The politics of Cambodia takes place in a framework of a constitutional monarchy, whereby the Prime Minister is the head of government and a Monarch is head of state.

For example, the 1972 Constitution designates the Prime Minister as constitutional successor of the Head of State in case of incapacity, death, resignation or unaccountable absence of the incumbent.

In the kind of constitutional monarchy established under the Constitution of the German Empire which Bismarck inspired, the Kaiser retained considerable actual executive power, and the Prime Minister needed no parliamentary vote of confidence and ruled solely by the imperial mandate.

An instance of a Governor General exercising his power was during the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, when the Australian Prime Minister of the time, Gough Whitlam, was dismissed by the Governor-General.

Regular ceremonies of the Emperor with a constitutional basis are the Prime Minister investitures in the Imperial palace throne room and the Speech from the Throne ceremony in the House of Councillors in the National Diet Building.

Now, the Queen of Australia is generally bound by constitutional convention to accept the advice of the Australian Prime Minister and state Premiers about Australian and state constitutional matters respectively, however the practice of Premiers advising the monarch has only become the convention since the passage of the Australia Acts ( 1986 ).

The constitutional crisis of 1975 prominently raised the possibility of the Prime Minister and the Governor-General attempting to dismiss each other at the same time.

The remaining constitutional functions of the Monarch are to open the annual session of the Riksdag, to chair the foreign advisory committee, to preside at the special cabinet council when a new Prime Minister takes office, and to be kept informed by the Prime Minister on matters of state.

::: Where the institutions of the Republic, the independence of the Nation, the integrity of its territory or the fulfilment of its international commitments are under serious and immediate threat, and where the proper functioning of the constitutional public authorities is interrupted, the President of the Republic shall take measures required by these circumstances, after formally consulting the Prime Minister, the Presidents of the Houses of Parliament and the Constitutional Council. He shall address the Nation and inform it of such measures. The measures shall be designed to provide the constitutional public authorities as swiftly as possible, with the means to carry out their duties.

The Electoral success of New Labour in 1997, which would be led by two Prime Ministers with Scottish connections, Tony Blair ( who was brought up in Scotland ) from 1997 to 2007 and Gordon Brown from 2007 – 10, opened the way for constitutional change.

As Prime Minister, he oversaw landmark changes including the historic decision not to devalue the Australian dollar in line with the British pound, and the 1967 constitutional referendum in which an overwhelming majority of Australians voted in favour of giving the Commonwealth power to legislate specifically for indigenous Australians.

In the area of constitutional reform, undoubtedly the most significant event of Holt's time as Prime Minister was the 1967 referendum in which an overwhelming majority of Australians voted in favour of giving the Commonwealth power to legislate specifically for indigenous Australians and to include them in the Commonwealth census.

Suspension of the writ in Canadian history occurred famously during the October Crisis, during which the War Measures Act was invoked by the Governor General of Canada on the constitutional advice of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, who had received a request from the Quebec Cabinet.

He continued to the Bahamas and Jamaica, where the current Prime Minister, Portia Simpson-Miller, is considering severing ties between Jamaica and the constitutional monarchy.

Politics in India ( Hindi: भ ा रत ी य र ा जन ी त ि) takes place within the framework of a federal Westminster-style Parliamentary democratic constitutional republic, in which the President of India is head of state and the Prime Minister of India is the head of government.

Prime Minister Winston Churchill dispatched Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of the war Cabinet who was known to be politically close to Nehru and also knew Jinnah, with proposals for a settlement of the constitutional problem.

Recent constitutional amendments have enabled sharing of executive powers between the President and a Prime Minister.

Politics of Lesotho takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic constitutional monarchy, whereby the Prime Minister of Lesotho is the head of government, and of a multi-party system.

On 24 December 1999, Prime Minister Juncker announced Grand Duke Jean's decision to abdicate the throne on 7 October 2000, in favour of Prince Henri who assumed the title and constitutional duties of Grand Duke.

The politics of Malaysia takes place in the framework of a federal representative democratic constitutional monarchy, in which the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is head of state and the Prime Minister of Malaysia is the head of government.

