Wave loading is most commonly the application of a pulsed or wavelike load to a material or object.

A continuous or pulsed laser beam may be used depending upon the application.

Two application notes from Osram Opto Semiconductors describing pulsed operation of a Laser diode, using avalanche transistors and other kind of drivers.

By application of a voltage during the presence of this gas, gas ions in the vicinity of the tip undergo ionisation, with greater numbers of ions generated immediately above atoms occupying edge or planar sites.

Biomedical instrumentation amplifier schematic used in monitoring low voltage biological signals, an example of a biomedical engineering application of electronic engineering to electrophysiology.

This reaction can occur through the application of an external voltage or through the release of chemical energy.

Conversely, non-spontaneous electrochemical reactions can be driven forward by the application of a current at sufficient voltage.

Water can be converted to its component elemental gasses, H < sub > 2 </ sub > and O < sub > 2 </ sub > through the application of an external voltage.

The electrolysis starts with the application of an external voltage between the electrodes.

IGBTs see application in switching internal combustion engine ignition coils, where fast switching and voltage blocking capabilities are important.

Individual fuel cells produce relatively small electrical potentials, about 0. 7 volts, so cells are " stacked ", or placed in series, to increase the voltage and meet an application ’ s requirements.

As most applications requiring computation are now performed by small digital computers, the remaining useful application is in power sensing, which combines current sensing with voltage sensing in a single Hall effect device.

* In 1962, Richard Williams of RCA found that liquid crystals had some interesting electro-optic characteristics and he realized an electro-optical effect by generating stripe-patterns in a thin layer of liquid crystal material by the application of a voltage.

In a low-voltage application this reduces noise ; in a high voltage or current application it reduces arcing.

The field coils are connected either directly to polyphase voltage sources or to a phase-shifting reactor if a single-phase application.

A single-level NOR flash cell in its default state is logically equivalent to a binary " 1 " value, because current will flow through the channel under application of an appropriate voltage to the control gate.

EEPROM is user-modifiable read-only memory ( ROM ) that can be erased and reprogrammed ( written to ) repeatedly through the application of higher than normal electrical voltage generated externally or internally in the case of modern EEPROMs.

In the case of a closed path in the presence of a varying magnetic field, the integral of the electric field around a closed loop may be nonzero ; one common application of the concept of emf, known as " induced emf " is the voltage induced in a such a loop.

When thrust is required, a strong electric field is generated by the application of a high voltage difference between the emitter and the accelerator.

* The reverse bias rating of the N-drift region to collector P + diode is usually only of tens of volts, so if the circuit application applies a reverse voltage to the IGBT, an additional series diode must be used.

Additionally, MOSFET resistance is typically lower for smaller blocking voltages meaning that the choice between IGBTs and power MOSFETS depend on both the blocking voltage and current involved in a particular application, as well as the different switching characteristics mentioned above.

Wil McCarthy invented the Wellstone, or Programmable matter concept: Programmable Matter smart material is any bulk substance whose physical properties can be adjusted in real time through the application of light, voltage, electric or magnetic fields, etc.

He found that the current emitted by the hot filament increased rapidly with increasing voltage, and filed a patent application for a voltage-regulating device using the effect on November 15, 1883 ( U. S. patent 307, 031, the first US patent for an electronic device ).

Communications receivers may have more complex AVC systems, including extra amplification stages, separate AGC detector diodes, different time constants for broadcast and shortwave bands, and application of different levels of AGC voltage to different stages of the receiver to prevent distortion and cross-modulation.

Under high voltage application, a hetero charge near the electrode is expected to reduce the

As an application example, the steady-state space-charge-limited current across a piece of silicon with a charge carrier mobility of 1500 cm < sup > 2 </ sup >/ V-s, a dielectric constant of 11. 9, an area of 10 < sup >- 8 </ sup > cm < sup > 2 </ sup > and a thickness of 10 < sup >- 4 </ sup > cm can be calculated by an on line calculator as 126. 4mA at voltage 3V.

* The NARGC has a sample completed application form for hunters.

Ultrasonic force microscopy allows the local mapping of elasticity in atomic force microscopy by the application of ultrasonic vibration to the cantilever or sample.

The second application for UV microscopes is contrast enhancement where the response of individual samples is enhanced, relative to their surrounding, due to the interaction of light with the molecules within the sample itself.

The Audio Engineering Society recommends 48 kHz sample rate for most applications but gives recognition to 44. 1 kHz for Compact Disc and other consumer uses, 32 kHz for transmission-related application and 96 kHz for higher bandwidth or relaxed anti-aliasing filtering.

Features include finer control over anti-aliasing ( both multisampling and supersampling with per sample shading and application control over sample position ) and more flexibilities to some of the existing features ( cubemap arrays and independent blending modes ).

Postulated migration of proteins in a Laemmli gel system A: Stacking gel, B: Resolving gel, o: sample application c: discontinuities in the buffer and electrophoretic matrix

A sample application of Faltings ' theorem is to a weak form of Fermat's Last Theorem: for any fixed n > 4 there are at most finitely many primitive integer solutions to a < sup > n </ sup > + b < sup > n </ sup > = c < sup > n </ sup >, since for such n the curve x < sup > n </ sup > + y < sup > n </ sup > = 1 has genus greater than 1.

Another major application of AFM ( besides imaging ) is force spectroscopy, the direct measurement of tip-sample interaction forces as a function of the gap between the tip and sample ( the result of this measurement is called a force-distance curve ).

Simultaneous Thermal Analysis ( STA ) generally refers to the simultaneous application of Thermogravimetry ( TGA ) and differential scanning calorimetry ( DSC ) to one and the same sample in a single instrument.

Another example is that TGA can be used to measure the fibre content of composites by heating a sample to remove the resin by application of heat and then determining the mass remaining.

Similarly there was no default runtime, there was sample code and the often used and often modified ' perfly ' sample application.

Image processing for microscopy application begins with fundamental techniques intended to most accurately reproduce the information contained in the microscopic sample.

This simplified form assumes that N is a power of two ; since the number of sample points N can usually be chosen freely by the application, this is often not an important restriction.

However, only 6. 8 % of 157 schools surveyed by LSAC in 2006 indicated that they " never " use the writing sample when evaluating an application.

Below is listed a sample build. xml file for a simple Java " Hello, world " application.

Microsoft provides a sample MAPI / RPC based application called MFCMAPI to assist developers.

* Video For Linux 2 ( V4L2 ) sample application

Each time a portion of different density is sedimented to the bottom of the container and extracted, and repeated application produces a rank of layers which includes different parts of the original sample.

Aside from the key functions of sample management, instrument and application integration, and electronic data exchange, there are numerous additional operations that can be managed in a LIMS.

A simple application of ICA is the " cocktail party problem ", where the underlying speech signals are separated from a sample data consisting of people talking simultaneously in a room.

When using non-aqueous wet developer ( NAWD ) or dry powder, the sample must be dried prior to application, while soluble and suspendable developers are applied with the part still wet from the previous step.