In contrast, conventional hydroponics cannot use organic fertilizer because organic compounds in the hydroponic solution show phytotoxic effects.

In each case it was found that the least cost solution was dramatically less costly than the same amount of pollution reduction produced by any conventional abatement strategy.

A common solution was the 3rd party PhoneNet which used conventional telephone cables for networking.

Teak and bamboo plantations in India have given good results and an alternative crop solution to farmers of central India, where conventional farming was popular.

A disadvantage ( compared to conventional intracellular recording with sharp electrodes ) is that the intracellular fluid of the cell mixes with the solution inside the recording electrode, and so some important components of the intracellular fluid can be diluted.

The obvious solution on the broadcast end would be to use three conventional Iconoscopes with colored filters in front of them to produce an RGB signal.

This can be overcome by the theoretically more elegant solution of using conventional cone woofer ( s ) in an open baffle, or a push-pull arrangement, which produces a bipolar radiation pattern similar to that of the electrostatic membrane.

If colour negative film is processed in conventional black and white developer, and fixed and then bleached with a bath containing hydrochloric acid and potassium dichromate solution, the resultant film, once exposed to light, can be redeveloped in colour developer to produce an unusual pastel colour effect.

The author does not devote her talents to the creation of thrills and shocks, but to the orderly solution of a single murder, conventional at that, instead .... Miss Christie is not only an expert technician and a remarkably good story-teller, but she knows, as well, just the right number of hints to offer as to the real murderer.

Apart — and it is an enormous " apart " — from the sensational solution, this is a fairly conventional Christie.

The reversed solubility also causes salts to precipitate out of solution, meaning they can be treated using conventional methods for solid-waste residuals.

When a robust fuzzy design is reduced into a single, quick calculation, it begins to resemble a conventional feedback loop solution and it might appear that the fuzzy design was unnecessary.

The Chepstow Bridge carried the South Wales Railway across the River Wye and featured a main truss of with a curving tubular main member, and three conventional plate-girder approach spans of, a similar solution to that adopted for crossing the River Tamar at Saltash.

The " Mershon Condenser " as it was known ( condenser was the earlier term for capacitor ) was constructed like a conventional paper capacitor, with two long strips of aluminum foil interwound with strips of insulating paper, but with the paper saturated with electrolyte solution instead of wax.

Short-term memory alone may be enough to achieve solution superior to those found by conventional local search methods, but intermediate and long-term structures are often necessary for solving harder problems.

When a wing-warping mechanism was tried as a solution to a long-running turning problem, the effect was to turn the airplane in the opposite direction to that expected by conventional airplane knowledge.

The simplest solution is to use a rigid guideway, like conventional rails or steel rollercoasters.

Nichols and McChesney are sharply critical of the news media for being complicit with warmaking and conventional wisdom asininity, and argue that structural reform will be the only effective solution.

He also cooperated with the British in the solution of more conventional German codebook-based systems.

Freezing a water-based solution converts all bulk water into ice crystals, but water associated with solutes — in the case of a soup stock, gelatin, fat, and flavor compounds — remains unfrozen to much lower temperatures ; in practice, the freezing temperature of this associated water is well below the reach of conventional freezers.

DualDiscs took the approach of using a double-sided disc to provide the necessary backwards compatibility ; hybrid SACDs are a one-sided solution that instead use two layers: a conventional CD layer and a high-resolution layer.

The difference from conventional immunoassays is that the capture ligands are covalently attached to the surface of the biochip in an ordered array rather than in solution.

Wieland's work led to the ' active ester ' method for making protected peptide segments in conventional solution synthesis in organic solvents.

One popular solution is to create a double-length car that is articulated over a single middle truck so that each half of the car is about the same length as a conventional autorack.

The purpose of using pseudocode is that it is easier for people to understand than conventional programming language code, and that it is an efficient and environment-independent description of the key principles of an algorithm.

