In 1999 they brought a legal challenge to this patent which had granted a private US citizen " ownership " of the knowledge of a plant that is well-known and sacred to many indigenous peoples of the Amazon, and used by them in religious and healing ceremonies.

On a later occasion in Parma, he won another valuable violin ( also by Guarneri ) after a difficult sight-reading challenge brought on by a man named Pasini.

Mares ' unexpected death at the age of 45 in 1864 placed Percy Neame, at the age of 28, as the stronger partner with Henry Shepherd, and with the challenge left to him in Mares ' successful expansion programme he brought the Faversham Brewery well into the Neame family's dominion.

The English king was forced into exile, and in late 1013 Sweyn became King of England, though he died early in 1014, and the former king was brought out of exile to challenge his son.

* June 11 – Monmouth Rebellion: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, illegitimate son of King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland, lands at Lyme Regis with an invasion force brought from the Netherlands to challenge his uncle, James II, for the Crown of England.

Unwilling to pay it, they took the tax notice to local legal aid attorneys at Leech Lake Legal Services, who brought suit to challenge the tax in the state courts.

The start of the 20th century brought economic challenge to Columbia as local industries declined.

After the Supreme Court ruling, the New Orleans Comité des Citoyens ( Committee of Citizens ), which had brought the suit and arranged for Homer Plessy's arrest in order to challenge Louisiana's segregation law, replied, “ We, as freemen, still believe that we were right and our cause is sacred .”

This caused much controversy and was the subject of protests and a challenge brought to the High Court.

1976 brought a new challenge to the law with the case of In re Sterilization of Joseph Lee Moore in which an appeal was heard by the North Carolina Supreme Court.

A second challenge to the Connecticut law was brought by a doctor as well as his patients in Poe v. Ullman ( 1961 ).

Studebaker's strong post-war management team including president Paul G Hoffman and Roy Cole ( vice-president, engineering ) had gone by 1949 and was replaced by more cautious executives who failed to meet the competitive challenge brought on by Henry Ford II and his Whiz Kids.

The introduction of medical bacteriology in the 1870s and 1880s provided a challenge to the miasma theory, though consensus was not reached immediately ; concerns over sewer gas, which was a major component of the miasma theory developed by Galen and brought to prominence by the Great Stink, led to continuing proponents of the theory, who observed that sewers enclosed the refuse of the human bowel, which medical science had discovered could teem with typhoid, cholera, and other microbes.

In Bowers v. Hardwick ( 1986 ), the Supreme Court heard a constitutional challenge to sodomy laws brought by a man who had been arrested, but was not prosecuted, for engaging in oral sex with another man in his home.

Among the most impressive of Farr's design boats was the 90 foot long KZ-1, the Michael Fay sponsored boat brought forth to challenge the San Diego Yacht Club immediately following their gaining the cup in 1987.

In the next reward challenge, where family and loved ones of the contestants were brought to the islands, Jon had conspired weeks before with his best friend to present the tale of a " dead grandmother ", hoping to use it to gain sympathy.

On March 19, 2004, Quebec became the third province in Canada to legally perform a same-sex marriage, following a court challenge brought by Michael Hendricks and René Leboeuf.

" Piper then brought Hogan back the following week to get Hogan to respond to André's challenge.

The editor-in-chief of The Voice, Jeff Trachtman, brought a First Amendment challenge to this decision in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in front of Judge Constance Baker Motley.

The commander of the naval escort that had brought the settlers concluded that they were unfit for the complex challenge of founding a new settlement in a hostile environment.

Although his legal challenge was unsuccessful, it brought about additional solidarity among players as they fought against baseball's reserve clause and sought free agency.

This brought Storm to challenge Callisto to a duel.

In late August 2007, the quickie bag changed format with the bag being brought in by an organisation, company or public member who challenge the chefs to prepare the dish.

One decision, for which Campbell is perhaps most widely criticized to this day, was barring Bobby Hull from participating in the ground-breaking international challenge series in 1972 that brought together the best Russian and Canadian ice hockey players in what has become known as the Summit Series.

