Activists ' goals are for an end to the legal status of " corporate personhood " and the dissolution of free market fundamentalism and the radical economic privatization measures of the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and World Trade Organization.

Therefore, the corporation is a juristic person or artificial legal entity, under a concept that some refer to as " corporate personhood ".

In response to the ruling, a grassroots, bipartisan group called Move to Amend was created to garner support for a constitutional amendment overturning corporate personhood and declaring that money is not speech.

Opponents of corporate personhood seek to amend the U. S. Constitution to limit these rights to those provided by state law and state constitutions.

The Citizens United majority opinion makes no reference to corporate personhood or to the Fourteenth Amendment.

Opinions by two long serving Supreme Court judges, Hugo Black and William O. Douglas, indicate the extent to which corporate personhood is not an all or nothing doctrine, but rather relates to the purpose of government regulation and the underlying rights of the individuals making up the corporation.

Among the most frequently discussed and controversial consequences of corporate personhood in the United States is the extension of a limited subset of the same constitutional rights.

Ralph Nader and others have argued that a strict originalist philosophy should reject the doctrine of corporate personhood under the Fourteenth Amendment.

Nonetheless, these justices ' rulings have continued to affirm the assumption of corporate personhood, as the Waite court did, and Justice Rehnquist himself eventually endorsed overruling " Austin ," dissenting in McConnell v. FEC.

It should be noted, however, that neither decision relied on the concept of corporate personhood, and the Buckley decision in particular deals with the rights of individuals and political committees, not corporations.

** Proposed constitutional amendment to revoke corporate personhood

* Petition for Bernie Sanders ' Proposed Amendment to revoke corporate personhood

This could be argued to contravene the idea of corporate personhood.

After Waite told him that the Court ' avoided ' the issue of corporate personhood, why did Davis include it?

Since the mid-19th century, corporate personhood has become increasingly controversial, as courts have extended other rights to the corporation beyond those necessary to ensure their liability for debts.

Other commentators argue that corporate personhood is not a fiction anymore — it simply means that for some legal purposes, " person " has now a wider meaning than it has in non-legal uses.

Some groups and individuals ( including the Greens / Green Party USA ) have objected to " corporate personhood.

Opponents of " corporate personhood " don't necessarily want to eliminate legal entities, but do want to limit these rights to those provided by state constitutions through constitutional amendment.

A rather significant legal fiction that is still in use today is corporate personhood ( see corporation ).

Other commentators argue that corporate personhood is not a fiction anymore ; it simply means that for some legal purposes, " person " has now a wider meaning than it had before and it still has in non-legal uses.

Corporative federalism, not to be confused with the ' cooperative federalism ' of the ( U. S .' s 1933-1936 ) New Deal, is a system of federalism not based on the common federalist idea of relative land area or nearest spheres of influence for governance, but on fiduciary jurisdiction to corporate personhood, where groups who are considered incorporated members of their own prerogative structure by willed agreement can delegate their individual effective legislature within the overall government.

The due process clauses apply to " legal persons " ( that is, corporate personhood ) as well as to individuals.

He is the author of numerous books including Unequal Protection: The Rise of Corporate Dominance and the Theft of Human Rights, in which he argues that the 1886 U. S. Supreme Court decision in Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Company ( 118 U. S. 394 ) did not actually grant corporate personhood, and that this doctrine derives from a mistaken interpretation of a Supreme Court clerk's notes.

Mergers and acquisitions ( abbreviated M & A ) is an aspect of corporate strategy, corporate finance and management dealing with the buying, selling, dividing and combining of different companies and similar entities that can help an enterprise grow rapidly in its sector or location of origin, or a new field or new location, without creating a subsidiary, other child entity or using a joint venture.

OPET, which first started with its own stations, spread the project throughout Turkey in time, emphasized its difference not only with standard corporate appearance and service quality at OPET stations but also with the importance it gives to cleanliness and hygiene and succeeded to make it a permanent aspect.

As an aspect of governance, it has been central to discussions related to problems in the public sector, nonprofit and private ( corporate ) worlds.

The day-to-day operations of the AMS are overseen by the AMS Council which includes an annually elected three-person executive ( the President, Vice-President ( Operations ) and Vice-President ( University Affairs ), selected as a slate ), five commissioners who are each responsible for a specific aspect of student life, and three directors who are responsible for overseeing the AMS ’ 14 corporate services.

They appreciate too, the convivial aspect of local initiatives and their promise of small but real alternatives to corporate globalization and mass consumption.

* 2000 On 1 July 2000, the day when programme presentation and commercials shown on the four main UK television channels switched from the 4: 3 aspect ratio to 14: 9 on analogue broadcasts and 16: 9 on digital broadcasts, UTV introduced a new set of idents using footage from the 1996 " landscape " idents, the break filler films used on its short-lived sister channel TV You, and a UTV corporate advertisement where a shoal of fish grouped together to form the UTV logo.

