An axon ( also known as a nerve fiber ) is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body.

In certain sensory neurons ( pseudounipolar neurons ), such as those for touch and warmth, the electrical impulse travels along an axon from the periphery to the cell body, and from the cell body to the spinal cord along another branch of the same axon.

An axon is one of two types of protoplasmic protrusions that extrude from the cell body of a neuron, the other type being dendrites.

Axons are distinguished from dendrites by several features, including shape ( dendrites often taper while axons usually maintain a constant radius ), length ( dendrites are restricted to a small region around the cell body while axons can be much longer ), and function ( dendrites usually receive signals while axons usually transmit them ).

The density of voltage-gated sodium channels is much higher here than is found in the adjacent cell body, excepting the axon hillock.

Each actinophryid are unicellular and roughly spherical in shape, without any shell or test, and with many pseudopodia supported by axopods radiating outward from the cell body, which adhere to passing prey and allows it to roll or float about.

It is part of the B cell receptor ( BCR ), which allows a B cell to detect when a specific antigen is present in the body and triggers B cell activation.

In that paper Faraday explained that when an electrolytic cell is oriented so that electric current traverses the " decomposing body " ( electrolyte ) in a direction " from East to West, or, which will strengthen this help to the memory, that in which the sun appears to move ", the anode is where the current enters the electrolyte, on the East side: " ano upwards, odos a way ; the way which the sun rises " (, reprinted in ).

A number of harmful and undesired ( adverse ) effects have been observed, including lowered life expectancy, extrapyramidal effects on motor control – including akathisia ( an inability to sit still ), trembling, and muscle weakness – weight gain, decrease in brain volume ( although this is being debated, since schizophrenia, which is often treated with antipsychotics, also causes a shrinkage of brain volume ), enlarged breasts ( gynecomastia ) in men and milk discharge in men and women ( galactorrhea due to hyperprolactinaemia ), lowered white blood cell count ( agranulocytosis ), involuntary repetitive body movements ( tardive dyskinesia ), diabetes, sexual dysfunction, a return of psychosis requiring increasing the dosage due to cells producing more neurochemicals to compensate for the drugs ( tardive psychosis ), and a potential for permanent chemical dependence leading to psychosis worse than before treatment began, if the drug dosage is ever lowered or stopped ( tardive dysphrenia ).

They send these signals by means of an axon, which is a thin protoplasmic fiber that extends from the cell body and projects, usually with numerous branches, to other areas, sometimes nearby, sometimes in distant parts of the brain or body.

The length of an axon can be extraordinary: for example, if a pyramidal cell of the cerebral cortex were magnified so that its cell body became the size of a human body, its axon, equally magnified, would become a cable a few centimeters in diameter, extending more than a kilometer.

The chromium ( III ) is excreted from the body, whereas the chromate ion is transferred into the cell by a transport mechanism, by which also sulfate and phosphate ions enter the cell.

In that paper Faraday explained that when an electrolytic cell is oriented so that electric current traverses the " decomposing body " ( electrolyte ) in a direction " from East to West, or, which will strengthen this help to the memory, that in which the sun appears to move ", the cathode is where the current leaves the electrolyte, on the West side: " kata downwards, ` odos a way ; the way which the sun sets ".

Dendrites ( from Greek δένδρον déndron, " tree ") are the branched projections of a neuron that act to conduct the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project.

A randomization of `` ups '' and `` downs '' is more likely than ordered `` ups '' and `` downs '' in position ( 3 ) since the hydrogen atoms are well separated and so the position of one could hardly affect the position of another, and also since ordered `` up '' and `` down '' implies a larger unit cell, for which no evidence exists.

The last column shows the rate of exchange that would have been observed at a relative intensity of 4 ( 14.7 cm. distance ) calculated on the assumptions that the incident light intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance of the lamp from the cell and that the rate is directly proportional to the incident light intensity.

On this, she builds an `` egg compartment '' or `` egg cell '' which is filled with that famous pollen-and-nectar mixture called beebread.

The first is compiling a list of text forms, assigning an information cell to each, and replacing text occurrences with the information cell assigned to the form of each occurrence.

