Catenary arches are often used in the construction of kilns.

A spandrel, less often spandril or splaundrel, is the space between two arches or between an arch and a rectangular enclosure.

Windows of complex design and of three or more lights or vertical sections, are often designed by overlapping two or more equilateral arches.

This form was often done within pointed arches and squared windows because those are the easiest shapes, so the circular space of the window was a unique challenge to the designers.

In architecture the style's main characteristics are flattened, cusped " Tudor " arches, lighter stone trims around windows and doors, carved brick detailing, steep roof gables, often terra-cotta brickwork, balustrades and parapets, pillars supporting porches and high chimneys as in the Elizabethan style.

Nakhi temples are decorated on the interior with carvings on poles, arches and wall paintings that often exhibit a unique combination of dongba and Buddhist influences.

The wall piers and the arches often featured medallion-shaped bust images of saints.

A particular feature which is typical of the region of Siena is that the arches of openings are depressed, with doorways often having a second low arch set beneath a semi-circular or pointed arch.

The corbels carrying the arches of the corbel tables in Italy and France were often elaborately moulded, and sometimes in two or three courses projecting over one another ; those carrying the machicolations of English and French castles had four courses.

Arches were not necessarily built as entrances, but – unlike many modern triumphal arches – they were often erected across roads and were intended to be passed through, not round.

Temporary triumphal arches made of lath and plaster were often erected for royal entries.

Unlike the individual arches erected for Roman conquerors, Renaissance rulers often built a row of arches through which processions were staged.

Triumphal arches have continued to be built into the modern era, often as statements of power and self-aggrandizement by dictators.

Crevasses often have vertical or near-vertical walls, which can then melt and create seracs, arches, and other ice formations.

Skeletal muscles that cramp the most often are the calves, thighs, and arches of the foot.

It emphasizes clear, strong picturesque massing, round-headed " Romanesque " arches, often springing from clusters of short squat columns, recessed entrances, richly varied rustication, blank stretches of walling contrasting with bands of windows, and cylindrical towers with conical caps embedded in the walling.

Mannerist architects of the 16th century often designed arches with enlarged and slightly dropped keystones, as in the " church house " entrance portal at Colditz Castle ( see image ).

Themes are often employed with 2011 being about visiting U. S. states and their capitols ; 2009 were crime scenes ; 2007 was about gateway and arches ( i. e. Perce Rock on the Atlantic, St. Louis Arch, and Golden Gate Bridge on the Pacific ); and 2005 was about lighthouses.

The quadrate and the maxillary and palatopterygoid arches are more or less movable to allow for the distension required by the passage of prey, often much exceeding the size of the mouth.

This was often repaired and eventually replaced by a 17 arch stone bridge in the early eighteenth century, later reduced to 13 arches.

This consists of two ( sometimes three ) tall thin lights topped with pointed arches, with a round or trefoil opening placed above them, often contained within a blind arch which gives the whole assemblage a pointed lancet shape ( see the example from Soissons Cathedral, right ).

It is often used to build caves, arches, overhangs, or other structures in the tank, a practice known as aquascaping.

Pergolas are more permanent architectural features than the green tunnels of late medieval and early Renaissance gardens, which were often formed of springy withies — easily replaced shoots of willow or hazel — bound together at the heads to form a series of arches, then loosely woven with long slats, on which climbers were grown, to make a passage that was both cool and shaded and moderately dry in a shower.

Rounded posts give a soft, sculptured look, paneled doors have decorative burl panels or cane insets plus softening arches, table tops are inlaid in Macassar ebony or acacia.

The three arches are elliptic, and though very light and elegant, have resisted the fury of the river, which has swept away several other bridges at different times.

I have lately received from Italy a treatise on the equilibrium of arches, by the Abbé Mascheroni.

Cardassians are humanoid in form, but have distinctive ridged arches connecting their shoulders to the tops of their necks.

The bony fish have three pairs of arches, cartilaginous fish have five to seven pairs, while the primitive jawless fish have seven.

The vertebrate ancestor no doubt had more arches, as some of their chordate relatives have more than 50 pairs of gills.

While the higher vertebrates do not have gills, the gill arches form during fetal developement, and lay the basis of essential structures such as jaws, the thyroid gland, the larynx, the columella ( corresponding to the stapes in mammals ) and in mammals the malleus and incus.

The gill arches of bony fish typically have no septum, so that the gills alone project from the arch, supported by individual gill rays.

* The Palazzo della Ragione, with its great hall on the upper floor, is reputed to have the largest roof unsupported by columns in Europe ; the hall is nearly rectangular, its length, its breadth, and its height ; the walls are covered with allegorical frescoes ; the building stands upon arches, and the upper storey is surrounded by an open loggia, not unlike that which surrounds the basilica of Vicenza.

File: Adobe arches in Merzouga with unfinished roof. jpg | Arches are made of adobe and have to be protected from the rain.

Gothic openings such as doorways, windows, arcades and galleries have pointed arches.

For a large part of the length of the cathedral, the walls have arches in relief with a second layer in front to give the illusion of a passageway along the wall.

Without the addition of buttresses, bracing arches and anchor irons over the succeeding centuries, it would have suffered the fate of spires on later great ecclesiastical buildings ( such as Malmesbury Abbey ) and fallen down ; instead, Salisbury remains the tallest church spire in the UK.

and both cities have arches, although in Samara it is much smaller.

Its long loggia would have been a rare sight in the tight and curving streets of Florence, not to mention its impressive arches, each about 8 meters high.

Inside the church the height and narrowness emphasizes the arcades which are also of a good height and have arches of alternate sizes.

Unlike most other mammals, shrews lack zygomatic bones ( also called the jugals ), so have incomplete zygomatic arches.

Thus domes, like arches, have a great deal of structural strength when properly built and can span large open spaces without interior supports.

However, vertical cracks seem to have developed very early, such that in practice the dome acts as an array of arches with a common keystone, rather than as a single unit.

This would have been done no later than 1383, when the Gothic loggetta on the exterior of the dome was added, along with the buttressing arches on which it rests.

* In North Towards Home, Willie Morris quotes Sir Thomas Browne's Urn Burial from memory as he walks up Park Avenue with William Styron: "' And since death must be the Lucina of life, and even Pagans could doubt, whether thus to live were to die ; since our longest sun sets at right descensions, and makes but winter arches, and therefore it cannot be long before we lie down in darkness and have our light in ashes …' At that instant I was almost clipped by a taxicab, and the driver stuck his head out and yelled, ' Aincha got eyes in that head, ya bum?

It is still used as such today although the structures have been modified since then as seen in the differences in the columns and sizes of the arches.

This triple arrangement was unusual in its time, and Classical triumphal arches have been suggested as an influence.