, an act repeated the next day when a Hamas supporter was defenestrated by alleged supporters of Fatah.

The Church chose not to be drawn into a battle between the WSPU and the authorities, and clung to a party line that militancy was a precursor to forcible feeding and militancy was against the will of God, therefore the Church could not act against forcible feeding.

A dedicate must give up his attribute willingly ; the simple act of touching him with a forcible is not enough.

As the Constitution requires that the popular branch of the legislature should have an absolute check, so as to put a peremptory negative upon every act of the government, it requires that the common people, should have as complete a control, as decisive a negative, in every judgment of a court of judicature.

A peremptory Writ directs the recipient to immediately act, or desist, and " return " the Writ, with certification of its compliance, within a certain time.

Since it has become such an oft-used tactic, the term " Batson challenge " has come to mean the act of claiming, based on this decision, that a trial should be invalidated on the basis of peremptory challenges having excluded a cognizable group from the jury, such as excluding on the basis of race alone.

" Batson challenge " is a term now used to refer to the act of arguing for the invalidity of a trial on the basis that peremptory challenges during jury selection resulted in the exclusion of a cognizable group.

" The creature was put in a van to be taken away for testing, whereupon police chased them down and took the cadaver under an act of parliament which prohibits the removal of " unidentified creatures " from Loch Ness.

The removal of the shoe also symbolizes the act of giving up a legal right.

Later, as president, Jefferson proposed in private letters beginning in 1803 a policy that under Andrew Jackson would be called Indian removal, under an act passed in 1830.

It is also stipulated that the governor general may appoint deputies — usually Supreme Court justices and the Secretary to the Governor General — who can perform some of the viceroy's constitutional duties in her stead, and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court ( or a puisne justice in the chief justice's absence ) will act as the Administrator of the Government upon the death, removal, incapacitation, or absence of the governor general for more than one month.

Though inspiration for this act might have come from the hostility his parents had shown the Jews in France ( his father was famous for his devout Christianity ) it was also an attempt to make himself popular in his new domains for the removal of usury.

Black operators would act as shills to frame Cuba and thereby fool the U. S. population into carrying out the intended objective, the removal of Fidel Castro by military force and installation of a pro U. S. regime in Cuba.

::( 1 ) If, by reason of death, resignation, removal from office, inability, or failure to qualify, there is neither a President nor Vice President to discharge the powers and duties of the office of President, then the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall, upon his resignation as Speaker and as Representative in Congress, act as President.

::( 2 ) if his discharge of the powers and duties of the office is founded in whole or in part on the inability of the President or Vice President, then he shall act only until the removal of the disability of one of such individuals.

::( 1 ) If, by reason of death, resignation, removal from office, inability, or failure to qualify, there is no President pro tempore to act as President under subsection ( b ) of this section, then the officer of the United States who is highest on the following list, and who is not under disability to discharge the powers and duties of the office of President shall act as President: Secretary of State, Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of Defense, Attorney General, Secretary of the Interior, Secretary of Agriculture, Secretary of Commerce, Secretary of Labor, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, Secretary of Transportation, Secretary of Energy, Secretary of Education, Secretary of Veterans Affairs, Secretary of Homeland Security.

::( 2 ) An individual acting as President under this subsection shall continue so to do until the expiration of the then current Presidential term, but not after a qualified and prior-entitled individual is able to act, except that the removal of the disability of an individual higher on the list contained in paragraph ( 1 ) of this subsection or the ability to qualify on the part of an individual higher on such list shall not terminate his service.

His first act was to order the removal of old carpets, furniture and wallpaper, the purchase of new maps and the installation of electric lighting instead of gaslight.

In 1830, the Indian Removal Act was signed into law, and though that act did not directly address the Potawatomi people of Indiana, it led to several additional treaties that resulted in their removal.

That expulsion is called the Trail of Tears, considered an act of genocide because of the thousands who died on the journey, and the forced removal of native peoples from their home territories.

With the election of President Andrew Jackson in 1828, he pressed for Indian removal, gaining Congressional passage of an act authorizing that in 1830.

The Merrimack School Board attracted national attention in 1995 when it passed a " prohibition of alternative lifestyle instruction " act, which resulted in the removal of a work by William Shakespeare from the school curriculum.

In case of the death, resignation, removal out of the county, or other legal disability of one or more of the said trustees, it shall be lawful for the remaining trustees, to supply such vacancy, and the person so chosen shall have the same power as if he had been particularly named in this act.

Less dramatically, if the threads of the plug extend into the combustion chamber, the sharp edges of the threads act as point sources of heat which may cause preignition ; in addition, deposits which form between the exposed threads may make it difficult to remove the plugs, even damaging the threads on aluminium heads in the process of removal.

Most writers on international law have regarded this method of preventing such acts of hostility as unjustifiable, on the ground that the persons taken as hostages are not the persons responsible for the act ; that, as by the usage of war hostages are to be treated strictly as prisoners of war, such an exposure to danger is transgressing the rights of a belligerent ; and as useless, for the mere temporary removal of important citizens till the end of a war cannot be a deterrent unless their mere removal deprives the combatants of persons necessary to the continuance of the acts aimed at ( see W. E. Hall, International Law, 1904, pp. 418, 475 ).

The United States presidential line of succession defines who may become or act as President of the United States upon the incapacity, death, resignation, or removal from office ( by impeachment and subsequent conviction ) of a sitting president or a president-elect.

