Though the term communitarianism is of 20th-century origin, it is derived from the 1840s term communitarian, which was coined by Goodwyn Barmby to refer to one who was a member or advocate of a communalist society.

Scandinavian communalist organization based on Bookchin's ideas.

The Oneida Community, founded in the nineteenth century by John Humphrey Noyes experimented with coitus reservatus which was then called male continence in a religiously Christian communalist environment.

Mookerjee was a political leader who felt the need to counteract the communalist and separatist Muslim League of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who were demanding either exaggerated Muslim rights or a Muslim state of Pakistan.

Utopian socialists never actually used this name to describe themselves ; the term " Utopian socialism " was introduced by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in The Communist Manifesto in 1848, although Marx shortly before the publication of this pamphlet already attacked the ideas of Pierre-Joseph Proudhon in Das Elend der Philosophie ( originally written in French, 1847 ) and used by later socialist thinkers to describe early socialist or quasi-socialist intellectuals who created hypothetical visions of egalitarian, communalist, meritocratic, or other notions of " perfect " societies without actually concerning themselves with the manner in which these societies could be created or sustained.

Étienne Cabet ( 1788 – 1856 ) who was influenced by Robert Owen, published a book in 1840 entitled Travel and adventures of Lord William Carisdall in Icaria in which he described an ideal communalist society.

The AEL strives to develop an Arab Muslim communalist movement in Europe.

A utopian communalist and expatriat English printer, Watkin attained some renown as the adopted father and mentor of the once famous writer, Lafcadio Hearn.

Although it is still unknown to what degree Watkin participated in any cooperative or communalist movements in England or America before the Civil War, evidence suggests that Watkin was an active member of a community of progressive and radical Cincinnatians during his professional life.

He also opposed the Muslim League and its members ' communalist outlook illustrated in their two-nation theory.

The movement had much in common with other communalist utopian societies formed in the United States and Europe during the Second Great Awakening which sought to govern aspects of people's lives through precepts of faith and community organization.

" This double base, both industrial and rural, had turned the libertarian communism of Spanish anarcho-syndicalism in somewhat divergent directions, the one communalist, the other syndicalist.

In later years, Onn became increasingly disgusted with what he considered to be UMNO's race based communalist policies, and called for party membership to be opened to all Malayans, and for UMNO to be renamed as the United Malayans National Organisation.

While Kate is friendly with Emma, who has a more senior position, Kate has fewer ethical qualms about stories than Emma, and tends to be in the middle of conflicts between Emma and the executive producer.

The Anglo-Catholic party within Anglicanism tends to identify with the Roman Catholic position with regard to the sacramental nature of ordination.

During the day, the Sun tends to raise to its maximum at a southerly position, whereas in the Southern Hemisphere it raises to a maximum that is northerly in position ( as it tends towards the direction of the equator ).

* When the system is displaced from its equilibrium position, a restoring force which resembles Hooke's law tends to restore the system to equilibrium.

A net restoring force then tends to slow it down, until its velocity vanishes, whereby it will attempt to reach equilibrium position again.

What tends to get overlooked was that in 1975 and 1976, it was the successful changing of Rose's primary position from the outfield to fill the void at third base ( 3B ) that seemed to solidify the Reds team for these 2 championship seasons as this move enabled the Reds to use power hitting outfielder George Foster more.

With ailerons in the neutral position, the wing on the outside of the turn develops more lift than the opposite wing due to the variation in airspeed across the wing span, which tends to cause the aircraft to continue to roll.

This tends to happen when the subject believes he or she is in a particular position, whereas his or her actual body is either rocking in a cradle actively, or still lying down.

* Steppers exhibit more vibration than other motor types, as the discrete step tends to snap the rotor from one position to another ( called a detent ).

The position of the cyclopean eye is not usually exactly centered between the eyes, but tends to be closer to the dominant eye.

In contrast to a standard guitar, where one tends to " run out of options " within a particular fingering, the Stick tuning results in up to 4 or even 5 octaves of note choices, under each hand's fretting position.

Bennett tends to take a conservative position on affirmative action, school vouchers, curriculum reform, and religion in education.

A private lecturer in Germany is generally highly qualified, tends to be around 40 and often has a family, and no salaried position is coupled with this academic title and status.