Though there is obviously nothing new about these techniques, they do challenge the worker's skill to articulate them precisely on the spot and on the basis of quick and accurate diagnostic assessments.

It was only after we had responded, with what I fear were similar cliches, that she went into action by questioning our desire for friendship and understanding with a challenge about aggressive and warlike actions by the U.S. Government in Cuba and Laos.

A doctor may suspect dissociative fugue when people seem confused about their identity or are puzzled about their past or when confrontations challenge their new identity or absence of one.

Keynes asked his friend Piero Sraffa to respond publicly to Hayek's challenge ; instead of formulating an alternative theory, Sraffa elaborated on the logical inconsistencies of Hayek's argument, especially concerning the effect of inflation-induced " forced savings " on the capital sector and about the definition of a " natural " interest rate in a growing economy.

Both UMNO and the MCA were nervous about the possible appeal of Lee's People's Action Party ( then seen as a radical socialist party ) to voters in Malaya, and tried to organise a party in Singapore to challenge Lee's position there.

However, there is wide dispute whether Popper's description of " historicism " is an accurate description of Hegel, or more a reflection of his own philosophical antagonists, including Marxist-Leninist thought, then widely held as posing a challenge to the philosophical basis of the West, as well as theories such as Spengler's which drew predictions about the future course of events from the past.

In the summer of 1925, Radek was appointed Provost of the newly established Sun Yat-Sen University, where Radek collected information for the opposition from students about the situation in China and cautiously began to challenge the official Comintern policy.

" In these early years of Sanger's activism, she viewed birth control as a free-speech issue, and when she started publishing The Woman Rebel, one of her goals was to provoke a legal challenge to the federal anti-obscenity laws which banned dissemination of information about contraception.

" A general lack of education and experience about business is a significant challenge to prospective entrepreneurs ," was the report on Native American entrepreneurship by the Northwest Area Foundation in 2004.

Other issues include whether an individual has any ownership rights to data about them, and / or the right to view, verify, and challenge that information.

In the final stage, stage eight or old age, people are still learning about the challenge of integrity and despair.

" The Gift of the Magi " is a short story written by O. Henry ( a pen name for William Sydney Porter ), about a young married couple and how they deal with the challenge of buying secret Christmas gifts for each other with very little money.

She suggests the mutual antagonism came about two years later in 1455 in the wake of the First Battle of St. Albans, when Margaret perceived him as a challenge to the king's authority.

In an interview with Ukula about his film the 11th Hour, DiCaprio cited global warming as " the number-one environmental challenge.

Bernard becomes agitated when Hannah and Valentine challenge the solidity and logic of his argument, responding by launching into a diatribe about the irrelevance of science, before departing to share the lecture in the capital and make promotional appearances in the media.

Had that been true, as head of the army, in a position given to him by Hatshepsut ( who was clearly not worried about her co-regent's loyalty ), he surely could have led a successful coup, but he made no attempt to challenge her authority during her reign and, her accomplishments and images remained featured on all of the public buildings she built for twenty years after her death.

" Speaking about the best and worst part about playing a Star Trek captain, she said: " The best thing was simply the privilege and the challenge of being able to take a shot at the first female captain, transcending stereotypes that I was very familiar with.

At the time of his death, there were talks about a rematch with Gómez or a challenge of world lightweight champion Alexis Argüello, Salvador Sanchez finished his career undefeated as champion ( due to his early death ).

Thrasher said " My cartoons, more often than not, challenge the reader to think about things that are horrible, reprehensible and irredeemable.

Egoyan has noted that although the role requires " an emotionally loaded journey ", he " met with Reese, and ... talked at length about the project, and she's eager to take on the challenge ".

The success of Kingston's tourism industry is heavily dependent on information about travelers, however data availability still remains a challenge.

To challenge the Prince of Wales's right to succeed him would be to challenge fundamental contemporary assumptions about property rights and primogeniture.