SAT is also easier if the number of literals in a clause is limited to 2, in which case the problem is called 2SAT.

The government also strengthened a Fair Wages Resolution, with a clause that required all employers getting government contracts to recognise the rights of their workers to join trade unions.

But, one opinion in the Jerusalem Talmud argues that the concubine should also receive a marriage contract, but without including a clause specifying a divorce settlement.

He also mastered a new set of issues regarding the commerce clause and, in a deliberately restrained manner, wrote constitutional decisions that expanded the regulatory powers of both the state and federal governments.

Based on pre-constitutional case law, the clause is constructed to also protect against double jeopardy in the case of an acquittal.

The jury and judges also noted, in their words, that Biafra “ lacked credibility ” on the songwriting issue and found from evidence presented by both sides that the songwriting credits were due to the entire band, using a clause in the band's written partnership giving a small share of every Dead Kennedys song royalty directly to the band partnership.

Eastern Orthodox Christians argue that thereby the council condemned not only the addition of the Filioque clause to the creed but also denounced the clause as heretical ( a view strongly espoused by Photius in his polemics against Rome ), while Roman Catholics separate the two and insist on the theological orthodoxy of the clause.

While most of these migrations had an economic background, Germany has also been a prime destination for refugees from many developing countries, in part because its constitution long had a clause giving a ' right ' to political asylum, but restrictions over the years have since made it less attractive.

It also removed the clause that parliamentarians be directly elected by universal suffrage.

The original BSD license also includes a clause requiring all advertising of the software to display a notice crediting its authors.

The Articles of Confederation, ratified by the colonies in 1781, contained the clause, " The United States in Congress assembled shall also have the sole and exclusive right and power of regulating the alloy and value of coin struck by their own authority, or by that of the respective states — fixing the standards of weights and measures throughout the United States — ....".

It concluded that Puerto Rico is still an unincorporated territory of the U. S. under the territorial clause, that the establishment of local self-government with the consent of the people can be unilaterally revoked by the U. S. Congress, and that U. S. Congress can also withdraw the U. S. citizenship of Puerto Rican residents of Puerto Rico at any time, for a legitimate Federal purpose.

Consent may also derive from a pre-litigation agreement by the parties, such as a forum selection clause in a contract ( not to be confused with a choice of law clause ).

The idea that direct election is required for legitimacy also contradicts the spirit of the Great Compromise, whose actual result was manifest in the clause that provides voters in smaller states with slightly more representation in presidential selection than those in large states.

The first clause can also be translated as " which is for Solomon ", meaning that the book is dedicated to Solomon.

The External Relations Act, passed the next day, as well as properly approving the abdication, also triggers the constitutional clause, making the new king " authorized by Ireland " for external relations.

So the UCC included a clause stating that parties which were also Berne Convention parties need not apply the provisions of the Convention to any former Berne Convention state which renounced the Berne Convention after 1951.

The settlement also includes a clause which will prevent Pavel from bringing future law suits.

" Congress is also empowered to come up with the guidelines " for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress " ( clause 16 ).

Gable and Tracy also made two other films together, Test Pilot and Boom Town, before Tracy eventually insisted on the same top billing clause in his MGM contract that Gable had enjoyed, effectively ending the American cinema's most famous screen team.

" Harlan found that the due process clause of the Amendment guarded against " an invasion of the personal liberty, as well as the right of property ", and that " uch liberty and right embraces the right to make contracts for the purchase of the labor of others and equally the right to make contracts for the sale of one's own labor ".

* 1905 – The Supreme Court of the United States decides Lochner v. New York which holds that the " right to free contract " is implicit in the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.

Another significant set of violations concerns the " confrontation clause " of Article 6 ( i. e. the right to examine witnesses or have them examined ).

The first paragraph of the Act that abolished the Star Chamber repeats the clause on the right of a citizen to be judged by his peers:

Miranda right to counsel and right to remain silent are derived from the self-incrimination clause of the Fifth Amendment.

However, the Party eliminated the right to secession in later years, and had anti-secession clause written into the Constitution before and after the founding the People's Republic of China.

Nevertheless, the English Bill of Rights remains an important constitutional document, more for enumerating the rights of Parliament over the monarchy than for its clause concerning a right to have arms.

The major European parties mistakenly believed that the treaty contained a secret clause granting Russia the right to send warships through the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits.

# When a semicolon marks the right boundary of a constituent ( e. g., a clause or a phrase ), the left boundary is marked by punctuation of equal or greater strength.

Decided simultaneously with a companion case, Doe v. Bolton, the Court ruled that a right to privacy under the due process clause of the 14th Amendment extended to a woman's decision to have an abortion, but that right must be balanced against the state's two legitimate interests in regulating abortions: protecting prenatal life and protecting women's health.

However this right is subject to restrictions under sub clause ( 2 ), whereby this freedom can be restricted for reasons of " sovereignty and integrity of India, the security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, preserving decency, preserving morality, in relation to contempt, court, defamation, or incitement to an offense ".