Although conventional ( annular ) Hall thrusters are efficient in the kilowatt power regime, they become inefficient when scaled to small sizes.

Through the study of nanobiomimicry, key components of nanodevices like nanowires, quantum dots, and nanotubes have been produced in an efficient and simple manner when compared to more conventional lithographic techniques.

However, they tend to be more expensive than conventional heating systems and although more energy efficient, a ground extraction system is more costly.

They can be particularly efficient — up to at least 60 %— when waste heat from the gas turbine is recovered by a heat recovery steam generator to power a conventional steam turbine in a combined cycle configuration.

Heat pumps are already at a price disadvantage when it comes to initial investment ( not long-term savings ) compared to conventional heating solutions like boilers, so the drive towards more efficient heat pumps and air conditioners is often led by legislative measures on minimum efficiency standards.

On the other hand, compared to more conventional particle detectors, they are extremely efficient in energy resolution and in sensitivity.

More recently, it has been shown that even highly immunogenic, enveloped plant-based vaccines can be produced at a competitive and more efficient rate than conventional strategies.

" Proponents of unschooling assert that individualized, child-led learning is more efficient and respectful of children's time, takes advantage of their interests, and allows deeper exploration of subjects than what is possible in conventional education.

The second adjusted the taxes to favor efficient conventional power plants.

* A 2009 University of Berkeley Research Letter found that " Even under highly optimistic assumptions the compressed-air car is significantly less efficient than a battery electric vehicle and produces more greenhouse gas emissions than a conventional gas-powered car with a coal intensive power mix.

So flying wings are at their best when cruising in still air: in turbulent air or when changing course, the aircraft may be less efficient than a conventional design.

IGCC is also a more efficient method of CO < sub > 2 </ sub > capture as compared to conventional technologies.

Thermoelectric junctions are generally only around 5 – 10 % as efficient as the ideal refrigerator ( Carnot cycle ), compared with 40 – 60 % achieved by conventional compression cycle systems ( reverse Rankine systems using compression / expansion ).

This protein isolation can be done using continuous media flow, yielding high amounts of protein, making this process more economically efficient than conventional methods ( Fong & Wood, 2010 ).

* By reducing propeller blade tip losses, the ducted fan is more efficient in producing thrust than a conventional propeller, especially at low speed and high static thrust level ( airships, hovercrafts ).

Energy conservation can be achieved through increased efficient energy use, in conjunction with decreased energy consumption and / or reduced consumption from conventional energy sources.

The firm challenged conventional architectural wisdom by demonstrating that lightweight steel-and-glass structures could be energy efficient and pioneered the use in Britain of permanent lightweight fabric structures, of which the Mound Stand at Lords Cricket Ground is a notable example.

PLT is predicted to be able to provide the thrust to power ratio ( a measure of how efficient a thruster is in terms of converting power to thrust ) approaching that of conventional thrusters, such as laser ablation thrusters and electrical thrusters.

The unavoidable trade-off with this arrangement was low efficiency and eventually these transmissions were discontinued in favor of the more efficient three speed units with a conventional three element torque converter.

The most efficient atmospheric pressure at which a conventional propelling nozzle

The 1960s Austin Mini / Austin 1100 compact and innovative automatic gearbox, developed by Automotive Products ( with a conventional epicyclic / torque converter coupling ) was much less efficient at transmitting drive.

T's purpose is to test the thesis developed by Steele and Sussman in their series of papers about Scheme: that Scheme may be used as the basis for a practical programming language of exceptional expressive power, and that implementations of Scheme could perform better than other Lisp systems, and competitively with implementations of programming languages, such as C and BLISS, which are usually considered to be inherently more efficient than Lisp on conventional machine architectures.

Many more recent applications of such a transformer dispense with the need to produce high currents and just use the device as a relatively efficient means of producing a wide range of lower voltages using a transformer much smaller than a conventional mains transformer would be.