Congress has not clearly defined the bounds between state and federal court competence.

Campbell studied the records of 172 school board members in twelve western cities over the period of 1931 - 40 and found `` little or no relationship between certain social and economic factors and school board competence '', as judged by a panel of professional educators who studied the voting records on educational issues.

On Chomsky specifically, he writes that " imaginary problems were created by the whole series of dichotomies that Chomsky introduced, or took over unproblematized: not only syntax / semantics but also grammar / lexis, language / thought, competence / performance ... Once these dichotomies had been set up, the problem arose of locating and maintaining the boundaries between them linguistics "

In such cases its competence includes marriages between two Catholics, between a Catholic and non-Catholic, and between two non-Catholic parties whether one or both of the baptized parties belongs to the Latin or an Eastern Rite.

Syncretism tends to facilitate coexistence and unity between otherwise different cultures and worldviews ( intercultural competence ), a factor that has recommended it to rulers of multi-ethnic realms.

During organogenesis, molecular and cellular interactions between germ layers, combined with the cells ' developmental potential, or competence to respond, prompt the further differentiation of organ-specific cell types.

Hymes formulated a response to Noam Chomsky's influential distinction between competence ( knowledge of grammatical rules necessary to decoding and producing language ) and performance ( actual language use in context ).

Coping with the differences between two sets of cultural conventions is a question of intercultural competence.

The first was the distinction between competence and performance.

In 1986, Chomsky proposed a distinction between I-Language and E-Language, similar but not identical to the competence / performance distinction.

These other duties in fact include the resolving of conflicts of competence between courts, penal trials against judges for offences committed in office, disciplinary and advisory tasks and the decision in disputes about prizes taken by Dutch vessels.

It also allows parties to recognise the competence of the Committee to resolve disputes between parties on the implementation of the Covenant ( Articles 41 and 42 ).

It is a collateral matter progress essentially between the two tribunals, an inferior one and other superior one by which the latter, by virtue its power of superintendence over the former, restrains it within its rightful competence.

In some countries, sexual intercourse between a minor and an adult is not considered consensual under the law because a minor is believed to lack the maturity and competence to make an informed decision to engage in fully consensual sex with an adult.

These demanded the restoration of the union between the duchies, a question beyond the competence of the Confederation.

which highlights the difference between linguistic performance and linguistic competence, because the language can support more variation than can reasonably be created or recorded.

In contrast to the research inspired by Noam Chomsky, which is based on a distinction between competence and performance and dismisses the particulars of actual speech as a degraded form of idealized competence, Conversation Analysis studies naturally-occurring talk and shows that spoken interaction is systematically orderly in all its facets ( cf.

The term was coined by Dell Hymes in 1966, reacting against the perceived inadequacy of Noam Chomsky's ( 1965 ) distinction between competence and performance.

Supervision can also occur between licensed clinicians, as a way to improve clinicians ' quality of work and competence with various types of counseling clients.

Neusner was Morton Smith's student and admirer but later, in 1984, there was a very public falling out between them after Smith publicly denounced his former student's academic competence.

The competition between the Aulic Council and the Imperial Chamber was finally regulated by the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, which laid it down that the court which first dealt with a case should alone have competence to pursue it.

The widespread purge that has taken place the past twelve months or so among Communist leaders in the provinces gives assurance that the party officials who will dominate the Congress, and the Central Committee it will elect, will all have passed the tightest possible Khrushchev screening, both for loyalty to him and for competence and performance on the job.

This function is staffed by engineers chosen for their technical competence and who have the title, member of the technical staff.

new aspirants for power will emerge whose ambitions far exceed their competence ; ;

The engineer had more than seven years of experience in the firm, was well trained, was considered a hard worker, was respected by his fellow engineers for his technical competence and was regarded as a `` comer ''.

It believes that regions should have more power in Europe, for instance participate in the Council of the European Union, when matters within their competence are discussed.

They may function as forums for developing competence and are often the local units of a national employer's organization.

Although, thanks to their linguistic competence, human judges can be considered as the reference for a number of language processing tasks, there is also considerable variation across their ratings.

In the present time this cardinal has power over mission territories for Catholicism, essentially the Churches of Africa and Asia, but in the past his competence extended also to all lands where Protestants or Eastern Christianity was dominant.

In the federal ( bicameral ) kingdom of Belgium, there is a curious asymmetrical constellation serving as directly elected legislatures for three " territorial " regions — Flanders ( Dutch ), Brussels ( bilingual, certain peculiarities of competence, also the only region not comprising any of the 10 provinces ) and Wallonia ( French )— and three cultural communities — Flemish ( Dutch, competent in Flanders and for the Dutch-speaking inhabitants of Brussels ), Francophone ( French, for Wallonia and for Francophones in Brussels ) and German ( for speakers of that language in a few designated municipalities in the east of the Walloon Region, living alongside Francophones but under two different regimes )

: within the capital's regional assembly however, there also exist two so-called Community Commissions ( fixed numbers, not an automatic repartition of the regional assembly ), a Dutch-speaking one and a Francophone one, for various matters split up by linguistic community but under Brussels ' regional competence, and even ' joint community commissions ' consisting of both for certain institutions that could be split up but are not.