He, along with the Holy Synod, argued that the removal of Patriarch Abune Tewophilos was illegal and contrary to canon law, as it was an act of political interference.

The act authorized him to negotiate with the Indians in the Southern United States for their removal to federal territory west of the Mississippi River in exchange for their homelands.

Lee defeats O ' Hara and kills his prone adversary as an act of revenge for his involvement in his sister's suicide.

In view of his advancing age – Ebsen was in his 60s for most of the series – Jones rarely engaged in fistfights in the climatic scene of a given episode ; instead, anticipating a violent act from an adversary Jones would draw his revolver and get the drop on the villain, or he would use self-defense tactics — e. g., slamming the door on a shotgun-toting villain, or using a judo hold to subdue the bad guy — or relied on others, like J. R., or the police, to overpower and detain the criminals.

The central problem for a state that seeks to communicate a credible deterrent threat through diplomatic or military actions is that all defending states have an incentive to act as if they are determined to resist an attack, in the hope that the attacking state will back away from military conflict with a seemingly resolved adversary.

An aggressor squadron or adversary squadron ( in the US Navy and USMC ) is a squadron that is trained to act as an opposing force in military wargames.

Such ruses are acts which are intended to mislead an adversary or to induce him to act recklessly but which infringe no rule of international law applicable in armed conflict and which are not perfidious because they do not invite the confidence of an adversary with respect to protection under that law.

Participants were subjected to an intense immersion program where they were trained to think and act like the adversary and adopt their tactics, techniques, and procedures.

In 1979, the USSR removed the term " Ainu " from the list of living ethnic groups of Russia, an act by which the government proclaimed that the Ainu as an ethnic group was extinct in its territory.

Flight surgeons serve a two-year term, and act as the team recorder during air shows, and help oversee emergency response planning with the various air show planners.

In its narrow sense, the term is applied only to those for whom the unmarried state is the result of a sacred vow, act of renunciation, or religious conviction.

The term creation refers to the beginning of things, whether by the will and act of a transcendent being, by emanation from some ultimate source, or in any other way.

A Covenant-breaker or the act of Covenant-breaking is a term used by Bahá ' ís to refer to a particular form of what some might call " heresy ".

They named this substance " secretin " and coined the term hormone for chemicals that act in this way.

The term " euthanasia " is usually confined to the active variety ; the University of Washington website states that " euthanasia generally means that the physician would act directly, for instance by giving a lethal injection, to end the patient's life ".

The term fatwā is sometimes used by some Muslims to mean to " give permission " to do a certain act that might be illegal under Islamic law ; other Muslims view this to be incorrect.

Reproductive sex does not necessarily require a heterosexual orientation, since orientation refers to a long term enduring pattern of sexual and emotional attraction leading to often long term social bonding, while, reproductive sex requires only the basic act of, often one time, vaginal intercourse.

The use of the term ' narcotics ' in the title of the act to describe not just opiates but also cocaine — which is a central nervous system stimulant, not a narcotic — initiated a precedent of frequent legislative and judicial misclassification of various substances as ' narcotics '.

When James Braid first described hypnotism, he did not use the term " suggestion " but referred instead to the act of focusing the conscious mind of the subject upon a single dominant idea.

The first of these shows were actually called Crazy People and subtitled " The Junior Crazy Gang "; the term " Goon " was used as the headline of a review of Bentine's act by Picture Post dated 5 November 1948.

In addition, it replaced the Court's two annual sessions with one session to begin on the first Monday in February, and " canceled the Supreme Court term scheduled for June of that year ... seeking to delay a ruling on the constitutionality of the repeal act until months after the new judicial system was in operation.

The American scholar of religious studies Michael F. Strmiska argued that the modern adoption of the term " Pagan " was " a deliberate act of defiance " against traditional, Christian-dominated society, comparing it to the adoption of the surname " X " amongst African-Americans or the term " queer " amongst LGBT people.

* act on any time scale from short term, commensurable with the orbit periods, to secular, measured in 10 < sup > 4 </ sup > to 10 < sup > 6 </ sup > years.

With this terminology, if a firm is earning abnormal profit in the short term, this will act as a trigger for other firms to enter the market.

" Antihistamine " can be used to describe any histamine antagonist, but the term is usually reserved for the classical antihistamines that act upon the H < sub > 1 </ sub > histamine receptor.

The act of defining the term can be seen as part of an ideological conflict, because different definitions lead to different theories of state function, and as a result validate different political strategies.

The term " Lord's Supper " refers both to the biblical event and the act of Eucharistic celebration within liturgy.

The Eastern Orthodox use the term " Mystical Supper " which refers both to the biblical event and the act of Eucharistic celebration within liturgy.

Likewise the term " traitor " is used in heated political discussiontypically as a slur against political dissidents, or against officials in power who are perceived as failing to act in the best interest of their constituents.

His jobs included working as a talker ( barker, as the term is also known, isn't correct ) for the Wild Man of Borneo, performing a live burial act in which he was billed as " The Living Corpse ", and performing as a clown with the Ringling Brothers Circus.

In order to prevent deadlocks from keeping the nation leaderless, the Twelfth Amendment provided that if the House could not choose a President before March 4 ( at that time the first day of a Presidential term ), the individual elected Vice President would act as President, " as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President.