*# The second basic thesis is that intellectual freedom is essential to human society — freedom to obtain and distribute information, freedom for open-minded and unfearing debate and freedom from pressure by officialdom and prejudices.

" The structure of a dissertation consists in an introduction that elucidates the basic definitions involved in the question as set, followed by an argument or thesis, a counter-argument or antithesis, and a resolving argument or synthesis that is not a compromise between the former but the production of a new argument, ending with a conclusion that does not sum up the points but opens onto a new problem.

The doctoral thesis, accepted by King John II Casimir University of Lwów in 1920 and published in 1922, included the basic ideas of functional analysis, which was soon to become an entirely new branch of mathematics.

In the early 20th century, logical positivism — a stricter version of Comte's basic thesis but a broadly independent movement — sprang up in Vienna and grew to become one of the dominant movements in Anglo-American philosophy and the analytic tradition.

" Its basic thesis is that when both a market economy and government are present, government agents provide numerous special market privileges.

In January 2001, during a visit to New York, IPN President Leon Kieres made public that IPN had accumulated enough evidence to confirm Gross ’ basic thesis that a group of Poles were indeed perpetrators in the Jedwabne massacre.

He wrote: " Though the basic thesis of the research seems wildly improbable, for many years I thought that an ironclad case had been made for the codes ; I did not see how ' cheating ' could have been possible.

In Germany, an academic thesis is called an Abschlussarbeit ( for non-doctorate and non-Habilitation degrees ) or the basic name of the degree complemented by-arbeit ( e. g., Diplomarbeit, Masterarbeit, Doktorarbeit, but Habilitationsschrift not Habilitationsarbeit ).

The highest degree corresponds to 12 academic semesters which, in UTFSM, is divided in 4 semesters of basic sciences ( Mathematics I to IV, Introduction to Physics, Physics I to IV, Chemistry, Thermodynamics, Computer Programming, and several lectures depending on the degree ), 4 semesters for lectures in the main area of the degree, and 4 complementary semesters with lectures oriented to production management, quality management, probabilities, stadistics, financial control, operations research, projects evaluation, research laboratory, soft skills, and professional thesis.

The Mphil course is 2 – 4 years and is a research postgraduate degree, containing submission and defence of research thesis in basic sciences similar to MD degree program in India.

* In Iran the professional degree in Medicine or MD is awarded upon completion of seven years continuous study started with 5. 5 years university education include 2. 5 years basic sciences, one year pathophysiology and two years clinical courses followed by one & half year of internship in accredited hospitals plus thesis.

Avakian's basic thesis contends that while Marx has scientifically explained how the basic contradictions of capitalist society will give rise, again and again, to the most horrid conditions, and that while these contradictions and horrors can only be resolved through revolution and communism, this resolution is not inevitable.

Stark's basic thesis is that, ultimately, Christianity triumphed over paganism because it improved the quality of life of its adherents at that time.

Subsequently, his interests switched to vertebrate neurophysiology when, for his master's thesis, he became involved in basic science research on the role of adrenal steroid hormones in modifying the activity of regions within the central nervous system involved in the regulation of sleep-wake cycles.

At first glance, at least, the " basic " beliefs of the foundationalist would appear to be counterexamples to the evidentialist's thesis, in that they are justified beliefs that are not rational because they are supported by deeper evidence.

In his book titled Mortal Questions, Thomas Nagel defines panpsychism as, " the view that the basic physical constituents of the universe have mental properties ," effectively claiming the panpsychist thesis to be a type of property dualism.

In this book she develops the basic thesis that human beings should consciously emulate nature's genius in their designs.

According to Sinnott-Armstrong ( 2006a ), the basic thesis of moral nihilism is that " nothing is morally wrong " (§ 3. 4 ).

The basic thesis of the memorandum was that population growth in the least developed countries ( LDCs ) is a concern to U. S. national security, because it would tend to risk civil unrest and political instability in countries that had a high potential for economic development.

According to this school, drawing its basic premise from the Pirenne thesis, the Roman world underwent a gradual ( though often violent ) series of transformations, morphing into the medieval world.

After presenting his sources, Rabbi Kaplan remarks, " We therefore find the basic thesis of the Sefer HaBris supported by a number of clear-cut statements by our Sages.

The basic thesis was that the gap between rich and poor countries ( with the wealthiest roughly 13 times richer than the poorest ) was intolerable and the situation was inherently unstable, and that ways should be searched for to try to reduce the gap to 6: 1 over the next 15 to 30 years.

Different logical positivists construed this doctrine in several different ways, e. g. as a reductionist thesis, that the objects investigated by the special sciences reduce to the objects of a common, putatively more basic domain of science, usually thought to be physics ; as the thesis that all of the theories and results of the various sciences can or ought to be expressed in a common language or " universal slang "; or as the thesis that all the special sciences share a common method.

In their vases were embodied the basic aesthetic and logical characteristics of Greek civilization, at first hesitantly in Protogeometric work, and then more confidently in the initial stages of the Geometric style.