" A primary difference is that the Bill of Rights ' notwithstanding clause could be used to invalidate any right, not just specified clauses as with the Charter.

However, due to the limitations clause, where a violation of a right exists, the law will not necessarily grant protection of that right.

In Cross v. State, 370 P. 2d 371 ( Wyoming 1962 ) the Court found that the Due Process of Law clause in the state constitution guaranteed " the inherent and inalienable right to protect property.

In March 1956 a clause in the British Transport Commission ( no 2 ) Act was presented to parliament that would have removed the right of navigation between Reading and Bath.

The committee supported the suspension of the right of navigation, and the Bill passed through the House of Commons but was amended by the House of Lords to include a clause to enforce " no further deterioration ".

In response, the United States countered that the restrictions in adequate accommodation for black Americans severely interfered with interstate travel, and that Congress, under the United States Constitution's Commerce clause, was certainly within its power to address such matters.

The original reason for this clause was to protect innumerable small towns whose survival depended upon providing roadside services ; because of it, private truck stops and travel plazas have blossomed into a $ 171 billion industry in the United States.

In his explanation of the scope of the rights protected by the clause, Justice Washington included the right to travel through states, the right of access to the courts, the right to purchase and hold property, and an exemption from higher taxes than state residents pay.

There is nonetheless considerable argument against the clause, softened though it be, on the grounds that Federal aid is so necessary to the public schools.

Italy cited a clause in the Triple Alliance treaty which only bound it to enter in case of aggression against one of the treaty members, and so remained neutral – for the time being.

This is obtained as follows: Initially, the only matching clause-head for the query is the first one, so proving the query is equivalent to proving the body of that clause with the appropriate variable bindings in place, i. e., the conjunction.

Stanford is the beneficiary of a special clause in the California Constitution, which explicitly exempts Stanford property from taxation so long as the property is used for educational purposes.

He asked the producers to take his name off the credits of all the shows but he did not have a clause like Ellison's in his contract, so he remained credited.

The Constitution does not fix the size of the House of Representatives ; instead, this clause empowers Congress to determine the size of the House as part of the apportionment process, so long as the size of the House does not exceed 1 member for every 30, 000 of the country's total population and the size of the state's delegation does not exceed 1 for every 30, 000 of the state's population ( although these limits have not been approached since the Founding ).

Because the wording of the clause is so vague, it was impossible for either side to prove its point.

When first adopted, this clause applied to fugitive slaves and required that they be extradited upon the claims of their enslavers, but it provided no means for doing so.

Tlingit lacks a ditransitive, so the indirect object is described by a separate, extraposed clause.

In clause 39 of the Magna Carta, John of England promised as follows: " No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his rights or possessions, or outlawed or exiled, or deprived of his standing in any other way, nor will we proceed with force against him, or send others to do so, except by the lawful judgment of his equals or by the law of the land.

# That by retroactively extending copyright terms, Congress had violated the requirements of the Constitution's Copyright Clause, which gives Congress the following power: " To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries " ( emphasis added ) Plaintiffs argued that by reading this formulation so as to allow for any number of retroactive extensions, Congress could in practice guarantee an unlimited period of copyright protection, thus thwarting the intent of the clause.

The Congress that passed the Taft – Hartley Amendments considered repealing the Norris-LaGuardia Act to the extent necessary to permit courts to issue injunctions against strikes violating a no-strike clause, but chose not to do so.

Removing the First Law's " inaction " clause solves this problem but creates the possibility of an even greater one: a robot could initiate an action which would harm a human ( dropping a heavy weight and failing to catch it is the example given in the text ), knowing that it was capable of preventing the harm and then decide not to do so.

The so-called New Laws are similar to Asimov's originals with the following differences: the First Law is modified to remove the " inaction " clause, the same modification made in " Little Lost Robot "; the Second Law is modified to require cooperation instead of obedience ; the Third Law is modified so it is no longer superseded by the Second ( i. e., a " New Law " robot cannot be ordered to destroy itself ); finally, Allen adds a Fourth Law which instructs the robot to do " whatever it likes " so long as this does not conflict with the first three laws.

Not all educators supported the advertising clause, so a compromise was struck.

Further, because the law lacks a " severability clause ," if part of the law is judged unconstitutional, so is the remainder.

This was the occasion when the clergy were forced, at a cost of 100, 000 pounds, to purchase the king's pardon for having recognized Cardinal Thomas Wolsey's authority as legate of the pope ; and at the same time to acknowledge Henry as Supreme Head of the Church in England, to which phrase, but the addition of the clause " so far as God's law permits " was made through Fisher's efforts.

Any value that matches the pattern in the second clause will also match the pattern in the first clause, so the second clause is unreachable.

He is puzzled when the Evil One doesn't put up much of a fight, only stipulating an escape clause which allows the man to die if he so wishes, but doesn't worry too much about it.

In English, the gerund is identical in form to the present participle ( ending in-ing ) and can behave as a verb within a clause ( so that it may be modified by an adverb or have an object ), but the clause as a whole ( sometimes consisting of only one word, the gerund itself ) acts as a noun within the larger sentence.