One could interpret these maps as a flat wheel or disc, but most were intended to represent only a portion of the sphere-known world-just as a modern flat map of Europe or Africa is intended to represent only part of the planet " and " In the ancient and medieval world the term " antipodes " may mean lands on the opposite side on the planet or, more commonly, " human inhabitants " of lands on the other side of the planet.

The counit on U < sub > q </ sub >( A ) is the same for all these coproducts:,,, and the respective antipodes for the above coproducts are given by

In the Early Middle Ages, Isidore of Seville's widely read encyclopedia presented the term " antipodes " as referring to antichthones ( people who lived on the opposite side of the Earth ), as well as to a geographical place ; these people came to play a role in medieval discussions about the shape of the Earth.

Essentially, Huxley defines these " antipodes " of the mind as mental states that one may reach when one's brain is disabled ( from a biological point of view ) and can then be conscious of certain " regions of the mind " that one would otherwise never be able to pay attention to, due to the lack of biological / utilitarian usefulness.

He also said that Christians and other religions fast in order to make themselves delirious, thus inducing visions and views of these " antipodes of the mind ".

In the mid-to-late 19th century these antipodes could be found in the contrast between rich stretches of lower Broadway, Washington Square, Gramercy Park and Lafayette Street ( wealth that would later take up more extravagant residence on Fifth Avenue ) and the almost unbelievably squalid enclave of Five Points ( abject poverty later to occupy the Lower East Side ).

Easter Island finds its antipodes in the western corner of Rajasthan, India.

For example, the antipodes of New Zealand's lower North Island lies in Spain.

( The other two land antipodes are Île Amsterdam and Kerguelen Island.

The only significant land mass antipodal to metropolitan France is the Chatham Islands of New Zealand, corresponding to an area north of Montpellier including much of the Cévennes National Park, though the antipodes of the uninhabited Bounty Islands are between Tours, Orléans, and Le Mans, and those of the likewise uninhabited Antipodes Islands are in Normandy, near Saint-Saëns outside of Rouen.

The antipodes between the two characters would define how Thailand fared by World War II when Japan was quickly consuming territory in Asia.

The contrast between the dark inherent in the male, and ghostly heights from the female, compares favorably to the antipodes of light vs. dark.

The only part of Japan with antipodes over land are the Ryukyu Islands, though the islands off the western coast of Kyūshū are close.

This gave rise to the name of the Antipodes Islands of New Zealand, which are close to the antipodes of London at about 50 ° S 179 ° E. The antipodes of Australia are in the North Atlantic Ocean, while parts of Spain, Portugal, and Morocco are antipodal to New Zealand.

It corresponds to an area about southeast of Lamar, Colorado ( the other two land antipodes of the US are île Saint-Paul and the Kerguelen Islands ).

In a similar vein, Plato explained that up and down describe a relationship to the earth and one would not fall off at the antipodes.

The antipodes of any place on Earth are distant from it by 180 ° of longitude and as many degrees to the north of the equator as the original is to the south ( or vice versa ); in other words, the latitudes are numerically equal, but one is north and the other south.

St. Vergilius, abbot of St. Peter's since about 749, had quarelled with St. Boniface over the existence of antipodes.

In particular they pointed out a number of doubts about the antipodes and the physical reasons of the radial gravity.

Île Saint-Paul is one of three land antipodes of the contiguous United States, corresponding to an area about southwest of Cheyenne Wells, Colorado.

For example: some early medieval manuscripts of Macrobius include maps of the Earth, including the antipodes, zonal maps showing the Ptolemaic climates derived from the concept of a spherical Earth and a diagram showing the Earth ( labeled as globus terrae, the sphere of the Earth ) at the center of the hierarchically ordered planetary spheres.

Many early medieval manuscripts of Macrobius include maps of the Earth, including the antipodes, zonal maps showing the Ptolemaic climates derived from the concept of a spherical Earth and a diagram showing the Earth ( labeled as globus terrae, the sphere of the Earth ) at the center of the hierarchically ordered planetary spheres.

File: Macrobius, mappa mundi. jpg | Sketch map showing the inhabited northern region separated from the antipodes by an imagined ocean at the equator.

Image: Macrobius DK nks218 4o fol 38v. jpg | Sketch map showing the inhabited northern region separated from the antipodes by an imagined ocean at the equator.

An antipodal point is sometimes called an antipode, a back-formation from the Greek loan word antipodes, which originally meant " opposite the feet.