In common law, black letter legal doctrine is an informal term indicating the basic principles of law generally accepted by the courts and / or embodied in the statutes of a particular jurisdiction.

Economist Milton Friedman writes that corporate executives ' " responsibility ... generally will be to make as much money as possible while conforming to their basic rules of the society, both those embodied in law and those embodied in ethical custom ".< ref name = mf1970 >

Their cognitive science of mathematics was a study of the embodiment of basic symbols and properties including those studied in the philosophy of mathematics, via embodied philosophy, using cognitive science.

" His concept embodied the basic tenets of Renaissance humanism, which considered humans empowered and limitless in their capacities for development, and it led to the notion that people should embrace all knowledge and develop their capacities as fully as possible.

The nomination consists of a standard nomination form and contains basic information about a property's physical appearance and the type of significance embodied in the building, structure, object, site, or district.

He was a virtuous leader who embodied the idea of basic unity, oneness and freedom among the diverse people scattered throughout its Sultanate.

Children are generally afforded the basic rights embodied by the Constitution, as enshrined by the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Though Schelling originally used coins and graph paper rather than computers, his models embodied the basic concept of agent-based models as autonomous agents interacting in a shared environment with an observed aggregate, emergent outcome.

However, developments in cognition studies which consider the role of embodied cognition and action in psychology can be seen to support his basic position.

These fundamental psychological expectations have become embodied, Jung claimed, in a common set of basic tendencies in the unconscious that predispose us to generate particular ideas, concepts and imagery related to them.

We declare that we finally adopt the unrestricted basic principle of the current constitution, which is embodied in Article 6 of the Declaration on the Rights of Man and Citizen that the law is an expression of general will, and that all citizens have the right to contribute personally to their training.

To him this means caring for the whole child, providing basic nutrition, and a spiritual attitude that lends freedom for the development of the mind.

What Gabriel was being asked to do now, however, was to re-examine all his basic assumptions, make value-judgments on them, and give them new and different powers in his mind to govern his motives.

A basic idea in Dianetics is that the mind consists of two parts: the " analytical mind " and the " reactive mind.

Typically in Western philosophy, dualism is considered to be a dualism between mind ( nonphysical ) and brain ( physical ), which ultimately involves mind interacting with the physical brain, and therefore also interacting with the micro-particles ( basic building blocks ) that make up the brain tissue.

Buddhist dualism, in Dharmakirti ’ s sense, is different in that it is not a dualism between the mind and brain, but rather between states of consciousness ( nonphysical ) and basic building blocks ( according to the Buddhist atomism of Dharmakirti, Buddhist atoms are also nonphysical: they are unstructured points of energy ).

Perhaps in more basic terms, the habitus could be understood as a structure of the mind characterized by a set of acquired schemata, sensibilities, dispositions and taste.

Says Rand, " Man's mind is his basic tool of survival.

This position often sees the human mind as mostly a biological construction, so that all humans sharing the same neurological configuration can be expected to have similar or identical basic cognitive patterns.

In a similar way, individual beliefs, say about economics or ethics, rest on more basic beliefs, say about the nature of human beings ; and those rest on still more basic beliefs, say about the mind ; and in the end the entire system rests on a set of basic beliefs which are not justified by other beliefs.

Cultural universals such as emotion and the relative resilience of psychological adaptation to accidental biological changes ( for instance the David Reimer case of gender reassignment following an accident ) also support basic biological mechanisms in the mind.

Those, at least, are the claims stemming from the basic notion that the sort of thing that the divine spirit is, is a timeless, creative mind.

" He said, " The desire to deprive some of our citizens of their rights — economic, civic or political — has the same basic motivation as actuates the Fascist mind when it seeks to dominate whole peoples and nations.

They might have < nowiki ></ nowiki > in mind, instead, a basic concept of fairness ; teaching all the evidence.

These crews were the Swiss hip hop founders and brought the hip hop culture fundamentals ( Peace, love & unity state of mind, graffiti, breakdance, DJing, MCs ) and clothing styles straight from the roots and basic founders in New York City ( Kool Herc, Afrika Bambaataa & The Zulu Nation, Fab 5 Freddy, Grandmaster Flash, The Rock Steady Crew, The New York City Breakers and many other U. S. hip hop masters …).

In the Dialogues On Metaphysics And Religion ( dialogue 1 ), Malebranche added that the same basic structure can also account for ( the mental as opposed to the physiological element in ) imagination, in this case where the idea only " lightly touches " the mind.

In metaphysics, pluralism is a doctrine that many basic substances make up reality, while monism holds existence to be a single substance, often either matter ( materialism ) or mind ( idealism ), and dualism believes two substances, such as matter and mind, to be necessary.

" Of course I am maybe one of the few musicians who like simple recurring melody patterns and in all my playing I try to keep to keep a basic melody line in my mind and attempt to develop meaningful inversions and variations ... I like the basic blues ...