When an occurrence Af is isolated during text reading, a random memory address Af, the address of a cell in the X-region, is computed from the form of Af.

If cell Af has not previously been assigned as the information cell of a form in the text-form list, it is now assigned as the information cell of Af.

The form itself is stored in the next available cells of the W-region, beginning in cell Af.

the information cell Af is saved to represent the text occurrence.

If Af was assigned as the information cell for Af, the routine can detect that Af is identical to Af by comparing Af with the form stored at location Af.

The address Af is stored in the cell Af.

If Af leads to an address Af that is equal to the address computed from Af, even though Af does not match Af, the chain of information cells is extended from Af by storing the address of the next available cell in the Y-region, Af, in Af.

The cell Af becomes the second information cell in the chain and is assigned as the information cell of Af.

Each information cell in the chain contains the address of the Y-cell where the form to which it is assigned is stored.

Each cell except the last in the chain also contains the address of the Y-cell that is the next element of the chain ; ;

Hence, when the address Af is computed from Af, the cell Af and all Y-cells in its chain must be inspected to determine whether Af is already in the form list or whether it should be added to the form list and the chain.

In cell biology, an organelle () is a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function, and is usually separately enclosed within its own lipid bilayer.

Eukaryotic cells are structurally complex, and by definition are organized, in part, by interior compartments that are themselves enclosed by lipid membranes that resemble the outermost cell membrane.

* A plasmodial slime mold is enclosed within a single membrane without walls and is one large cell.

Unlike a true coelom, a pseudocoel is not fully enclosed by a cell layer derived from the embryonic mesoderm.

The antenna may be enclosed inside the case or attached to the outside of the transmitter, as in portable devices such as cell phones, walkie-talkies, and garage door openers.

Inside the chromatophore cell, pigment granules are enclosed in an elastic sac, called the cytoelastic sacculus.

One barium atom in the unit cell is enclosed by nine oxygen atoms with a mean distance of 2. 824 Å.

Thus the genome enclosed within the viral particle can be used as messenger RNA and immediately translated by the host cell.

The multigenomic organism also differs from the symbiotic relationship between cells and mitochondria because the mitochondria are not considered a separate species, although there is strong evidence that they once were symbiotic bacteria that became enclosed in the cell wall.

In the modern era the gallows were often installed inside a prison ; freestanding on a scaffold in the yard, erected at ground level over a pit, enclosed in a small shed of stone, brick or wood, built into the gallery of a prison wing ( with beam in brackets on opposite walls ), or in a purpose-built execution suite of rooms within the wing and close to the condemned cell.

Outside the cell, there was an individual area for exercise, enclosed by high walls so prisoners couldn't communicate.

The structure, probably a monk's cell, is enclosed by a wall within which is the island's only gravestone.

Every animal cell is enclosed in a plasma membrane, which has the structure of a lipid bilayer with many types of large molecules embedded in it.

The entire cell is enclosed by a steel casing that is protected, usually by chromium and molybdenum, from corrosion on the inside.

However, new evidence indicates that a multimeric complex ( Granzyme B, perforin, and granulysin ) can enter a cell through the mannose 6-phosphate receptor ( or another receptor found in tumor cells ) and is enclosed in a vesicle ( a sac ).

KSHV is a herpesvirus, and is a large double-stranded DNA virus with a protein covering that packages its nucleic acids, called the capsid, which is then surrounded by an amorphous protein layer called the tegument, and finally enclosed in a lipid envelope derived in part from the cell membrane.

For applications that require frequent and relatively rapid start-ups ... where zero emissions are a requirement, as in enclosed spaces such as warehouses, and where hydrogen is considered an acceptable reactant, a fuel cell is becoming an increasingly attractive choice exchanging batteries is inconvenient ".

By using this method, the smallest area ( or volume ) is enclosed in this way and is called the Wigner – Seitz primitive cell.

Police departments may have an enclosed garage or other access point at a private door leading to their building so that an arrested person cannot escape during transfer from a patrol car and a holding cell.

The glomerulus is made up of the mossy fibre terminal, granule cell dendrites, the Golgi terminal and is enclosed by a glial coat.