These bodies are responsible for the licensure of professionals, and may additionally set examinations of competence and enforce adherence to an ethical code of practice.

In an organizational structure, the Peter Principle's practical application allows assessment of the potential of an employee for a promotion based on performance in the current job ; i. e., members of an hierarchical organization eventually are promoted to their highest level of competence, after which further promotion raises them to incompetence.

Lower-level competent workers will not be promoted above their level of competence as the higher jobs are reserved for members of a higher class.

As a sign of their independence from national ties, judges were given full diplomatic immunity when engaged in Court business The only requirements for a judge were " high moral character " and that they have " the qualifications required in their respective countries the highest judicial offices " or be " jurisconsults of recognized competence in international law ".

Justice: We foster concern for justice and the competence to promote it.

Sir William Burnett, the Physician General of the Navy, interviewed him and arranged for the College of Surgeons to test his competence ( by means of a viva voce )

In terms of corruption, the general feeling was that senatorial elections were " bought and sold ", changing hands for favors and sums of money rather than because of the competence of the candidate.

Developments in society created a need for more and more specialised and practical knowledge, not merely competence in theology or law, for example.

For example, with radiographic equipment such as a CT scanner, one would reasonably require the operator to have competence in radiological safety ; but for consumer electronics, the goal ( distant as it often may be ) is to shield the user from having to possess any arbitrary threshold of skill.

Assessment practice overlaps with teaching practice in a sense ( it is difficult to teach individuals to a certain level of mathematical competence without first having fore-knowledge of their current mathematical abilities ).

Such criticism has continued up to present times, with the énarques being accused of monopolizing positions in higher administration and politics without having to show real competence.

Key made no move publicly, but Brash's reputation for honesty and political competence eroded when, for example, broadcast footage showed him walking a plank, and when allegations appeared of his having an affair with an Auckland businesswoman, Diane Foreman – a charge he has never denied.

There is tension among judges about the extent to which the core implied term of mutual trust and confidence can be ' contracted out of ', with the House of Lords having held that the parties are " free " to do so, while others approach the question as a matter of construction of the agreement which is within exclusive judicial competence to define.

In 1856 another subdivision, Tempe, was described as being close to the village of Arncliffe, described as having " all the characteristics of an English village, being beautifully situated amidst quiet rural scenery, spotted here and there with neat cottages which charm the eye with their pretty, well trimmed gardens, perfect pictures of competence and content ".

Now part of the Red Dwarf crew, Kochanski is in a clear position of authority as the highest-ranking member of the crew – a fact that Rimmer clearly resents ( having been robbed of what minuscule authority he could claim in that position ), although the others either appreciate or at least do not mind due to her clear intelligence and competence.

::* Directs the Secretary to take appropriate action to establish administrative procedures and machinery ( including personnel having particular competence in this field ) for the selection, administration, monitoring, and evaluation of Native American employment and training programs, and of migrant and seasonal employment and training programs, under this Act.

Moreover, the Treaty provides for the possibility to extend the powers of the EPPO to include under its sphere of competence serious crime having a cross-border dimension.

These members, who serve six-year renewable terms, are " chosen from amongst African personalities of the highest reputation, known for their high morality, integrity, impartiality and competence in matters of human and peoples ' rights " ( Charter, Article 31 ) and, in selecting these personalities, particular consideration is given " to persons having legal experience ".

Call, in Ezra's view, exhibits traits that fit Clover's definition of a final girl, namely that she is boyish, having a short masculine-style haircut, and that she is characterized by ( in Clover's words ) " smartness, gravity, competence in mechanical and other practical matters, and sexual reluctance " being a ship's mechanic who rejects the sexual advances made by male characters on the ship.

It is important for the procedure to be performed by a surgeon with extensive experience having done and observed the procedure, as specific competence makes a big difference.

Her competence has been recognised by other academic institutions, having received at least thirteen honorary doctorates, as well as the Yale Law School Medal of Merit and also the Manley O. Hudson Medal.

Holmes's younger brother, Sir John Holmes, was a naval captain of repute and competence, having for years served together with his eminent brother, and commanded the Channel Fleet ( 1677 – 1679 ).

This led to the breakdown of the steadfast rule of having to have competence in French and German at many ethnomusicology programs.

He gave up his priestly functions near 1540 when Paris, having heard of his competence, called him for teaching grammar in diverse locations.