In geography, the antipodes (; from Greek: ἀντίποδες, from anti-" opposed " and pous " foot ") of any place on Earth is the point on the Earth's surface which is diametrically opposite to it.

The antipodes of any place on the Earth is the place that is diametrically opposite it, so a line drawn from the one to the other passes through the centre of the Earth and forms a true diameter.

An antipodal point is sometimes called an antipode, a back-formation from the plural antipodes, which in Greek is the plural of the singular antipous.

that is, for the latitude ( the North / South coordinate ) the magnitude of the angle remains the same but N is changed to S and vice versa, and for the longitude ( the East / West coordinate ) the angle is replaced by its supplementary angle while E is exchanged for W. For example, the antipodes of the point in China at ( a few hundred kilometres from Beijing ) is the point in Argentina at ( a few hundred kilometres from Buenos Aires ).

The author of the Norwegian book Konungs Skuggsjá, from around 1250, discusses the existence of antipodes.

:" When Ingamells looked over the poetry scene from the standpoint of, say, 1937 – which he delivered his address On Environmental Values to the English Association in Adelaide – he saw very little poetry which satisfied the requirement of Australian inspiration, Australian content and imagery, and when Max Harris surveyed the same scene at the start of the new decade, he saw the burgeoning Jindyworobaks and not much else – nothing that seemed to have much connection with or awareness of the cultural world beyond the antipodes.

The Hereford Mappa Mundi is a mappa mundi, of a form deriving from the T and O pattern, The spherical shape of the Earth was already known to the ancient Greeks and Romans and the idea was never entirely forgotten even in the Middle Ages, and thus the circular representation may well be considered a conventional attempt at a projection: in spite of the acceptance of a spherical Earth, only the known parts of the Northern Hemisphere were believed to be inhabitable by human beings ( see antipodes ), so that the circular representation remained adequate.

Christ would either have appeared a second time, in the antipodes, or left them damned irredeemable.

In the 15th century, the Spanish theologian Tostatus used what he thought was a reduction to absurdity arguing against a spherical earth using dogma, arguing that a spherical earth would imply the existence of antipodes, which would be impossible since this would require either that Christ to appeared twice, or that the inhabitants of the antipodes would be forever damned, which he claimed was an absurdity.

Under Fosdick the first executive officer of the CTCA was Richard Byrd, whose name in later years was to become synonymous with activities at the polar antipodes.

since f never equalizes antipodes the denominator never vanishes.

Opposite the oikumene, the inhabited world, were the antipodes, considered unreachable both because of an intervening torrid zone ( equator ) and the ocean.

But by the 1st century AD, Pliny the Elder was in a position to claim that everyone agrees on the spherical shape of Earth, although there continued to be disputes regarding the nature of the antipodes, and how it is possible to keep the ocean in a curved shape.

There was considerable misunderstanding illustrated by the debate concerning the possibility of the inhabitants of the antipodes.

In the Carolingian era, scholars discussed Macrobius's view of the antipodes.

He did not admit the possibility of antipodes, which he took to mean people dwelling on the opposite side of the Earth, considering them to be legendary and noting that there was no evidence for their existence.

Mela drew the first map on which the mysterious continent of Earth appears in the unknown half of Earth — our antipodes.

* Formosa Province, Argentina, which is also the antipodes of northern Taiwan.

Thus the antipodes of France are in the middle of the water hemisphere in the South Pacific.

The Indonesian island of Buru, for example, finds its antipodes within French Guiana, as do a few smaller islands.

The route of a typical modern sailing circumnavigation, via the Suez Canal and the Panama Canal is shown in red ; its antipodes are shown in yellow.

The route of a typical yacht racing circumnavigation is shown in red ; its antipodes are shown in yellow.

While neither Lewis or Angus met the Guinness World Records criteria, each completed continuous human powered journeys around the planet, although they did not cross a pair of antipodes or travel the distance of the Tropic of Cancer.

They included on the other side of the Earth at the antipodes, Sicily and other unnamed locations in the Mediterranean.

He did not admit the possibility of people dwelling at the antipodes, considering them as legendary and noting that there was no evidence for their existence.

Several varieties of views on the antipodes existed, some placing them in the southern hemisphere, others in the northern sphere opposite the known world.

On his return, Deutscher co-founded the first anti-Stalinist group in the Polish Communist Party, protesting the party line that Nazism and Social Democracy were " not antipodes but twins.

" Our own navigations make manifest, and all men learned in human sciences now acknowledge, there are antipodes " ( i. e., the Earth is round ) "... Nevertheless, men ... have been punished for it by authority ecclesiastical.