During the terms of Dr. Mahathir Mohamad as the fourth Prime Minister of Malaysia, many constitutional amendments were made.

However, in times of constitutional crisis the Administrator can appoint someone else as Chief Minister.

In 1960 another constitutional evolution established the post of Chief Minister, making the leader of the majority party in the Legislative Council, which at that time was Herbert Blaize, effective head of government.

Over 30 years after Poquoson became a politically independent entity, some constitutional services such as the courts, sheriff and jail continue to be shared with neighboring York County.

Over 30 years after Poquoson became an independent city from York County, some constitutional services such as the courts, sheriff and jail continue to be shared with neighboring York County.

The general acceptance of the idea of governmental ( i.e., societal ) responsibility for the economic well-being of the American people is surely one of the two most significant watersheds in American constitutional history.

Instead it means that the thinking in which decision issues has the power to determine the morality of the decision, as in this instance the pressure for renewed practical or legislative attention to the constitutional problems the decision had uncovered might have done.

Pelham pointed out that Georgia voters last November rejected a constitutional amendment to allow legislators to vote on pay raises for future Legislature sessions.

The third amended the enabling act for creation of the Lamar county Hospital District, for which a special constitutional amendment previously was adopted.

By December 1863 a proposed constitutional amendment that would outlaw slavery absolutely was brought to Congress for passage.

It is distinguished from judicial review, which refers to the court's overriding constitutional or statutory right to determine if a legislative act or administrative decision is defective for jurisdictional or other reasons ( which may vary by jurisdiction ).

King Alexander tried to reconcile political parties by unveiling a liberal constitution of his own initiative, introducing for the first time in the constitutional history of Serbia the system of two chambers ( skupština and senate ).

He reprised resolutions for constitutional amendments to provide for 1 ) the direct election of the president, rather than by the electoral college, 2 ) the direct election of U. S. Senators, rather than by state legislatures and 3 ) the limiting of judges ' terms to twelve years.

Canadian scholar Richard Toporoski theorised in 1998 that " if, let us say, an alteration were to be made in the United Kingdom to the Act of Settlement 1701, providing for the succession of the Crown ... t is my opinion that the domestic constitutional law of Australia or Papua New Guinea, for example, would provide for the succession in those countries of the same person who became Sovereign of the United Kingdom.

Stephanos Bibas writes in a 2003 analysis for Cornell Law Review that Judge Frank H. Easterbrook and a majority of scholars " praise these pleas as efficient, constitutional means of resolving cases.

The constitutional law in Germany is ruled in the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany ( German Grundgesetz, ) from 23. 05. 1949.

The Copenhagen Casino was a theatre, known for the use made of its hall for mass public meetings during the 1848 Revolution which made Denmark a constitutional monarchy.

According to Scott Gordon, a political organization is constitutional to the extent that it " contain institutionalized mechanisms of power control for the protection of the interests and liberties of the citizenry, including those that may be in the minority.

The Edicts of Ashoka established constitutional principles for the 3rd century BC Maurya king's rule in Ancient India.

Stanford University historian Jack N. Rakove stated that " The voluminous records we have for the constitutional debates of the late 1780s contain no significant references to the Iroquois " and stated that there are ample European precedents to the democratic institutions of the United States.

The Golden Bull of 1356 was a decree issued by a Reichstag in Nuremberg headed by Emperor Charles IV that fixed, for a period of more than four hundred years, an important aspect of the constitutional structure of the Holy Roman Empire.

It was settled in the case of United States v. Hudson and Goodwin,, which decided that federal courts had no jurisdiction to define new common law crimes, and that there must always be a ( constitutional ) statute defining the offense and the penalty for it.

Contrarily, the 1996 Constitutional Reform designates the President of the Senate as constitutional successor ; but the Senate ( provided for by 1996 Reform ) does not exist.

However, in November 1992 elections were held for an enlarged Legislative Assembly and the Government was soundly defeated, casting doubt on constitutional reform.

In its " Agreement ", on August 22, 1973, the Chamber of Deputies of Chile asserted that Chilean democracy had broken down and called for " redirecting government activity ", to restore constitutional rule.