Jean Bodin, writing in the sixteenth century, may have been the seminal thinker, but it was the vastly influential John Austin who set out the main lines of the concept as now understood.

They recognized that slavery was a moral issue and not merely an economic interest, and that to recognize it explicitly in their Constitution would be in explosive contradiction to the concept of sovereignty they had set forth in the Declaration of 1776 that `` all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among them are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

But though the Southern States, when drafting a constitution to unite themselves, narrowed the difference to this fine point by omitting to assert the right to secede, the fact remained that by seceding from the Union they had already acted on the concept that it was composed primarily of sovereign states.

What was perhaps more important than his concept of the nature of history and the historical method were those forces which shaped the direction of his thought.

There was only one way to accomplish this: by design, by drawing diagrams and sketches in which he probed the remotest corner of his mind for creative ideas to carry his concept.

what mattered was that a new concept of Americans was being born.

The concept of the Middle Kingdom at peace, strong and united under a forceful ruler, which had been only a longed-for ideal in the time of the Warring States, was finally realized by the establishment of a Chinese Empire under the Ch'in dynasty ( 221-207 B.C. ).

there was no Martian concept to match it -- unless one took `` church '' and `` worship '' and `` God '' and `` congregation '' and many other words and equated them to the totality of the only world he had known during growing-waiting then forced the concept back into English in that phrase which had been rejected ( by each differently ) by Jubal, by Mahmoud, by Digby.

He was closer to understanding it in English now, although it could never have the inevitability of the Martian concept it stood for.

`` I did not perceive this essential distinction either, First-Born '', Hesperus said at once, `` I was only practicing a concept that Jack taught me, called a deal ''.

This concept was emphasized by Sufi mystics like Rabia al-Adawiyya who paid attention to the difference between dedication to Allah ( i. e. God ) and dedication to people.

The zero was probably introduced to the Chinese in the Tang Dynasty ( 618-907 AD ) when travel in the Indian Ocean and the Middle East would have provided direct contact with India, allowing them to acquire the concept of zero and the decimal point from Indian merchants and mathematicians.

A third concept was proposed in 1923 by Gilbert N. Lewis which includes reactions with acid-base characteristics that do not involve a proton transfer.

The concept of an atom as an indivisible component of matter was first proposed by early Indian and Greek philosophers.

As it took many years for the name " The Ashes " to be given to the ongoing series between England and Australia, there was no concept of there being a representation of the ashes being presented to the winners.

Ford was the first company to build large factories around the assembly line concept.

The assembly line concept was independently redeveloped throughout history and not " invented " at one time by one person.

A peculiar feature of these Taoist thinkers, like the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove, was the concept of feng liu ( lit.

Rabbi Trugman states that in the last five centuries the concept of reincarnation, which until then had been a much hidden tradition within Judaism, was given open exposure.

The Arian concept of Christ is that the Son of God did not always exist, but was created by — and is therefore distinct from — God the Father.

Woolfson, a songwriter and composer, was working as a session pianist ; he had also composed material for a concept album idea based on the work of Edgar Allan Poe.

A grant application to build a proof of concept prototype was submitted in March 1939 to the Agronomy department which was also interested in speeding up computation for economic and research analysis.

The anthropic principle is often criticized for lacking falsifiability and therefore critics of the anthropic principle may point out that the anthropic principle is a non-scientific concept, even though the weak anthropic principle, " conditions that are observed in the universe must allow the observer to exist ", is " easy " to support in mathematics and philosophy, i. e. it is a tautology or truism

One can generalize the concept of Cartesian coordinates to allow axes that are not perpendicular to each other, and / or different units along each axis.

It would be another 50 years before the concept was again used to allow extremely high rates of fire, such as in miniguns, and automatic aircraft cannon.

Although not necessarily " voyeurism " in its original definition, as individuals in these given situations are aware of their audience, the concept behind " reality TV " is to allow unscripted social interaction with limited outside interference or influence.

For instance, BGP natively has no concept to allow one AS to tell another AS to restrict advertisement of a prefix to only North American peering customers.

It was originally Jaeger's suggestion that the FM synthesis concept be extended to allow four simultaneous channels or voices of synthesis to be triggered with one key depression to allow the final synthesized sound to have much more harmonic series activity.

Any design concept using wood must allow for the particulars of this dimensional variation.

Several variations from the original bipolar TTL concept were developed, giving circuits with higher speed or lower power dissipation to allow optimization of a design.

Schools based on the Classroom 2. 0 concept make use of CSCL and the Internet to allow learners in one school to communicate with learners in another that they would not get to know otherwise.

The organization has also championed the concept of racial impact statements that can allow policymakers to project any undue racial effects of proposed sentencing legislation.

Perhaps most notably, the concept takes on an essential role as the philosophical-spiritual basis of Thelema ( and its various delineations ), an occultic system of thought developed by the writer-mystic Aleister Crowley: Crowley argued that Will provides for a certain ground of being, as well as the possibility that rituals such as ceremonial magic, yoga, and meditation allow for conscious beings to have direct influence over reality and both the spiritual and metaphysical world.

In a 1932 paper he introduced the concept of an adaptive landscape in which phenomena such as cross breeding and genetic drift in small populations could push them away from adaptive peaks, which would in turn allow natural selection to push them towards new adaptive peaks.

The concept of the book is that the publisher's attorneys had insisted that Chris allow his father to write every other chapter of the book, so that Bob could rebut any " factual errors " Chris might have made in the preceding chapter.

The city was patterned after the " garden city " concept that became popular in England during the 19th century, with most home sites sectioned off into plots to allow adequate farming area to support the family with fruit and vegetables.

The plans for Johnson Ranch call for the first large master-planned community in the area offering the cluster development concept which will provide much greater open space and allow for centralized water and wastewater systems, rather than the environmentally less friendly well and septic systems which are used in all of the older, neighboring residential developments around Bulverde.

These zippered lists would allow compound documents to be formed from pieces of other documents, a concept named transclusion.

Such copies could potentially allow an " individual " to experience many things at once, and later integrate the experiences of all copies into a central mentality at some point in the future, effectively allowing a single sentient being to " be many places at once " and " do many things at once "; this concept has been explored in fiction.

The concept of the design is to allow a watchman to observe (- opticon ) all ( pan -) inmates of an institution without their being able to tell whether or not they are being watched.

The concept of " sidewise " time travel, a term taken from Murray Leinster's " Sidewise in Time ", is often used to allow characters to pass through many different alternate histories, all descendant from some common branch point.

D ' Souza has debated several atheists and critics of Christianity at programs at various universities, including Peter Singer, Bart Ehrman, Christopher Hitchens, and David Silverman, on issues including whether there can be morality without God, how a benevolent God can allow suffering, the concept of religion in general, and whether Christianity is good for America, among others.

The concept has become common in large cities, where a combination of coffeehouses, libraries, as well as privately owned open access points, allow clients to stay more or less continuously connected to the Internet, while moving around.

In May 2010 the General Chiropractic Council, the statutory regulatory body for chiropractors in the United Kingdom, issued guidance for chiropractors stating that the chiropractic vertebral subluxation complex " is an historical concept " and " is not supported by any clinical research evidence that would allow claims to be made that it is the cause of disease or health concerns.

" The Rottnest Society has criticised the state government over lack of public consultation over the development: " The government has let us all down in not keeping a written commitment to allow the Western Australian public to comment via a properly constituted public comment process on the concept plans for the proposed new hotel at Mount Herschel ".