Some class-based games encourage camping ; for instance, in Team Fortress Classic and Team Fortress 2, the Engineer ( who builds and tends automated, immobile sentry turrets ) is suited to fighting from a fixed position.

In a supinated position, it tends to pronate as it flexes.

The " gate " is slightly tilted, so the weight tends to slowly return to a central position.

When the rider falls and the stirrup is free, it tends to return to its home position flat against the horse's side.

A floating object is stable if it tends to restore itself to an equilibrium position after a small displacement.

This is because the straight ahead position is where the wheel is at its highest point relative to the suspended body of the vehicle-the weight of the vehicle tends to return the kingpin to this position.

For many languages, pharyngealization is generally associated with more dental articulations of coronal consonants so that dark l tends to be dental or dentoalveolar while clear l tends to be retracted to an alveolar position.

Following ten consecutive draws, Korchnoi threw away a winning position in the seventeenth game to give Karpov a 3 – 0 lead.

However, it was clear that the central geopolitical position of Bulgaria in the Balkans would inevitably lead to strong external pressure by both World War II factions.

It is clear that a single bishop was expected to lead the church in each centre of Christian mission, supported by a council of presbyters ( a distinct and subordinate position ) with a pool of deacons.

The individualists position has tended to lead to the view that later changes in the words of ballads are corruptions of an original text.

Although female roles were performed by castrati in some of the papal states, this was increasingly rare ; by 1680, they had supplanted " normal " male voices in lead roles, and retained their position as primo uomo for about a hundred years ; an Italian opera not featuring at least one renowned castrato in a lead part would be doomed to fail.

Dr. Sun worked for 40 years to lead our people in the Nationalist cause, and we cannot allow any other personality to usurp this honored position ".

The basic step is danced in a face-to-face (" closed ") but staggered position ( i. e., the lead and follow are chest to chest, but their orientation to one another is offset in such a way that the feet are not toe-to-toe but alternate, like the teeth of a zipper ).

During this race, Earnhardt was briefly forced into the infield grass, but kept control of his car and returned to the track without giving up his lead — a maneuver now referred to as the " Pass in the Grass " even though Earnhardt actually didn't pass and couldn't have passed anyone for position as he was in the lead at the time.

Boles returned to his previous position as director of player development, and former Pittsburgh Pirates manager Jim Leyland was hired to lead the club in.

Yet he failed to gain a position he thought would lead him to success.

However, to solidify his position in the eyes of the eastern army, he needed to lead its soldiers to victory and a campaign against the Persians offered such an opportunity.

In choreographed pieces and other situations where the follow is in a tandem position or shadow position, the lead and follow will use the same footwork.

When he regained the lead broadcaster position on NBC, he continued to call play-by-play for both networks until the end of NBC's coverage in 2002.

Albert continues to be the lead play-by-play announcer for National Basketball Association games on TNT, a position he assumed in 1999.

Beginning in 2004, she favored what many consider to be the Democratic Party's position, and urged President George W. Bush to support federally funded embryonic stem cell research in the hope that this science could lead to a cure for Alzheimer's disease.

Another such group was Parents Against Outcomes Based Education, who took the position that the implementation of OBE would pose significant problems and potentially lead to the decreased knowledge and performance of school students.

Cronin's return came after Greg X. Volz turned down the position for lead vocalist due to his commitment to Christianity.

His position had been undermined the previous year by his decision to lead sixty-nine Labour MPs through the division lobby in support of the Heath's government's motion to take Britain into the EEC.

The position of premier was then handed over to Lee Moore, who, despite being recognized regionally as a legal scholar, seemed unable to lead ( he once told a PAM heckler, on Church Street in front of Government Headquarters of Parliament that he will " root like a pig in mud " in the House of Parliament ).

From 1850 to 1854 he filled the position of assistant in the college, and soon embarked upon original work, not in organic chemistry where the inspiration of his teacher, August Wilhelm von Hofmann, might have been expected to lead him, but on new compounds of selenium.

These systems use small nylon bags of lead shot pellets which are distributed throughout the BCD, allowing a diver to gain a better overall weight distribution leading to a more horizontal position in the water.