Wrigley Company officials, including William Wrigley, Jr. II, wanted to contribute to Millennium Park, and the historic aspect of the peristyle was attractive to them partly because the original peristyle was constructed around the same time as the Wrigley Building, the corporate headquarters located a few blocks to the north, and because the classical architectural styles of both are similar.

A proxy fight or proxy battle is an event that may occur when a corporation's stockholders develop opposition to some aspect of the corporate governance, often focusing on directorial and management positions.

A significant aspect of the purchase was relocation of the company's corporate headquarters from Memphis to Nashville.

Due to the essentially corporate aspect of the forums, moderation is necessary to protect certain interests of Haymarket Media, in order to ensure that illegal or distasteful content is not posted.

In 1994, Kemp's 1988 campaign reached a settlement with the Federal Election Commission by agreeing to pay $ 120, 000 in civil penalties for 1988 campaign election law violations for, among other things, excessive contributions, improper direct corporate donations, press overbilling, exceeding spending limits in Iowa and New Hampshire, and failure to reimburse corporations for providing air transportation.

According to Steven Zivanic, senior director and corporate communications of HDS, " this campaign has not only helped the firm in its own area, but it has given the data storage firm a broader audience.

This campaign was created as the group ’ s corporate social responsibility strategy and not as a cosmetic exercise.

They advocated strong antitrust laws, restricting corporate lobbying and campaign contributions, and greater citizen participation and control, including standardized secret ballots, strict voter registration and women's suffrage.

In response to the Occupy Wall Street protests and the worldwide occupy movement calling for U. S. campaign finance reform eliminating corporate influence in politics, among other reforms, Representative Ted Deutch introduced the " Outlawing Corporate Cash Undermining the Public Interest in our Elections and Democracy " ( OCCUPIED ) constitutional amendment on November 18, 2011.

Opponents of these decisions have argued that if all corporate rights under the Constitution were abolished, it would clear the way for greater regulation of campaign spending and contributions.

As a result and in keeping with campaign promises, an Oxford mayor went to the state capitol and had the corporate boundaries of Oxford redrawn to exclude Mooree Quarter and the black vote.

As a result and in keeping with campaign promises, an Oxford mayor went to the state capitol and had the corporate boundaries of Oxford redrawn to exclude Mooree Quarter and the black vote.

On 30 April 1479, the town was designated a county corporate by a charter of Edward, Prince of Wales, with the aim of supporting a campaign against piracy in local waters.

The U. K. conservation charity Woodland Trust runs an annual campaign to collect and recycle Christmas cards to raise awareness of recycling and collect donations from corporate sponsors and supporters.

Furthermore, Moyers indicated that Hanna gathered support for McKinley's presidential campaign from " the corporate interests of the day " and was responsible for Ohio and Washington coming under the rule of " bankers, railroads and public utility corporations.

In a separate interview he said that increasing corporate control " is very, very dangerous and we have put the whole issue of net neutrality right into the heart of our campaign platform ," and that the Internet is " a public tool for exchanging ideas and I particularly want to say that if we don ’ t fight to preserve it, we could lose it.

In 1972, the logo of Richard Nixon's reelection campaign posters were subvertised with two x's in Nixon's name ( as in the Exxon logo ) to suggest the corporate ownership of the Republican party, the spoof T-shirt ; but it is also the mass act of defiance of a street party.

In 2005 and 2006, a major corporate campaign donor to Harris, Mitchell Wade ( founder of defense contractor MZM ), was implicated in several bribery scandals.

As a part of Participant Media's continuing educational action campaign around corporate ethics and the movie " The Informant !," CorpWatch and Crocodyl. org have launched a case study of the Archer Daniels Midland price-fixing scandal, along with an exposé on more recent controversies surrounding the agri-business giant's global operations.

The first federal campaign finance law, banning corporate expenditures in campaigns, is commonly called the Tillman Act, Senator Tillman having been its lead sponsor.

Tillman was the primary sponsor of the Tillman Act, the first federal campaign finance reform law, which was passed in 1907 and banned corporate contributions in federal political campaigns.

After practicing corporate law in New York, he served in the Nixon Administration as the chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission from 1971 to 1973 ; this position led to his being called as a prosecution witness against former Attorney General John N. Mitchell and former Commerce Secretary Maurice Stans in an influence-peddling case stemming from international financier Robert Vesco's $ 200, 000 contribution to the Nixon reelection campaign.

A June 1964 society campaign to oppose Xerox corporate sponsorship of TV programs favorable to the UN produced 51, 279 letters from 12, 785 individuals.

The public relations and promotion campaign were created by Alan Hilburg and the Burson-Marsteller team under the direction of Denny Lynch, the vice president of corporate communications at Wendy's.

The book is part of Moore's ongoing campaign for increased corporate accountability.

Activists of the successful 1998 campaign against the Multilateral Agreement on Investment ( MAI ) were convinced that the WTO would be used by transnational corporate influencers as a forum in which to advance the global corporate agenda to the detriment of worldwide civil society and especially the interests of third-world countries.